Look for information about clouds, and check the types of clouds and their formation process.

Thin and scattered, with fibrous tissue, such as feathers, loose hair or ponytails, hanging high without clouds, orange or red at sunrise and sunset.

Cirrus clouds,

Hook cloud,

"Clouds are hanging in the sky and rain is dripping on the ground" is a harbinger of rain.

"Hook cloud dissipates, and sunny days are drier", "Winter hook cloud, dry dust" Hook cloud appears after rain or winter, and it will appear sunny or frost continuously.

Thick cirrus clouds,

Pseudosclerosis,

(2) cirrostratus is extended and sunny; Shrinkage, rain.

It is the highest and whitest cloud curtain. When the sun or moon is covered, its outline can still be seen, and a halo often appears around it. There must be cirrocumulus in the dizzy place, but the thick cirrocumulus is pulled to the horizon like a curtain.

Hairy tendrils,

Even cirrostratus,

(3) thistle-sunny day.

This kind of cloud rarely appears and occasionally covers the whole day. Fishermen call it mackerel day, because the sky seems to be covered with fish scales, and the individuals are small, white and cloudless, and sometimes wavy. Cirrocumulus mostly appears at the same time as Cirrus or cirrostratus.

(4) High-level clouds-thickening, darkening and raining.

Most of the high-level clouds are covered all day, and when they gradually become thick and low, people feel gloomy. There is usually a light rain before it becomes a cumulonimbus cloud.

Transparent stratospheric clouds,

Shade the upper clouds,

(5) Cumulus clouds-the weather is good, often after heavy rain.

The individuals of the altocumulus are larger than those of cirrocumulus, with clouds in the center, which are often connected into one piece, with wavy bottoms, long rows, or checkerboards, with many styles.

Translucent cumulus clouds,

Shadow cumulus,

Podoid cumulus,

Cumulonimbus super cumulonimbus,

Fortress cumulus,

"Battery cloud, rain" means that the air is unstable, and there are thunderstorms every 8~ 10 hours.

Flocculent cumulus,

(6) Stratocumulus-there may be thunderstorms, and then it will clear up.

Individuals are larger than cumulus clouds, with softer appearance and less obvious structure. If connected together, there are wavy lines and alternating gray shadows at the bottom.

Translucent stratocumulus,

Shadow stratocumulus,

Cumulonimbus stratocumulus,

(7) Stratus clouds-drizzling and sunny.

Stratocumulus is a uniform gray-white low cloud that looks like fog, but does not touch the ground. When shrouded in the middle of the mountain, the edge has a downward posture, and there is dense fog.

Stratospheric clouds,

Stratus cloud,

(8) nimbostratus-It rains within 4 hours, usually lasting for several hours.

Is a typical bad weather cloud, dark, amorphous, like a broken, so that the sky is dark, whatever belongs to the persistent, must have fallen in the nimbostratus.

(9) Cumulus clouds-scattered and sunny; Large gathering, heavy rain.

It looks like a pile of cotton, with a bumpy top and a bulge like a mound, cauliflower or tower. When the sun shines obliquely, the bright and dark sides of cumulus clouds are obvious. If it is in the same direction as the sunlight, the center is dark and the edges are particularly bright.

Pale cumulus clouds,

Cumulus,

(10) Cumulonimbus clouds-strong storms, lightning.

It is the thickest and largest cloud, with extremely high vertical extension and dark bottom, which is difficult to distinguish. The top rises like a mountain or tower, and there are often anvil-shaped pseudo-cirrus clouds protruding like huge feather fans. When the cumulonimbus clouds reach the zenith, there will be a thunderstorm soon.

Bare cumulonimbus clouds,

Bristle cumulonimbus clouds,

Anvil cumulonimbus,

Cumulonimbus clouds hang at the bottom of spherical clouds,

Ten strange clouds in nature

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The scientific classification of clouds was first put forward by the French naturalist Jean-Baptist Lamarck in 180 1 year. The earliest classification of clouds was put forward by Sir Howard of England in 1803, and was later revised by Renault of France and Hidebrandsson of Sweden. 1929, according to the classification made by British scientist luke howard in 1803, the international meteorological organization classified clouds into four families and ten genera according to their shapes, components and formation reasons.

According to the classification of cloud pictures in China, clouds are divided into low, medium and high levels from the bottom to the ground, and then divided into 10 genera and 29 species according to their macroscopic characteristics, physical structure and causes.

(1) cirrus cloud

Thin and scattered, with fibrous tissue, such as feathers, loose hair or ponytails, hanging high without clouds, orange or red at sunrise and sunset.

