What method is used to describe the snow scene in Jinan in winter?

First, contrast the image with hue contrast.

Mr. Lao She aroused readers' reverie by saying, "For a person who is used to living in Beiping like me, if it doesn't blow in winter, it will be a miracle", and let readers see a picture of depression in which the north wind roared and it was freezing, and set off the "warm" color of Jinan in winter with the "cold" color in this picture; It also arouses readers' imagination by saying, "For a person who has just returned from London, it is a very strange thing to see sunlight in winter", which makes readers seem to see a gloomy picture outside the fog in London, and uses the "dark" color in this picture to set off the "bright" color in Jinan in winter. That's not enough. The author also showed us a terrible picture of the hot sun in the tropical region, and then used the "hot" color of this painting to set off the "warm" color of Jinan in winter. It is the use of hue and contrast, and the method of "shaping by color" in painting art that the author outlines the sunny winter in Jinan.

Second, from the complicated scenery, omit the minor parts and grasp the main features of the main scenery to highlight it.

This is a landscape painting. Mr Lao She described the land of Jinan with the composition and framing method of China's landscape paintings, that is, "seeing the big and seeing the small". The author spread his imaginary wings in Jinan and flew to the sky overlooking the earth, and then made a brief freehand description of the land in Jinan. Draw a city, but don't draw its east, west, north and south. "An ancient city, with mountains and water, is bathed in sunshine and sleeping peacefully, just waiting for the spring breeze to wake them up" (note: the mountain in this sentence is the mountain in Jinan). Some trivial details are omitted, only the beautiful sleeping state of Jinan in winter is drawn, leaving readers with sufficient space for association, imagination and artistic re-creation. Draw a mountain, but don't draw it up and down. "The hill encircles Jinan, and only the north side lacks a little mouth." A pen grasps the main features of the scenery, and then guides readers to develop artistic association and imagination: "This circle of hills is particularly lovely in winter, as if Jinan were placed in a small cradle. They whispered, "Don't worry, it will be warm here." "With this kind of association and imagination, the soul of life in this painting will fly. Men, women and children who draw people instead of people not only omit the eyes, ears and eyebrows like traditional Chinese painting, but also omit the characters completely, and only draw the most important characteristics of Jinan winter characters: "Jinan people are laughing in winter." The city and the mountain form a perfect picture.

Third, carefully design the scenery and composition to show the image of the scenery layer by layer.

Painting is a "space art", and the juxtaposed scenes in space must be arranged skillfully according to the principle of beauty. Lao She also used this painting technique in his prose. If the second seamless Jinan land is a freehand painting, then the third beautiful Jinan snow scene is closer to meticulous painting.

The author writes the scenery according to the mountain, and draws the beauty of the hill by writing the snow light, snow color and snow state in all the details of the beautiful hill. In terms of artistic structure, there are two layers. Make a detailed description first, from the mountain, the top of the mountain, the hillside to the mountainside. Detailed description step by step: it is white, "there is a bun of white flowers on the top of the tree", and the pine green and white snow set each other off; It is silver, "putting a silver edge on the blue sky", such as washed blue sky, such as silver snow; It is colored, "Put a flower coat with waterline on the mountain" is its color, "This flower coat seems to be blown by the wind, which makes you want to see more beautiful mountain skin" is its state, and it writes the movement in silence in the description of color and state; It has the most touching beauty in the world. Under the dazzling setting sun, like a girl, it "suddenly feels blushing and shows a little pink", and in the brilliant rendering in the evening, it paints feelings in form. It is really a scene, a scene, a state. This paragraph is described in detail, with meticulous methods and freehand brushwork in artistic conception. China's paintings pay attention to "vivid charm", and the snow scene painted by strokes alone is not dull, but vivid. A series of verbs bring readers into the artistic conception of association and imagination. Readers feel not only the external beauty of light, color and state of snow, but also the emotional charm and internal beauty of snow. What the author creates is the highest realm of painting art, "vivid charm".

The fourth paragraph depicts the second snow scene in order to make the painting more perfect. After sketching, I always draw a snow scene, and put the ancient city, the city, the city, the hillside, the village and the whole land into the snow scene. At the end of the sentence, it is pointed out directly: "This is a small ink painting, perhaps painted by a famous painter in the Tang Dynasty."

