How steel is made Appreciative reading notes

"How Steel Was Tempered" Reading Notes

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Novel by Soviet writer Nikolai Ostrovsky

1. Summary of the story

Paul Korchagin was born in poverty The family of a railway worker lost his father early in life and relied on his mother to do laundry and cooking for others to make ends meet. When he was 12 years old, his mother sent him to the station canteen as a handyman, where he was humiliated. He hated the oppressive shopkeepers and the rich people who lived and drank.

After the outbreak of the "October Revolution", imperialism and reactionaries tried to strangle the new Soviet power. Paul's hometown of Sebietoka, Ukraine, also experienced years of foreign armed intervention and civil war. The Red Army liberated the town of Sebetovka, but quickly withdrew, leaving only the elder Bushwick Zhukhlai doing underground work in the town. He stayed at Paul's house for a few days and told Paul many truths about revolution, the working class and class struggle. Zhu Helai was the initial leader who took Paul on the road to revolution.

While fishing, Paul met Tonya, the daughter of a forest officer.

One day, Zhu Helai was captured by the White Army. Paul searched everywhere for his whereabouts. When the bandits were escorting Zhu Helai, Paul pounced on him, knocked the bandits down in the trench, and escaped with Zhu Helai. Paul was imprisoned due to a report by Victor, the son of the Polish nobleman Liszhenski. In prison, Paul withstood the torture and remained strong and unyielding. In order to welcome the Baifei leader Petliura to visit the small town, a second-level officer mistakenly released Paul as an ordinary prisoner. He was afraid of falling into the clutches of the devil again and did not dare to go home, so he involuntarily came to Tonya's garden gate and jumped into the garden. Since Paul had rescued Tonya during the last fishing trip, and she liked his "enthusiastic and stubborn" character, his arrival made her very happy. Paul also felt that Tonya was different from other rich girls. They all felt the vague love. In order to take refuge, he agreed to Tonya's request and stayed. A few days later, Tonya found Paul's brother Arqing, who sent his brother to Katchadin to join the Red Army.

After joining the army, Paul served as a scout and later as a cavalryman. He was a capable and courageous warrior on the battlefield and an excellent political propagandist. He especially liked to read "Gadfly", "Spartacus" and other works, and often read or told stories to his comrades. In a fierce battle, his head was seriously injured, but he defeated death with his tenacious perseverance. His physical condition prevented him from returning to the front, so he immediately threw himself into the work of restoring and building the country. He did regiment work, counter-revolutionary work, and devoted himself selflessly to hard physical labor. In particular, the work of building railways was particularly difficult; there were autumn rains, mud, heavy snow, and frozen soil. Everyone was short of food and clothing, sleeping in the open air, and there were also attacks by armed bandits and threats of disease.

During this period of time, his love with Tonya was in crisis, and Tonya's vulgar individualism disgusted him. When I met her again while building the railway, she was married to a wealthy engineer. When Paul was the secretary of the Youth League Committee at the railway factory, he had frequent contact with Lida, a member of the Youth League Committee, at work, and the two gradually developed feelings. But he mistakenly regarded Lida's brother as her lover, and thus lost the opportunity to fall in love with her.

At the end of the road construction work, Paul caught typhoid fever and developed pneumonia. The organization had to send Paul back to his hometown to recuperate. On the way, the news that Paul was dead was mistakenly transmitted, but Paul defeated death for the fourth time and returned to the world. After recovering from his illness, he returned to work and joined the party. Due to various injuries and illnesses, as well as selfless work and labor, Paul's health became worse and worse and he lost his ability to work. The party organization had to relieve him of his job and have him hospitalized for long-term treatment. While recuperating on the beach, he met Daya and fell in love with her. While Paul continued to help Daya improve, he began to study tenaciously and enhance his writing skills. In 1927, Paul was paralyzed and then blind. The raging disease finally bound this passionate warrior to his bed. Paul also had the idea of ????suicide for a time, but he quickly got out of the trough. This man who was paralyzed, blind and had no writing experience began his heroic career - literary creation. Paul endured great physical and mental pain. He first wrote in a cardboard frame, and later dictated it himself and asked others to record it for him. With the help of his mother and wife, the novel "How Steel Was Tempered" which he wrote with his life was finally published in 1934! Paul picked up new weapons and started a new life.

