What does Xie do?

Xie (1917.4.3-1995.8.24), born in Xintian, Hunan Province, is a meteorologist, a great master and the founder of meteorological field in China.

In 32 years of the Republic of China (1943), he obtained a master's degree from Zhejiang university, 1949 received a doctorate from the University of Chicago, 1952 joined the Jiu San Society, and 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.

Xie Yisheng engaged in meteorological education and scientific research, devoted himself to the study of disastrous weather and climate, and made great contributions to the meteorological modernization of China and the development of world meteorological science.

Chinese name: Xie

Nationality: China.

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of birth: Xintian County, Hunan Province

Date of birth:1965438+April 3, 2007.

Date of death:1August 24, 995.

Occupation: educational and scientific research worker

Graduate school: Tsinghua University.

Main achievements: 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.

Representative works: Meteorology and Meteorological Foundation.

The life of the character

In the sixth year of the Republic of China (19 17), Xie was born into an intellectual family in Xintian County, Hunan Province. His father was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. When I was young, I studied at Nanyang Public College in Shanghai, and won the first place in studying in Britain at my own expense in Hunan Province. After returning to China, he successively served as a professor in Hunan Higher Institute of Technology, Northeastern University and Guangxi University, and concurrently served as the dean of Engineering College of Guangxi University. Xie's brother graduated from Southeast University and was once a professor and vice provost of Hunan University. Xie lost his mother in his early years and was raised by his grandmother.

In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), he entered the junior middle school of the Experimental School of Central University, and was later promoted to Yangzhou Middle School and Senior Middle School.

In the winter of the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), my brother resolutely transferred him to the experimental middle school of Nanjing Central University (now high school affiliated to nanjing normal university) to teach him how to read and how to establish mathematical thinking.

In the summer of 24 years (1935), Xie was admitted to Tsinghua University Science College with excellent results, hoping to study astrophysics.

In the twenty-seventh year of the Republic of China (1938), I resumed my studies at Kunming Southwest Associated University and decided to study meteorology.

In 29 years (1940), after graduation, he became an observer of Guizhou Meteorological College.

In the 30 years of the Republic of China (194 1), Xie entered the graduate school of Zhejiang University, and then moved to Zunyi, Guizhou Province, where he studied under Professor Tu, engaged in the study of local weather and climate change. He is the author of "Guizhou Climate" and "Research on Flood and Drought Period in Qing Dynasty".

In 32 years (1943), he graduated with a master's degree and worked as a technician in central weather bureau. He is engaged in the business guidance of local stations, patrolling meteorological stations in Shaanxi, Sichuan, Guangxi and other places, helping to organize training courses for observers and expanding meteorological observation networks.

In the thirty-fourth year of the Republic of China (1945), the United States formulated a training plan for wartime scientific and technological personnel and provided training funds for one year. After passing the exam, Xie entered the University of Chicago and worked as an intern in the medium-range weather forecast department of the US Meteorological Administration. At the end of the term, he won a scholarship from the University of Chicago and went to the United States for further study.

From 65438 to 0949, Xie obtained a doctorate in philosophy with his thesis "Analysis of Selected Cases of Cold Vortex in North America" and stayed in the university for postdoctoral research.

/kloc-0 returned to China in September, 1950 and served as an associate professor in the Department of Meteorology of Tsinghua University.

1952, the college was transferred to the physics department of Peking University after adjustment, and was promoted to professor, and was later appointed as the deputy director of the physics department to preside over the meteorological specialty.

65438-0955 Deputy Director of Physics Department of Peking University, presided over meteorological professional work.

1959 Established the Department of Geophysics of Peking University as Deputy Director. During the "Cultural Revolution", Xie was censored and criticized for no reason. Under the difficult conditions, he still persisted in his belief in the Party, earnestly studied the classic works of Marxism-Leninism, and engaged in scientific research as much as possible.

From 65438 to 0978, Xie was appointed as the head of the Department of Geophysics in Peking University.

1979 In February, he attended the first World Climate Conference held in Geneva, and then led a delegation to Madrid to attend the World Meteorological Education Conference, where he gave a report on meteorological education and science in the new China.

1980 was elected member (academician) of Geology Department of China Academy of Sciences.

198 1, join the China * * * production party.

1In June, 1982, he went to the United States to attend the seminar on comparative investigation of climate and agriculture between North China Plain and American Plain held by Nebraska State University.

In June, 1983, led a delegation of the Chinese Meteorological Society to pay a return visit to Sweden.

1988 At the end of August, I was invited to attend the Paalmann Memorial Science Seminar held in Helsinki.

1August 24, 995, died in Beijing.

Major achievements

achievements in scientific research

● Summary of scientific research

Research on large-scale circulation system

Xie also conducted a basic theoretical study on the large circulation system. In the article "Stable and Unstable Baroclinic Planetary Waves", the concept of spatial instability is introduced from the actual flow field instead of the assumed flat westerly airflow, and the time stability of planetary waves is discussed, thus the traditional baroclinic instability theory is revised and developed.