Fourth, highlight your most vivid impressions and feelings, so as to arouse readers' similar experiences and create an immersive feeling.

Jinan is called Quancheng, and its water is very famous. The water in Jinan comes from the depths of the earth, and it is mighty and flowing all year round. How to draw such a beautiful image? The author abandons all the appearances of Jinan Winter Water, summarizes the vivid image of the water with his own impressions and feelings, and deeply expresses his unique feelings in the vivid image. First of all, I worked hard to render the "green" of Jinan's winter water, a series of five "green" words. The author describes the green duckweed, algae and willow shadow on the water surface, but it shows the green of water. Reading these green duckweeds, green algae and green willows, we will naturally associate them with the water that nourishes them and feel the green spirit and green life hidden in Jinan's winter water. Then, I made great efforts to render the "live" of Jinan winter water. All the details, even the specific form of water flow, have disappeared, leaving only the vigorous vitality of water at the end of the pen: "The air, the air and the sky are so clear and blue from top to bottom." It is impossible for water in nature to flow to the sky. This is already emotional water and artistic water, which is the unique impression that Mr. Lao She got by observing the scenery with the eyes of a painter. In graphic painting art, in order to show the unique state and potential of water, running water can completely flow into the air and the sky. If it is not an excellent painting art, what is it? At the end, in Water Color, Water Light and Shui Ying, the author left a beautiful image for Quancheng with the brightest and most vivid colors in the whole article: "This crystal is covered with yellow grass mountain with red top, like a small group of gray trees on the carpet; This is Jinan in winter. "

Finally, this article is a complete picture in terms of conception, composition and gesture. Sunshine, mountains and rivers, people, snow and green water all show the word "warm". Draw a map of the sky and draw the general layout of this landscape map; Writing snow and water describes the specific details of this picture, from the warm sun in the sky to the warm city and the warm mountain under the warm sun, the snow on the mountain can be traced, and the water in the snow is drawn from the snow, which is smooth and in one go; Lao She is really a master among painters.

We have all experienced the power of winter. However, although Jinan is located in "North China", in winter, it is not a grim face, but a smile and "charity". After reading Lao She's masterpiece Winter in Jinan, the impression is so vivid.

The author spent his youth in Peiping. From the 1920s to the eve of the Anti-Japanese War, he taught in London University, cheeloo university University and Shandong University. Beiping, London and Jinan have successively become the three main stops of Lao She's life boat. Therefore, he is qualified to judge the contrast. "For a person who is used to living in Beiping, it is a miracle that it is not windy in winter; There is no wind in Jinan in winter. " No wind is a miracle, and no wind should be a miracle among miracles. It is understandable that the author feels so deeply about the "windless" winter in Jinan. At that time, the author returned from foggy London to "sunny" Jinan, which had to form another strong psychological contrast: "It is strange for a person who just returned from London, like me, not to see the sun in winter; The winter in Jinan is sunny. " In order to emphasize this unusual feeling, the author then makes a third comparison between Jinan, a tropical place and northern China. By comparing the "toxic" sunshine in tropical places, the author highlights the loveliness of Jinan's "warm and sunny" winter. At this point, there are both "miracles" and "strange things" in Jinan, and the characteristics of its warm winter are vividly on the paper. Without taking measures, "charity" is just like charity.

The work takes "Jinan's winter is warm and sunny" as the main line, closely following "mountain" and "water", and then spreads elegant landscape paintings.

The first picture is a picture of a hill cradle. The author first outlined an "ideal realm" for the readers: "An ancient city with mountains and water, all basking in the sun and sleeping peacefully, just waiting for the spring breeze to wake them up." How quiet, so quiet that there is no wind at all; How beautiful! It's all under the "sky". It's really "sunny". It's hard to imagine that this is the winter scene in northern China, but it's the real winter in Jinan. This is the "surprise" of the "treasure land". But the "surprise" of the work lies in the description of "mountain" after the introduction of "mountain". In the south of Jinan, five miles from the city center, there is the famous Qianfo Mountain, which is connected with Fomao Mountain in the east and Maanshan and Lisi Mountain in the west. They are indeed "hills", and the main peak of Qianfo Mountain is only 285 meters above sea level. For such a geographical environment, the work is written accurately in only one sentence: "Jinan is surrounded by hills, only the north is missing." This is also the geographical reason why Jinan is warm in winter. The work points out this truth, not in the tone of scholars, but in the metaphor of writers' novels: "This circle of hills is particularly lovely in winter, as if Jinan were put in a small cradle." Lying in the cradle, bearing the mother's love, is of course the warmest. What's more, "the mountains" are still humming a lullaby in a low voice: "Don't worry, it will be warm here!" A "Cradle of Mountains" actually contains touching tenderness. With this kind of considerate care, Jinan people should not only "greet with a smile", but also feel "settled and dependent": "Because there is such a charity winter, why else!"