﹝Just simplify it a bit, 4 articles can be divided into 4 parts﹞　　　　　　　2. Appreciation of the Work

The events described in "How the Steel Was Tempered" took place in the historical period from 1915 to the early 1930s. Paul Korchagin is the central character that the author focuses on shaping, and he is also the most successful image of a communist fighter in the book. He went from spontaneous to conscious under the influence of the old Bolshevik Zhukhlai. He understood the social roots of unequal life and understood that in order to overthrow the old world, he must become a "brave and strong class brother" and a "steel warrior who fights resolutely."

While actively participating in the great struggle to defend the Soviet power, he realized that only when a person is connected with the motherland can he create miracles. He once said: "I agree with revolutionaries who believe that personal matters cannot be compared with the collective cause." Paul always put the interests of the party and the motherland first. In that era of blood and fire, Paul always put the interests of the party and the motherland first. Paul and his father and brothers galloped on the battlefield together, and in order to defend the Soviet regime, they fought tirelessly against foreign armed interventionists and white bandits. In those years when he was healing the wounds of war and restoring the national economy, Paul devoted all his enthusiasm to peaceful labor. His hard-working and desperate spirit showed the noble qualities of the first generation of builders. Paul never surrendered. He is always ready to bear the heaviest blow to himself. He has withstood all tests, and he has also withstood the test in dealing with issues such as friendship, love and family, showing lofty communist moral principles. After Paul became paralyzed and blind, he was very distressed and could not extricate himself. He had suicidal thoughts, and the plot of the story reached a very tense level. Suicide is tantamount to betraying the revolution - because of this, the muzzle of the pistol "glared contemptuously into Paul's eyes", so he condemned himself with a ruthless and stern attitude: "Brother, what do you usually say? A heroic career turns out to be all about words! ...Have you ever tried to overcome this kind of life! ...Have you tried your best to break out of this iron ring? Even when life is really unbearable? Find a way to survive. There is nothing more terrible than falling behind. "For a blind young Communist, all he needs in life is to continue to work for the party. He overcame the blow of tragic fate with strong perseverance and began his struggle to return to the team. Paul also used his whole life to practice his life principles: "The most precious thing for a person is life, and everyone has only one life. A person's life should be spent like this: when he looks back on the past, he will not be disappointed because of wasted years. Regret, and not be ashamed of inaction; in this way, when he is dying, he can say: 'My whole life and all my energy have been dedicated to the most magnificent cause in the world - the struggle for the liberation of mankind. '" This is a true portrayal of Paul's fighting life and a profound summary of his revolutionary optimism.

　3. Thoughts after reading

“The most precious thing for a person is life, and life is only once for us. A person’s life should be spent like this. When he looks back on the past, he He does not regret wasting his years, nor is he ashamed of doing nothing - so that when he is dying, he can say: My whole life and all my energy have been dedicated to the most magnificent cause in the world - for Struggle for the liberation of mankind." This sentence has inspired many young people to devote their lives to the revolutionary cause. Recently I had the pleasure of reading Ostrovsky's "How the Steel Was Tempered". It made me feel the strong Paul's persistence in life, his thirst for life and his belief in the victory of the revolution in the face of a miserable life. Paul was born in a poor family. During the revolution, he devoted himself to it and experienced tens of thousands of setbacks, the grief of losing relatives and friends, and then the pain of blindness, which eventually paralyzed his body. What great power awakened him and made him still selfless in his work? That is a strong fighting spirit that is harder than steel and a positive and optimistic attitude towards life. Although he is disabled, his life is eternal. Only through countless trials can you have a wonderful and perfect life. Ostrovsky once said: Life can burn or decay. I will burn my life until it is ashes. Aren't there countless strong people in history who lived like this? People who didn't lose hope in life because of physical disabilities but worked hard to become talented by themselves? Beethoven also said: Seize fate by the throat. Paul has already choked his fate to the ground. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Sun Bin had his kneecaps amputated. He refused to settle for his disability, so he worked hard to read military books and finally wrote "Sun Bin's Art of War".

We cannot predict the future, but whether it is flat or bumpy, I will overcome it without hesitation, because Paul told me: Those who temper will become stronger!