The conceptual model of tropospheric cold vortex development put forward in Dr. Xie's thesis "A Case Study of North American Cold Vortex" has been widely cited in atmospheric circulation monographs and textbooks at home and abroad. In 1950s, he discovered the multiple structures of East Asian front and jet, and made clear the existence of East Asian subtropical high jet and its interaction with polar front jet. This work was later confirmed by Japanese meteorologists, and the double jet and its interaction are still important topics in the study of atmospheric circulation.

Study on precipitation weather system and wet baroclinic weather dynamics in East Asia

1954, after the Yangtze River basin suffered a severe flood, Xie accepted central weather bureau's "China Summer Precipitation Research Project", made a lot of analysis on cold and warm fronts, eddies, plum rains and monsoons, and put forward conceptual models of these systems, which were confirmed by later studies.

During 1975, a torrential rain occurred in Henan. Later, the Meteorological Bureau of North 13 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions was organized to carry out large-scale rainstorm weather forecast research; The concept of wet baroclinic and the system theory of wet baroclinic weather dynamics are also put forward. The theory emphasizes the importance of the release of latent heat of condensation to the feedback of atmospheric motion, and the calculated baroclinic unstable wavelength is consistent with the actual analysis results. The concept of "wet available potential energy" introduced by him in the open system has developed into a new method of rainstorm diagnosis and forecast, which significantly improved the accuracy of summer precipitation forecast in northern China in the 1980 s.

Study on tropical atmospheric circulation and typhoon

When studying the precipitation problem in China, Xie particularly emphasized the importance of tropical circulation. In the early 1960s, he found that the East Asian monsoon oscillated for about a month, which was later confirmed by international research and became the focus of research. In 1970s, he proposed that most heavy rains in China occurred in the process of circulation interaction in the middle and low latitudes, and gave a conceptual model of the interaction, which was successful in the practice of rainstorm forecasting in the north.

In the study of typhoon, in 1950s, he got the governing equation of typhoon movement, which provided a theoretical basis for the principle of turning flow of typhoon movement. In 1960s, he discovered that most typhoons in the western Pacific occurred in the equatorial belt, and put forward the theory of shear instability on the equatorial belt where typhoons formed, which enriched the dynamic theory of typhoon formation.

● Major projects

● Scientific research award

1985 won the second prize of national scientific and technological progress for its great social and economic benefits in weather forecasting, and 1978 won the national science conference award for its series of research achievements in tropical meteorology and dynamics.

personnel training

In the 1950s, Xie personally compiled the lecture notes for courses such as Meteorology, Medium and Long-term Weather Forecast and Atmospheric Circulation. He attaches importance to the cultivation of students' research ability and adheres to the style of integrating theory with practice. In teaching practice, he attached great importance to the construction of the course Meteorological Observation, and cultivated and established a strong meteorological observation teaching team. Among his students, there are academicians of China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering, national model workers, winners of the May 1 Labor Medal, and leaders and business backbones of meteorological departments, scientific research units and universities. These students are meteorologist Lei Yushun.

Honor recognition

1988 won the Paalmann international prize in Finland, and 1990 was awarded the honorary certificate of educational research for more than 40 years by the State Education Commission.

1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.

social service

Xie has served as vice chairman, honorary chairman and editor-in-chief of China Meteorological Society. 1982 was elected honorary member of the Royal Meteorological Society. Xie is a member of the evaluation team of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee. He used to be the head of the Earth Science Group, a member of the Evaluation Group of the National Science Foundation, the head of the Atmospheric Science Group and the head of the Earth Science Group.

Personality assessment

As an outstanding meteorologist and educator, Mr. Xie has made pioneering contributions to the cause of meteorological science in China and the world. His outstanding achievements and noble character in all historical stages of his life will always be a model for the world and inspire others to learn. (Comments by Lin Jianhua, Executive Vice President of Peking University, and Yu Rucong, Deputy Director of China Meteorological Bureau)

The hard work of meteorological educators represented by Mr. Wang has delivered a steady stream of talents for the cause of meteorological science in China. (Comments by Wang Huijun, Director of lasg)

Influenced by China's excellent traditional culture, Xie lived a simple life, worked hard and had a strong sense of national pride. He also accepted the enterprising spirit of the west, which is brave in exploration and not superstitious about authority. In extreme isolation, he adhered to principles, sought truth from facts and was not discouraged by setbacks. During the period of reform and opening up, he actively carried out friendly exchanges with foreign countries in science and technology and talents, and made positive contributions to the scientific and technological progress in China. (Review by Jiu San Society)

Commemoration of future generations

On September 22nd, 2007, Xie's 90th birthday commemorative meeting and the bronze statue inauguration ceremony were held in Peking University. The Department of Atmospheric Sciences of Peking University also organized and published the Collection of Commemorative Works of Academician Xie Yiqibing, and the Journal of Meteorology also published a special commemorative issue.