Understand Zhejiang

= = = = = Introduction to Zhejiang = = = = =

Zhejiang is named after Zhejiang (also known as Qiantang River), which is the capital of Hangzhou for short. It covers an area of 654.38 million square kilometers and has a population of 46.77 million (2000). Tang belongs to the eastern part of Jiangnan, with one observer in eastern Zhejiang and one observer in western Zhejiang. Two Zhejiang roads were located in the Song Dynasty, and the Southern Song Dynasty was divided into two East Zhejiang roads and two West Zhejiang roads, which were called East Zhejiang Road and West Zhejiang Road for short. Yuan set up the right road of East Zhejiang Sea Road and West Zhejiang Road; Ming set up Zhejiang province, which was the beginning of Zhejiang's name, and later changed to Zhejiang Ministry of Foreign Affairs; The name of Zhejiang Province has not changed since the Qing Dynasty.

Zhejiang Province is a province on the eastern coast of China. Provincial jurisdiction: 1 1 prefecture-level city; 32 municipal districts, 22 county-level cities, 35 counties, 1 autonomous county. There are two sub-provincial cities in Hangzhou and Ningbo, and nine prefecture-level cities in Wenzhou, Shaoxing, Huzhou, Jiaxing, Jinhua, Quzhou, Taizhou, Lishui and Zhoushan.

= = = = = Physical geography = = = = =

Zhejiang Province is located in the south wing of the Yangtze River Delta on the southeast coast of China, bordering the East China Sea in the east, Fujian in the south, Jiangxi and Anhui in the west, and Shanghai and Jiangsu in the north. Qiantang River is the largest river in China, and it is called Jiang because of its twists and turns. The straight-line distance from east to west and north to south is about 450 kilometers, and the land area is10.180,000 square kilometers, accounting for 1.06% of the whole country. It is one of the smallest provinces in China.

The topography of Zhejiang is complex, with hills accounting for 70.4%, plain basins accounting for 23.2%, rivers and lakes accounting for 6.4%, and the cultivated land area is only 20810.7 million hectares. So "seven mountains, one water and two fields". The terrain inclines from southwest to northeast, which can be roughly divided into six terrain areas: northern Zhejiang plain, western Zhejiang hilly area, eastern Zhejiang hilly area, central Jinqu basin, southern Zhejiang mountainous area, southeast coastal plain and coastal islands. There are eight water systems in the province, such as Qiantang River, Oujiang River, Lingjiang River, Tiaoxi River, Yongjiang River, Feiyun River, Aojiang River and Beijing-Hangzhou Canal (Zhejiang section). There are four famous lakes, West Lake in Hangzhou, East Lake in Shaoxing, South Lake in Jiaxing, Dongqian Lake in Ningbo, and Qiandao Lake, an artificial lake.

= = = = = Resource characteristics = = = =

Zhejiang has a subtropical monsoon climate with moderate temperature, four distinct seasons, abundant sunshine and rainfall. The province's average total water resources for many years is 93.7 billion cubic meters, ranking fourth in the country in unit area, but the per capita water resources are only 2004 cubic meters, which is lower than the national average.

Zhejiang is a high-yield comprehensive agricultural area in China, where tea, silk, aquatic products, citrus and bamboo products occupy an important position in the country. The forest coverage rate reached 59.4%, ranking first in the country. Rich in tree species resources, it is known as "the treasure house of southeast plants". There are many kinds of wild animals, of which 123 are listed in the national list of key protected wild animals.

The mineral resources in Zhejiang are mainly nonmetallic minerals. The reserves of stone coal, alunite, pyrophyllite, tuff for cement and construction rank first in China, and fluorite ranks second in China.

The sea area of Zhejiang is 260,000 square kilometers. There are 306/kloc-0 islands with an area of over 500 square meters, which is the province with the largest number of islands in China. Zhoushan Island with an area of 495.4 square kilometers is the fourth largest island in China. The total length of the coastline is 6486.24 kilometers, ranking first in the country, of which the mainland coastline is 2200 kilometers, ranking fifth in the country. The coastline is long and deep, and 290.4 kilometers of deep-water coastline can be built for berths above 10,000 tons, accounting for more than/3 of the national total, and 65,438+berths above 10,000 tons 105.8 kilometers. The continental shelf and basins in the East China Sea have good prospects for oil and gas development.

Zhejiang is rich in tourism resources, and is known as "the land of plenty, the land of silk tea, the country of cultural relics and tourist attractions". There are more than 800 important landforms, more than 200 water landscapes and more than 0/00 biological landscapes in the province. There are more than 0/00 places of human landscape/kloc-.Natural scenery and human landscape complement each other, with obvious characteristics and high popularity.