The second picture of the beautiful scenery of Chu Qing after the snow. In addition to the wind, winter depends on snow to impress the earth and add chill. However, the snow in Jinan did not erase the brilliance of warm winter at all, but more and more revealed the "warmth and sunshine" of winter. Because it's just a "light snow", even the "dwarf pine" can't be covered. On the contrary, it looks "darker and darker" because of the snow, and only "has a bun of white flowers" on its "treetop"; The hill is just "the top of the hill is all white." If Jinan is not a warm winter, can you see this "most wonderful" snow-capped mountain and mingshan? What's even more amazing is that light snow adds charming colors to nature. On the hillside, "in some places, the snow is thick, and in some places, the grass is still exposed; In this way, one is white, the other is dark yellow, and the mountain is covered with a floral dress with water patterns; Looking at it, this floral dress seems to be blown by the wind. " Moreover, the all-white top of the mountain "sets a silver edge to the blue sky", "when the sun is about to set", and even "the yellow sun shines obliquely on the mountainside", making Bo Xue "slightly pink"! It can be said that Jinan after the snow is particularly beautiful. This is really a light color with alternating ink and wash!

In the last paragraph of the article, after writing "mountain", I began to write "water", which opened the third beautiful picture: the ethereal crystal picture. Jinan is known as the "Spring City". As the saying goes, "Every family listens to spring, and every family has a willow". Baotu Spring is the crown of "72 famous springs" in Jinan. The spring water gushes gently, spouts like boiling, and the water temperature is constant at 18℃. Therefore, in the middle of winter, the spring area is still foggy, and the pavilions around it are covered with a layer of gauze, just like a fairyland. In addition to spring water, Daming Lake is also famous for its "lotus flowers on four sides and willow on three sides". So the author uses "water" to write the "warmth" of Jinan in winter: "What about water? It's not freezing, it's steaming on green algae. " In the author's pen, such water is not only alive, but also emotional. "The clearer the sky, the greener the algae. With these green spirits, the water can't bear to freeze." The weeping willow is also personified: she "wants to take a picture in the water"! The author's technique is really unique. Here he didn't directly write about the "warmth" of the weather, but it made people feel the warmth. This water, this green algae and this weeping willow are all lovely. Can you not say that winter in Jinan is "charity"? Just as the reader is tasting the green water and weeping willows, the writer's eyes turn to the wider world: "clear" water and "blue sky" are integrated, and "whole" becomes ethereal blue crystal. In this "blue crystal", there is also a "red-topped Huangcao Mountain". A crystal picture of Zhang Mingliang is refreshing and fascinating. In this way, the author wrote from water to heaven, and even summarized the whole Jinan. Echoing the first paragraph "Jinan is really a treasure", he wrote a conclusion like a jade plate: "This is Jinan in winter." A complete artistic image is presented: Jinan Warm Winter Charity is as lovely as a mother and as crystal clear as a girl!

Articles are sentimental things. To impress readers, the author must be sincere first. Lao She's fascination with Jinan in winter is beyond words. "For a person who is used to living in Beiping, he is just like me ..." With this sentence, he not only writes his own unique feelings, but also appears sincere in meaning, which is the conclusion of the full text. "Please close your eyes and think ... Is this an ideal state?" Be persuasive and don't impose language at all. "Really, people in Jinan are laughing in winter." This is a tone that reveals the truth, lest readers believe it. "The best thing is a little light snow. See ... "Emotionally moving people, such as immersive. "It's just a light snow. Jinan can't stand heavy snow. Those hills are so exquisite! " Because of my love for Jinan and the charming hills that seem weak and invincible, it is simply a pleading tone here. "Yes, this is a small ink painting, probably painted by a famous artist in the Tang Dynasty." Think, guess and discuss with readers. "Look, look up slowly from the clarified river ..." Finally, I entered a beautiful and profound artistic conception, not forgetting my loyal readers. The whole article pays attention to the reading effect, which is eloquent and sincere, just like talking to an unfamiliar reader. There will be emotional communication from time to time. This kind writing makes people feel more kind to Jinan's "charity" winter.