Cirrus is the tallest cloud. It appears before the sun reaches the horizon in the morning. This is very common under clear skies in summer. Because the clouds are too high, cirrus clouds are easy to evaporate and will not reach the ground. Even if small water droplets are produced, they will not feel the rain on the ground, which symbolizes that it will be sunny all day. The appearance of cirrus indicates that the weather is stable, but if it continues to develop systematically and evolves into cirrostratus, it indicates that the weather will change. Sometimes it is generated at the highest height where clouds can be generated, and the cloud bottom is generally 4500 to 10000 meters. According to its shape and structure, cirrus clouds can be divided into four types: cirrus clouds, hook cirrus clouds, pseudo cirrus clouds and dense cirrus clouds.

(2) cirrostratus

It is the highest and whitest cloud curtain. When the sun or moon is covered, its outline can still be seen, and a halo often appears around it. There must be cirrocumulus in the dizzy place, but the thick cirrocumulus is pulled to the horizon like a curtain.

The altitude of cirrostratus is between 5500 and 8000 meters. Cirrostratus can be divided into cirrostratus and cirrostratus.

When cirrostratus appeared, beautiful colored apertures sometimes appeared around the sun and the moon, with red inner layer and purple outer layer. This aperture is called halo. Solar and lunar halos often appear on the cirrostratus, which is a sign of heavy rain. So there is a saying that the sun is dizzy in the middle of the night and the moon is dizzy at noon. When cirrostratus is accompanied by dizziness, the weather will get worse.

(3) cirrocumulus

This kind of cloud rarely appears and occasionally covers the whole day. Fishermen call it mackerel day, because the sky seems to be covered with fish scales, and the individuals are small, white and cloudless, and sometimes wavy. Cirrocumulus mostly appears at the same time as Cirrus or cirrostratus. Cirrocumulus is about 5500 meters above sea level.

(4) Stratospheric clouds

Most of the high-level clouds are covered all day, and when they gradually become thick and low, people feel gloomy. There is usually a light rain before it becomes a cumulonimbus cloud. The height of stratospheric clouds is about 2,500-4,500 meters, and sometimes it can be as high as 6,000 meters in summer in southern China. High-level clouds mostly appear in mid-latitude areas. Its appearance indicates that there is an updraft in this area. In cold months, the appearance of high-level clouds indicates the arrival of moving cyclones, forming long-term fixed rainfall or snowfall. In summer, high-level clouds are associated with storms or tropical cyclones. High-level clouds include transparent high-level clouds and shading high-level clouds.

On the contrary, cumulus clouds also rose in nimbostratus.

(5) Cumulus clouds

The individuals of the altocumulus are larger than those of cirrocumulus, with clouds in the center, which are often connected into one piece, with wavy bottoms, long rows, or checkerboards, with many styles. The height of cumulus is about 2500 ~ 4500 meters (in summer, it can sometimes be as high as 8000 meters in southern China), which can be divided into translucent cumulus, shadow cumulus, pod cumulus, cumulus-like cumulus, flocculent cumulus and fort cumulus.

(6) Stratocumulus

Individuals are larger than cumulus clouds, with softer appearance and less obvious structure. If connected together, there are wavy lines and alternating gray shadows at the bottom. Stratocumulus can be divided into translucent stratocumulus, shadow stratocumulus, cumulus stratocumulus, fort stratocumulus, bean stratocumulus and so on. Stratocumulus clouds are mostly like giant rollers, and the bottom of the clouds represents the nest layer. The common sea of clouds in mountainous areas is mostly stratocumulus.

(7) Stratus clouds

Stratocumulus is a uniform gray-white low cloud that looks like fog, but does not touch the ground. When shrouded in the middle of the mountain, the edge has a downward posture and there is dense fog. Stratocumulus can be divided into stratocumulus and stratocumulus. Sometimes it rains in Mao Mao, and it snows in winter. Clouds don't last long, maybe a few hours. When the stratocumulus is blown away by the wind or tends to disappear, it is often divided into irregular fragments, which are called stratocumulus (gray or grayish white, and will clear up when it appears).

(viii) nimbostratus.

Is a typical bad weather cloud, dark, amorphous, like a broken, so that the sky is dark, whatever belongs to the persistent, must have fallen in the nimbostratus. Nimbostratus is a kind of low cloud, which mostly appears in warm front cloud system. It is formed by the upward sliding cooling of the whole layer of humid air system in nimbostratus, often accompanied by continuous rainfall. The height of cloud base in nimbostratus is about 600-3000m, and the thickness of cloud can reach 4000m-5000m, which mostly appears in warm front cloud system and is formed by the whole layer of wet air system sliding and cooling.