= = = = = Climatic characteristics = = = = =

In spring, the East Asian monsoon is in the alternate season between the winter wind direction and the summer monsoon. The north-south airflow frequently meets, and the low pressure and frontal activity intensify. The climate in Zhejiang in spring is characterized by cold and rainy weather, frequent coastal and offshore winds, more rain in the whole province and uncertain weather. As the saying goes, "three faces change in spring." The average temperature in spring in Zhejiang is 13 ~ 18℃, and the temperature distribution is decreasing from inland areas to coastal and island areas. The precipitation in the whole province is 320 ~ 700 mm, and the distribution of precipitation gradually decreases from southwest to northeast coastal areas; The rainy days in the whole province are 4 1 ~ 62 days. The main meteorological disasters in spring are rainstorm, hail, strong wind and low temperature in late spring.

In summer, with the establishment of the summer monsoon circulation system, the southeast wind prevails in Zhejiang, and the subtropical high activity in the northwest Pacific has an important influence on the weather in Zhejiang, while the cold air from the north to the south still has a certain influence on the weather in Zhejiang. In the early summer, all parts of Zhejiang have entered the flood season one after another, commonly known as the "Meiyu" season, and the probability of heavy rain and heavy rain increases, which is easy to cause floods; In midsummer, affected by subtropical high, Zhejiang is prone to sunny, hot and rainy weather, leading to drought; Summer is the period with the greatest probability that tropical storms will affect Zhejiang. The summer climate in Zhejiang is characterized by high temperature, abundant precipitation, strong illumination, humid air and frequent meteorological disasters. The average summer temperature in the whole province is 24 ~ 28℃, and the temperature distribution is decreasing from the central area to the surrounding areas. The precipitation is 290 ~ 750 mm in various places, with more precipitation in eastern mountainous areas, such as Kuocang Mountain, Yandang Mountain and Siming Mountain, and less precipitation in islands and central areas. It rains for 32 to 55 days in all parts of the province. The main meteorological disasters in summer are typhoon, rainstorm, drought, high temperature, thunderstorm, strong wind and tornado.

In autumn, the summer monsoon gradually weakens and transitions to the winter monsoon. Cyclone activity is frequent, frontal precipitation is more, and temperature changes greatly. Characteristics of autumn climate in Zhejiang: in early autumn, Zhejiang is prone to intermittent rainy weather, commonly known as "autumn Lasha"; Mid-autumn, controlled by the high-pressure weather system, Zhejiang is prone to high-sky, light-cloud and sunny autumn weather, which is called "Koharu in October"; In late autumn, the influence of cold air in the north began to increase, and the conversion process between cold and warm weather and sunny and rainy weather was frequent, and the temperature fluctuated greatly. The average autumn temperature in the whole province is 16 ~ 2 1℃, with high temperatures in the southeast coastal and central areas and low temperatures in the northwest mountainous areas. The precipitation is 2 10 ~ 430mm, with more precipitation in the central and southern coastal mountainous areas and less precipitation in the northeast, but its interannual variation is great. It rains all over the province for 28 ~ 42 days. The main meteorological disasters in autumn are typhoon, rainstorm, low temperature, rainy weather and fog.

In winter, the strength of winter monsoon in East Asia mainly depends on the activity of Mongolian cold high pressure, while the weather in Zhejiang is affected by the cold air mass in the north (that is, winter monsoon), and there are relatively few types of weather processes. The winter climate in Zhejiang is characterized by abundant sunshine, cold and little rain, and dry air. The average winter temperature in the whole province is 3 ~ 9℃, and the temperature distribution is decreasing from south to north and from east to west. Precipitation 140 ~ 250 mm, except for the northeast islands, there is little difference in other places; The rainy days in all parts of the province are 28 ~ 4 1 day. The main meteorological disasters in winter are cold wave, freezing injury, strong wind, heavy snow and fog.

Optimal travel time

The complex terrain in Zhejiang province leads to different tourist seasons in different parts of Zhejiang.

Generally speaking, spring and autumn are the most suitable seasons to travel to Zhejiang, especially Qiandao Lake in spring makes people wonder if they are in heaven, and of course tourists are indispensable at this time. In summer, western Zhejiang is much cooler than other places in Zhejiang, so western Zhejiang should be the first choice for travel. In winter, most areas in Zhejiang are mainly sunny, cold and dry, and there is little rain. So the biggest advantage of traveling to Zhejiang this season is that it is convenient to travel. Because it is cold and there are few tourists, it provides convenience for photographers.