What is the total population of Chengdu in 2021?

Permanent population 16.581 million It is an important central city in the western region, an important national high-tech industrial base, a trade and logistics center and a comprehensive transportation hub. It is also a national historical and cultural city, the birthplace of the ancient Shu civilization, and one of the top ten ancient capitals in China.

In the fourth century BC, the ninth generation of the Kaiming Dynasty named it Chengdu because "it takes one year to form a gathering, two years to form a city, and three years to form a city, and three years to form a capital." Seven separatist regimes successively established their capitals here. Chengdu is home to Dujiangyan, Wuhou Temple, Du Fu Thatched Cottage, Jinsha Ruins and other places of interest, making it the best tourist city in China. Because Chengdu is located in the Western Sichuan Basin, with a network of rivers and rich products, it has been known as the "Land of Abundance" since ancient times.

On April 16, 2021, Chengdu was rated as one of the top ten digital reading cities. [1] On April 23, Chengdu was listed among the top ten “Beautiful Cities”.

In the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), Chengdu and Huayang counties were merged into a city, a municipal office was established, and the county government was retained. In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), the Chengdu Municipal Government was established, and Chengdu became a provincial municipality and capital.

After the founding of New China, legal provisions were made on the city-governed county system in September 1959, which directly promoted the development of the city-governed county system. The administrative area of ??Chengdu has been adjusted several times, expanding from 29.9 square kilometers to 14,335 square kilometers. [13]

In July 1950, the 14 districts established in the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945) were adjusted to 8 districts, named after ordinal numbers; in August of the following year, Chengdu County and Huayang County After some areas were included, they were adjusted into 6 districts;

In 1952, Chengdu County was abolished, and its administrative areas were merged into Chengdu City and Wenjiang County, Xindu County, Pixian County, and Xinfan County 4 County (approved by the Government Affairs Council on June 21, 1952, Zheng Qi Zi No. 77).

In May 1953, it was adjusted into five districts: Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Wangjiang District, Longtan District and Wannian District.

In 1955, Longtan District and Wannian District were merged into suburban areas (renamed Jinniu District in 1960), and Wangjiang District was merged into Dongcheng District. Since then, Qingbaijiang District, Longquanyi District and Huangtianba offices (district level) have been established one after another.

In September 1958, Chongning County was abolished, the main part was merged into Pixian County, and the other parts were merged into Peng County and Guanxian County.

In July 1965, Xinfan County was abolished and placed under Xindu County. Huayang County was revoked and placed under Shuangliu County.

In 1976, Shuangliu and Jintang counties in Wenjiang area were placed under the jurisdiction of Chengdu City.

In March 1983, 12 counties in the Wenjiang area (Wenjiang, Pixian, Guanxian, Pengxian, Xindu, Shifang, Guanghan, Xinjin, Chongqing, Qionglai, Pujiang, and Dayi) were merged Chengdu city. In August, Guanghan and Shifang were transferred from Chengdu City to Deyang City.

In May 1988, Guan County was removed from the county and renamed county-level Dujiangyan City.

On September 4, 1990, the State Council approved the adjustment of Dongcheng District, Xicheng District and Jinniu District of Chengdu City into Jinjiang District, Qingyang District, Jinniu District, Wuhou District and Chenghua District.

In October 1990, the five districts of Chengdu were adjusted into seven districts: Jinjiang, Qingyang, Jinniu, Wuhou, Chenghua, Longquanyi and Qingbaijiang. [13]

In November 1993, Peng County was abolished and the county-level Pengzhou City was established.

In June 1994, Chongqing County was abolished and the county-level Chongzhou City was established. Qionglai County was abolished and Qionglai City was established at the county level.

In May 1996, Chengdu High-tech Zone began to take charge of the administrative area and became a quasi-administrative area with separate plans.

On November 15, 2001, Xindu County was abolished and Xindu District of Chengdu City was established.