(9) Cumulus clouds

It looks like a pile of cotton, with a bumpy top and a bulge like a mound, cauliflower or tower. When the sun shines obliquely, the bright and dark sides of cumulus clouds are obvious. if

In the same direction as the sun, the center is dark and the edges are particularly bright.

(10) Cumulonimbus clouds

It is the thickest and largest cloud, with extremely high vertical extension and dark bottom, which is difficult to distinguish. The top rises like a mountain or tower, and there are often anvil-shaped pseudo-cirrus clouds protruding like huge feather fans. When the cumulonimbus clouds reach the zenith, there will be a thunderstorm soon.

The word "product" means that the shape of the cloud is massive (regardless of size), while the word "layer" means that the sky is full of gloomy clouds. The higher the clouds, the better the weather. In the polar regions, the same type of clouds will appear in the sky at lower altitudes.

Cirrus: a high-level bunchy cloud formed by ice crystals, which is why it looks pure white. Often called ponytail cloud. They usually mean sunny weather, 5000-9000 meters high.

Cirrostratus: It is made of ice particles and looks like white clouds. These are the only clouds that glow around the sun or the moon. If cirrostratus expands, it means the weather is fine; If cirrostratus shrinks, it means it will rain; If the sky is covered with cirrus clouds, the sky above the cirrus clouds will darken and gradually form a cirrocumulus, which indicates the coming of rain and snow.

Cirrocumulus: Small round cumulus clouds that look like ripples are often called "fish scale sky". Usually, the altitude is between 5 000 and 8 000 meters, which usually indicates sunny weather.

High-level cloud: It looks like a gray curtain in the sun or moonlight. If wet air approaches, the cloud disk disappears, and the clouds become thicker and darker until it rains, and the height can reach 2500 ~ 6000 meters.

Altocumulus: Similar to cirrocumulus, it means good weather, but it covers a wider area, and the clouds are thicker and dark white. It usually appears after heavy rain and is suspended at an altitude of 5 000~6 000 meters.

Stratocumulus: A low-level tiled cloud that usually covers the whole sky. Clouds are thin and sunlight can pass through. They may bring thunderstorms, but they usually disappear in the afternoon, leaving a clear and bright blue sky. The height is less than 2500 meters.

Stratus clouds: clouds are the lowest, hanging in the air like dense fog. When they first appeared, they were often mistaken for mountain fog. They are not natural rain clouds, but they can also form Mao Mao rain. If it gets thicker and thicker at night and covers the morning sky, it will usually be sunny and the height will not exceed 2500 meters.

Nimbostratus: It's a low-level dark cloud hanging in the air, which means it will rain within 4 hours, usually lasting for several hours.

Cumulus: It is easy to identify, fluffy white clouds, like floc, floating in the air. If we are separated, it will mean another beautiful sunny day, but if it gets bigger and bigger and there are more and more front ends, it is likely to bring a sudden rainstorm. Cumulus clouds in the blue sky at sea usually indicate that they are not far from land, and the height is generally not more than 2500 meters.

Cumulonimbus: It's a low-level Lei Yun with dark clouds. The tower cloud can be as high as 6,000 meters, and the flat cloud at the top is called anvil cloud. Cumulonimbus clouds often bring strong storms and lightning. The upper layer resembles a false cirrus cloud and the top layer resembles a false rain cloud.

"There are clouds hanging in the sky, and rain is dripping on the ground": Hook clouds are called hook clouds in meteorology, and generally appear in front of warm fronts and low pressure, indicating that warm fronts or low pressure are coming, which is a precursor to rain. But after rain or winter, there will be sunny days or frost, so there is a proverb that "the hook cloud dissipates, the sunny day is dry" and "the winter hook cloud dries up"

"battery cloud, rain": battery cloud refers to fort-shaped altocumulus or fort-shaped stratocumulus, which mostly appears in front of the trough of low pressure, indicating that the air is unstable, and thunderstorms usually come every 8~ 10 hours.

"Clouds pass through clouds, and it rains": Clouds pass through clouds, which means that the moving directions of the upper and lower clouds are inconsistent, that is to say, the height and wind direction of clouds are inconsistent, which often occurs near the front or low pressure, so it indicates rain, and sometimes the wind direction of clouds is opposite to the ground, so there is a saying that "the sky changes when the clouds go against the wind".

"The river pig crosses the river with heavy rain": The river pig refers to the broken rain clouds under nimbostratus. The appearance of this cloud indicates that there is enough water vapor in nimbostratus, and a rainstorm is coming. Sometimes broken rain clouds will be blown to cloudless places by strong winds on sunny days, and at night, clouds like river pigs will be seen floating across the "Galaxy", which is also a precursor to rain.

