High school English, please explain the reason in detail

Choose which

hold back vt. hinder, shrink, hide, restrain, conceal hold back 1. keep sth./sb.in place; prevent from *Police horses were used to hold back the crowd. Police cavalry were used to stop the crowd. *If I had not held him back, he would have beaten you soundly． If I hadn't stopped him, he would have beaten you up. 2. restrain oneself; control (sth. such as a feeling) restrain; restrain (expression) * Jim held back his anger and avoided a fight. Jim held back his anger and avoided a fight. *He was so impatient that I could not hold him back． He was very impatient and I couldn't stop him. *I held myself back from saying a word． I restrained myself from saying a word. *Though very angry, I held back from telling him exactly what I thought. Although very angry, I held back from telling him exactly what I thought. 3. delay delay Heavy rain on the road held us back． We were delayed by heavy rain on the way. *We can't hold the meal back for more than half an hour to wait for you． We can't delay the meal time for more than half an hour just because we're waiting for you. 4． retain possession of; keep back keep; withhold *He held the money back from his client. He held the money back from his client. 5． keep from (advancing to the next grade, stage, level, etc.); keep from (advancing to the next grade, stage, level, etc.); keep from (advancing to the next grade, stage, level, etc.) * No one can hold back the wheel of history. The wheel of history moves forward. *You show promise as a musician but your lack of practice is holding you back． You have the potential to be a musician, but you are too lazy to practice and are getting nowhere. 6. stay back or away; show unwillingness; remain behind; retreat; shrink back; hesitate; *When danger appeared, every one of them held back. When danger presents itself, every one of them shrinks back. *We must never hold back before difficulties． We will never back down in the face of difficulties. *She is very shy; she always holds back when we invite her to a party. 7. conceal; keep (a secret, etc.) to oneself conceal; keep (a secret, etc.) *He told me most of the facts of the affair, but I'm sure he's still holding back some important in formation． He told me most of the incident, but I believe he kept some important things from me. *You shouldn't hold anything back from us; we want to know the whole story． You should not hide anything, we need to know the whole truth. *I could tell from his nervousness that he was holding back． Looking at his uneasy look, I knew he was hiding something in his heart.

hold down

1. control or limit the freedom of; keep in obedience; suppress; make obedient *Kings used to know very well how to hold down the people． Kings knew how to make people obey them. 2． keep on the ground or in place fixed on the ground or in place*The police held the man down to prevent him escaping． Police pushed the man to the ground to prevent him from escaping. *We must hold the tents down because of the strong wind． It was very windy and we had to secure the tent. 3. work satisfactorily at; keep (a job) work smoothly; keep (job) *Mr. Wang has held down the tough job for a long time． Mr. Wang has been doing this hard job for a long time. *He seems to be unable to hold any job down． It seemed like he couldn't hold down any job. *My father holds down quite a good job in the university． My dad has a pretty good job at this university. 4.restrain; check; control; keep at a low level*Hold down the noise! Lower your voice a little. *These measures helped to hold down traffic accidents． These measures help reduce traffic accidents. *When Bob gets mad, you can't hold him down. When Bob gets angry, you can't control him. *We should hold down our expenditure． We should cut down on spending. *Last year we had to hold down the enrolment because of the cuts in the grants． We had to compress our enrollment last year due to reduced grant funding. 5.take care of; take care of *Her neighbor held down her family duties while she was out on an errand． While she was away on business, her neighbor took care of her housework.

hold up

1.support; raise; lift; take* My husband has lost so much weight that he has to wear a belt to hold his thousers up. He had lost so much weight that he had to use a belt to pull his pants up. 2． prove true; prove effective or accurate*The police were doubtful at first, but that worker's story held up. The police were skeptical at first, but the worker's account proved it to be true. *The weather forecasts don't always hold up． Weather forecasts are not always accurate. *The contract will hold up for ten years． This contract is valid for 10 years. 3. remain good; not get worse Sales held up well． Sales are going strong. 4. support; keep from falling *Don't worry． The house will hold up. Don't worry, the house won't fall down. *The chair was too weak to hold you up． The chair is not strong and cannot bear your weight.

*How does he hold up under such a responsibility? How could he bear such a huge responsibility? 5. keep up to keep up; not to fall behind*Though it was a long walk, the youngsters held up until the last minute. Although it was a long journey, the children followed until the end and did not fall behind. 6. keep one's courage or spirit up; remain calm; keep control of oneself* The grieving mother held up for her children's sake． This grieving mother is controlling her emotions for the sake of her children. 7. stop for a short time; delay temporarily stop; pause; continue *The policeman held up the traffic to allow pedestrians to cross the road. Police blocked vehicles to allow pedestrians to cross. *Work on the building site has been held up by bad weather． Work on the construction site was delayed due to bad weather. *We were held up for nearly an hour on our way by the traffic accident． We were delayed by a traffic accident on the road for nearly an hour. *The steel strike may hold up production for several months. The steel strike may hold up production for several months. 8. rob*The criminals held up the plane and took all the passengers' money． The gangsters hijacked the plane and robbed the passengers of their money. *That bank has been held up three times． That bank was robbed three times. 9. show…as an example *He was held up to the students as a model of emulation. He was held up to the students as a model of emulation. *Our English teacher held up excellent models of composition for her class to imitate． Our English teacher exhibited excellent compositions in the class for students to imitate. 10． last; maintain in a state; sustain; persist; hold on* I think the car will just about hold up till we reach London. I think the car will just about hold up till we reach London. I think the car will just about hold up till we reach London. *Mr. Black holds up very well, in spite of all the trouble and illness he's had． Despite his many troubles and illness, Mr. Black held on and was doing well. *Smith's bank could hardly hold up in the depression Smith's bank could hardly hold up during the recession.