The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a blue warning of sandstorms. How are sandstorms formed?

The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a blue warning of sandstorms at 06: 00 on the same day: it is expected that there will be sandstorms in the southern Xinjiang basin from 08: 00 to 18 on March 8. So, how is the sandstorm formed?

The formation of sandstorm weather generally requires three basic conditions: dust on the ground, strong wind and unstable air state. The main conditions for the formation of sandstorms are favorable weather or strong winds, as well as the distribution of dust and unstable air conditions. Strong wind is the driving force of sandstorm, and dust is the material basis of sandstorm. Unstable thermal conditions lead to unstable air state and strong convection development, thus rolling up ground dust and flying in the air. Sandstorm weather is usually formed in dry and hot weather. In addition, soil water content is also one of the important reasons that affect soil wind erosion. Unreasonable utilization of water resources leads to uneven distribution of water resources in the east and west.

In addition to the above three factors, human production activities and other factors are also very important to the formation of sandstorms. Such as human overgrazing, deforestation, industrial and mining traffic construction, large-scale construction and other damage to the surface, providing fine sand and dust for the occurrence and development of sandstorms.

There are many hazards caused by sandstorms: First, people and animals die, buildings collapse and agricultural production is reduced. Second, air pollution and topsoil loss. There are at least 38 chemical elements in the dust falling from sandstorm, which greatly increases the concentration of atmospheric solid pollutants, especially after the surface soil on which crops depend is scraped away, the barren land will seriously affect the yield of crops.

So how do we prevent sandstorms?

First, rational use of water resources, South-to-North Water Diversion and balanced water use. Second, actively plant trees, return farmland to forests, restore vegetation, strengthen biological protection system and prevent sandstorms. Protect and restore forest and grass vegetation according to law, prevent further expansion of land desertification, strengthen forest fire prevention, and minimize dust sources. Third, adjust measures to local conditions, formulate different disaster prevention, disaster prevention and relief plans according to different regions, actively promote various disaster reduction technologies, build demonstration projects, and gradually improve the regional comprehensive defense system from point to area. Fourth, control population growth, reduce the pressure of human factors on land and protect the environment. Fifth, strengthen the popular science propaganda on the relationship between the occurrence and harm of sandstorms and human activities, so that people can realize that once the living environment is destroyed, it will be difficult to recover, which will not only aggravate natural disasters such as sandstorms, but also form a vicious circle, and people should consciously protect their living environment.