"Cotton cloud, rain is coming": Cotton cloud refers to flocculent cumulus clouds. The appearance of this cloud shows that the middle atmosphere is very unstable. If there is enough water vapor in the air and there is upward movement, cumulonimbus clouds will form and there will be thunderstorms.

"Gray cloth hangs over the sky, and the rain will continue": Gray cloth cloud refers to nimbostratus, which is mostly formed by the reduction and thickening of high-level clouds. The range is very large and thick, and the water vapor in the cloud is sufficient, which often produces continuous precipitation.

"Cloud to the east, chariots and horses to; The clouds go south and the water rises; Clouds to the west, covered with hemp fiber; Clouds going north are good for drying wheat ":according to the moving direction of clouds, it is predicted that the weather will be fine, and the clouds will move east and north, indicating that the weather will be fine;" "The clouds move west and south, which indicates that it's going to rain. The moving direction of a cloud usually indicates the wind direction at its height. This proverb describes the distribution of clouds in different parts of low pressure. Suitable for low-altitude fast-moving clouds that are densely covered all day.

"The clouds are heading east, blowing gusts; Clouds go west, covered with hemp fiber ":The cloud here refers to the low cloud in the low-pressure area. The low pressure is from west to east (in fact, it often moves from southwest to northeast). The cloud goes west, indicating that this place is in front of the low pressure, because it will rain locally; The cloud is moving eastward, indicating that the low pressure has moved past the local area, and the local area is behind the low pressure. The weather is going to clear up, and a strong wind often blows before it clears up.

"Dark clouds catch the sunset, not today, but tomorrow": When the sun goes down, a wall-like dark cloud rises under the western horizon to catch the sun, indicating that the dark cloud moves eastward, and the rainy weather in the west is moving and it is going to rain. Generally speaking, if there are clouds, it will rain that night; If you catch the high clouds, it will rain the next day. However, if the dark clouds in the west are lumpy or discontinuous, or some areas are cloudy, it is not a sign of rain in the future.

"The northwest sky opens the lock, and the sun shines brightly": It means that on rainy days, the clouds in the northwest direction crack and reveal a blue sky, which is called "the sky opens the lock". This shows that the local area is already at the back of the rainy weather system. As the rainfall system moves eastward, the local rainfall will stop and the weather will improve.

"It's sunny now, but I can't see it for three days": In spring and summer, at noon on rainy days, the clouds split and the sun appeared, but the clouds quickly gathered and became thicker, indicating that the local area was affected by the quasi-static front, and the airflow near the quasi-static front was strong and changeable. When the updraft is strengthened, the clouds become thicker and the rainfall increases; When the updraft weakens, the clouds become thinner and the rainfall decreases or stops; Around noon, the sun shines strongly, the upper part of the cloud is heated and evaporated, or the updraft below the cloud weakens, and the zenith cloud will split. As the solar radiation weakens or the updraft under the cloud strengthens, the split clouds gather again and become thicker. So "the sun appears now" often indicates that it will continue to rain. This proverb is similar to other proverbs, such as "The sun smiles, the temples are drenched" and "The Yi Deng shines, and it falls ten feet".

"Fish scales in the sky, no need to turn over the grain tomorrow" (Wayun will burn people): Carp spots refer to translucent cumulus clouds, and the air mass that produces this cloud is stable. In the evening, when it encounters downdraft, the clouds quickly dissipate, and the next day is sunny. However, if the cloud looks like a tiny fish scale, it is cirrocumulus. This kind of cloud mostly appears in front of the trough of low pressure or around the typhoon, and there will be wind or rain in the near future. Therefore, there is a proverb "It doesn't rain, but it's windy".

"Where the cloud hook goes, where the wind comes from": the cloud hook refers to the tail of the hooked cloud, which appears in the sky, and sometimes there are small hooks at the top, arranged in rows. The upper hook refers to the direction of the high-altitude wind, which is often connected with the ground, so the direction of the cloud hook can generally tell the direction of the wind.

"Dark clouds cover the morning, and the wind will come even if it doesn't rain": It means that there are dark clouds covering the sun in the southeast in the morning, which indicates rain. Because the warm and humid southeast wind blows in the morning, the temperature is higher than the local air, which causes the upper part to be cold and the lower part to be hot, and the water vapor easily rises into clouds. In addition, during the day, the ground is heated, and the air convection rises, which further promotes the clouds to rise. When it meets cold water vapor, it becomes water droplets, which may make it windless and rainy.