Winter in Jinan is a successful landscape prose. His landscape painting art is commendable. To sum up, the art of landscape painting in the article has the following points.

(A) firmly grasp the main features of the scene to write, so that the full text of the same tone, color harmony.

Although Jinan is located in the north of China, there is no strong wind in winter, but there is plenty of sunshine. The most striking climate feature in winter is "warm and sunny" (warm and sunny). The article firmly grasps this point, so that all kinds of scenery in the pen are closely linked with this "warm and sunny" weather, which constitutes a warm and sunny winter picture of Jinan. Articles about mountains, water, cities and people are all painted with a layer of warm sunshine. Even writing snow scenes is still related to warmth-because of warmth, "it is best to have a little snow"; And can not do without sunny-because sunny, so there is a "wait until the sunset, pale yellow sunshine slanting on the hillside, that wave of snow seems to suddenly hurt shame, slightly red" scenery.

If the second paragraph mainly focuses on the panoramic view of Jinan, the third and fourth paragraphs mainly focus on the mountain view of Jinan, and the fifth paragraph mainly focuses on the water view of Jinan, then the full text is a long axis composed of these interrelated and relatively independent drawings. And this long axis is unified by this "warm and clear" tone, giving people a harmonious and consistent aesthetic feeling.

(2) The level of scenery is properly arranged, which makes the scenery in front of us come in droves and orderly.

The ancient Jinan, with beautiful scenery, is known as "every family springs, every family inserts willows" and "a city with mountains and half a city with lakes". How can we better show these beautiful scenery to readers? This is a question of writing the order of scenery. The article first gives readers a bird's-eye view of the whole city (the second paragraph), then gives readers a full view of the mountains and the sunset after the snow (the third and fourth paragraphs), and finally leads readers to the weeping willow bank to enjoy the waterscape where "the water is not frozen and steamed on the duckweed" and the algae are greener (the fifth paragraph). Write from big to small, from mountain to water, with distinct levels and clear context. Naturally, this is for all levels, and there are similarities and differences within each level. For example, the second paragraph is about scenery and people, the third paragraph is about snow and sunny, and the fifth paragraph is about water and sky. The style of writing is vivid without losing the purpose of uneven levels.

(3) The distance and size of the scenery are appropriate, so that the scenery is not a hundred miles long or a thousand miles long.

Let's see, in the author's pen, a huge Jinan can be placed in a small cradle surrounded by mountains, and the magnificent scenery is just an "ethereal blue crystal". This is the farthest thing from the scenery. Look again, "There is a bun of white flowers on the top of the tree, like a Japanese wet nurse", "The seaweed is really green, and all the green stored all year round is taken out", which is the closest thing to the scenery. Long-term vision makes people broaden their horizons and feel relaxed and happy; The close-up of a small scene makes people look carefully and listen attentively, making the scene more vivid. Moreover, the long-term vision can break through the limitation of "I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but toward which corner of the mountain", while the short-term vision can avoid the disadvantage of "seeing the trees but not the forest". The ancient poem goes: "The distant mountains are colored, and the water near them is silent." This means that unless you look from a distance, you can't see that the mountains are actually colored, and unless you listen carefully, you can't feel that the running water is silent. Thus, regardless of distance, landscape writing techniques can not be ignored. If used properly, you can kill two birds with one stone.

It is worth noting that when this article writes about landscapes, it not only uses distance, but also details are big and small, and it is often from near to far, from small to big, or from far to near, from big to small, and the writing is closely related to promoting nature. For example, the scenery in the fifth section, from near to far, from fine to large: first, the water is steaming, then the algae, then the weeping willows, and then the sky above the water, even the air and the sky. The scenery in the fourth paragraph is from far to near, from big to small: first write outside the city, then write on the hillside outside the city, then write on the small village on the hillside, and then write about the snow on the roof of the small village. This kind of writing not only conforms to the logical order of narration, but also meets the visual needs of readers. No wonder the author is willing to adopt it.