"Huang Yun is flying up and down, and it's going to lay ice eggs": Huang Yun is mostly caused by the strong rise of warm and humid airflow. In this case, there are many showers and hail.

"When the mountain wears a hat, it rains heavily": When the mountain wears a hat, it shows that the air pressure is low, and most of the water vapor in the air forms clouds at the top of the mountain. As for whether it will rain, it generally depends. If the clouds gradually decrease and thicken, there is a great possibility of rain. On the contrary, if the clouds gradually rise and thin, the possibility of rain is small.

"Clouds eat under fog, and fog eats clear clouds": After seeing fog, clouds come, and maybe low pressure comes, which is a sign of rain. On the contrary, if the clouds clear, it means that the low pressure has passed and sunny weather is coming.

"The setting sun shines at the foot, and the rain falls within three days": It means that the sun shines down from the cloud gap, which is called "the sun shines at the foot". The sun shining at the foot appears in the evening, indicating strong convection and rain.

"Don't go out at sunrise, but travel thousands of miles at sunset": There are no clouds in the east and clouds in the west in the morning. Sunlight shines on the clouds and scatters rosy clouds, indicating that there is a lot of water vapor in the air or a rainfall system moves in. During the day, the air is generally unstable and the weather will turn rainy. If there is a sunset glow in the evening, it means that the sky in the west has cleared up, and the general convection is weakened at night. The clouds in the east that form the rosy clouds will move eastward or tend to dissipate, saying that it will be fine tomorrow.

"Long sunny, foggy and cloudy, long cloudy and foggy and sunny": refers to the appearance of fog after a long sunny day, indicating that the warm and humid airflow moves and the air is humid, which is a sign of cloudy and rainy; Fog appears after a long period of cloudy days, indicating that the clouds in the sky become thinner, split and dissipate, and the ground temperature drops, so that water vapor condenses into radiation fog. When the fog disappears after sunrise, there will be sunny days.

"Pagoda clouds in the morning, and it rains cats and dogs in the afternoon": If castle clouds appear on the horizon in the morning of warm season, it means that the humid atmosphere at this height is already very unstable. At noon, once the low-level convection develops and the upper and lower unstable layers combine, strong convection will occur, forming cumulonimbus clouds and causing thunderstorms.

In addition, clouds with weather omen often have certain continuity, seasonality and locality in the evolution process. Clouds in the sky move from a distance in the order of cirrus, cirrostratus, stratosphere and nimbostratus, and gradually change from less to more, from high to low, from thin to thick, indicating that rainy weather is coming; On the contrary, if the clouds change from low to high, from thick to thin, and from layered clouds to scattered clouds, there will be no rainy weather. In the morning of warm season, if there are isolated clouds (light cumulus clouds) with flat bottom and convex top in the sky, or white broken clouds (broken cumulus clouds) with fast moving speed, it indicates that the air in the middle and lower layers is relatively stable and the weather is fine.

In addition, the color of clouds can also indicate some kind of weather. For example, the color of hail cloud is first white and then black, and then red appears in the cloud, forming a white, black and red distorted cloud with khaki edges. Black is caused by the sun's inability to penetrate clouds; White is the result of non-selective scattering or reflection of sunlight by clouds; Red and yellow are the phenomena that some cloud droplets (ranging from one thousandth to one hundredth of a millimeter in diameter) in the cloud selectively scatter sunlight. Sometimes rain clouds are pale yellow, but the color of the clouds is uniform and will not stir.

There are also many proverbs that predict hail from the color and shape of clouds.

For example,

There is a proverb in Inner Mongolia, such as "If you are not afraid of darkness in the clouds, you are afraid of darkness in the clouds and white worms in Huang Yun".

There is a saying, "Yellow clouds turn, hail days; Stir clouds and hail in groups; There are proverbs such as "When clouds fight, it will hail" and "The dark clouds in Huang Yun are red, the clouds toss and turn, and there are many hail disasters".

There are also some sayings, such as "the dark clouds roll into a ball in the afternoon, and the wind, rain and hail come together", "The sky is yellow and sultry, and the Tianhe water growls to prevent ice eggs", all of which show that when the air convection is strong, the clouds develop rapidly, like smoke, and the clouds roll up and down, which is easy to hail.

Genetic classification of clouds

Clouds form where moist air rises and meets cold air. This may happen in

Front cloud: The warm air mass on the front rises into a cloud.

Cyclone cloud: A cloud generated by the updraft at the center of a cyclone.

Advection cloud: when an air mass passes through a cold underlying surface, such as a cold water body.

Convective cloud: A cloud produced by the convective movement of air.

Topographic clouds: When the air rises along the frontal topography.