(4) The scenery is set off properly, which makes the image of the scenery more vivid in mutual setting off.

Some scenery is beautiful in itself, and it is even more beautiful against other scenery. There are also some landscapes that are not very beautiful in themselves, but they are beautiful against other landscapes. Of course, some scenery itself is beautiful, but once it is set off with other scenery, it loses its original beauty. As Lu Xun said, "It is still called a" work of art "to carve a preface to the Lanting Pavilion on an ivory tablet, but if it is hung on the wall of the Great Wall in Wan Li or at the foot of the Zhangba Buddha statue in Yungang, it is too small to be seen, even if enthusiastic people try their best to give directions. Therefore, the key to writing a good landscape is not only to set off, but also to set off just right. Properly set off, they can complement each other and turn mediocrity into magic.

In this paper, a group of white flowers is set off on the top of the tree with short pine, green and black; Set off the blue sky with all-white peaks; There is a piece of white on the hillside, which sets off a dark yellow; With a yellowish sunset, Bo Xue's slightly pink is set off. Colorful and pleasing to the eye, they are all wonderful pens that set each other off.

The "Yellow Grass Mountain" and "Little Gray Shadow" mentioned in the article are not very beautiful in themselves, but the article puts them in the following passage to show their beauty:

Look, slowly rising from the clear river, the sky, mid-air and sky are so clear and blue from top to bottom, and the whole is an ethereal blue crystal. In this crystal, there are red roofs and yellow grass hills, like small gray shadows of flowers on the carpet; This is Jinan in winter.

Please close your eyes and think about it. Open your eyes and have a look. This is a world made up of colored dots! However, "Huangcaoshan" and "Little Gray Shadow" are indispensable parts of this beautiful painting.

(5) The combination of reality and reality makes the scenery look like a legend.

It is undoubtedly necessary to write the image of the scene, such as the article "There is a bun of white flowers on the top of the tree, like a Japanese wet nurse". However, if we want to be more vivid than description, we have to rely more on imaginative writing. Therefore, in the author's pen, Jinan, which is sunny in winter, has the expression of "sleeping warmly and waiting for the spring breeze to wake them up"; A circle of hills surrounded by the city will also whisper "don't worry, it will be warm here"; Bo Xue will have a sense of shame of "showing a little powder"; Algae will have the spirit of "taking out all the green stored all the year round"; As for water, you can have a kind heart for seaweed. As for the hillside with uneven light snow coverage, it is natural to "put a floral coat with water lines on the mountain" and "those weeping willows with long branches should take a picture in the water", which is also a vivid sentence in the article.

(6) Point out the topic appropriately to make the meaning contained in the landscape itself more obvious.

One of the reasons why a painting has an inscription is that the inscription can make the meaning contained in the painting more obvious. It should be said that the inscription is an organic part of a painting, although it is not the scenery itself. Similarly, it is permissible for the author to directly point out the theme of his landscape. If he points out the theme, it is not dispensable. The topic of this article is very targeted, and a few words will make the finishing point. For example, after describing the snow scene in the hills, the article suddenly turned to a topic and asked the author as a commentator to talk about the topic: "It's just a light snow. Jinan can't stand heavy snow. Those hills are so exquisite! " This statement can be said not only in the picture described, but also in the picture described, because it is inherent in the picture, which is a bit unclear. As soon as it is pointed out, the beauty of a little light snow (not heavy snow) in Jinan will come to my face.

Don't digress, and don't overdo it. The title of this article is just right. When we ponder over the full text and read the last sentence "This is Jinan in winter", there seems to be a feeling of wanting more. It seems that we can start a new paragraph and add two sentences to end the full text: "I love Jinan in winter, I love Jinan in winter." But there is no need to think about it carefully, because readers of Ming Min should and will draw such a conclusion from the scenery described in the article and the feelings expressed. Why wait for the author to rap again? What's more, following the logic of the article, readers have the right to think more, bigger and farther, such as loving their hometown and motherland, and so on. These questions are endless. This may be the reason why the author brought the article to an abrupt end.