In 2002, Xindu County and Wenjiang County successively removed counties and established districts. [13]

In December 2013, 1 subdistrict and 12 towns in Shuangliu County were placed under the trusteeship of the Chengdu Party Working Committee and Management Committee of Tianfu New District, forming a quasi-administrative area with separate plans, commonly known as Tianfu New Area is under the direct administration of Chengdu. [14]

In December 2015, Shuangliu County was removed from the county and established as a district. [13]

On January 18, 2016, Shuangliu County was abolished and Shuangliu District of Chengdu was established.

In May 2016, the county-level Jianyang City was transferred to Chengdu City. In December, Pixian County was reorganized into a district and renamed Pidu District. [13]

On January 22, 2017, Pixian County was reorganized into a district and renamed Pidu District of Chengdu City.

On May 6, 2020, Chengdu Eastern New District was established. It took charge of some streets (towns) in Jianyang City and formed a quasi-administrative district with separate plans for the third time. [15]

On June 19, 2020, Xinjin County was abolished and Xinjin District of Chengdu was established

Districting details

Chengdu has 20 county-level administrative districts Divisional units (12 municipal districts, 5 county-level cities, 3 counties), 261 township-level administrative divisions (161 streets, 100 towns). It covers an area of ??14,312 square kilometers and has a population of 13.19 million. Chengdu Municipal People's Government is located at No. 2, Jinyue West Road, Wuhou District.

Chengdu is located in the central part of Sichuan Province and the western part of the Sichuan Basin, between 102°54′～104°53′ east longitude and 30°05′～31°26′ north latitude. The city is 192 kilometers long from east to west, from north to south. It is 166 kilometers wide and has a total area of ??14,605 ??square kilometers, including 6.48 million acres of cultivated land. It borders Deyang to the northeast, Ziyang to the southeast, Meishan to the south, Ya'an to the southwest, and Aba Prefecture to the northwest. It is 1,600 kilometers away from the East China Sea and 1,090 kilometers away from the South China Sea. It is an inland area. [3]

In 2016, the city’s land area was 14,335 square kilometers, and the urban area was 4,241.81 square kilometers, of which the built-up area was 837.27 square kilometers.

Chengdu can be divided into plains, hills and mountains according to landform types; according to soil types, it can be divided into 11 categories including paddy soil, fluvoid soil, purple soil, yellow soil and yellow brown soil; according to the current land use type, It is divided into 8 categories including cultivated land, garden land and pasture land. The plain area has a large proportion, reaching 4971.4 square kilometers, accounting for 40.1% of the city's total land area, which is much higher than the national level of 12% and Sichuan Province's 2.54%; the hilly area accounts for 27.6%, and the mountainous area accounts for 32.3%. The land reclamation index is high, with the proportion of usable area reaching 94.2%. The city's average land reclamation index reaches 38.22%, of which the plain area reaches more than 60%, which is much higher than the national level of 10.4% and Sichuan Province's 11.5%. [18]

Geological Characteristics

Chengdu has a long history of geology and relatively complete stratigraphic exposures. The city’s topography is significantly different, with high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The west belongs to the edge of the Sichuan Basin, with deep hills and It is mainly mountainous, with altitudes mostly between 1,000 and 3,000 meters. The highest point is Shuanghe Township, Dayi County, with an altitude of 5,353 meters, and a relative height of about 1,000 meters. The eastern part belongs to the basin bottom plain of the Sichuan Basin, which is the heart of the Chengdu Plain. It is mainly composed of Quaternary impact plains, terraces and some low mountains and hills. It has deep soil layers, fertile soil, a long history of development, high reclamation index, and flat terrain. The altitude is generally around 500 meters. The lowest point is Yunhe Town, Jintang County. 387 meters.

The height difference between the east and west parts of Chengdu is 4,966 meters. Due to the significant difference in surface altitude, it directly results in differences in the spatial distribution of water, heat and other climatic elements. Not only are the air temperature, water temperature, and ground temperature in the western mountains much lower than those in the eastern plains, but there are also obvious differences in heat between the upper and lower mountains. Vertical climate zone, so there are many kinds of biological resources in Chengdu city, complete categories, and relatively concentrated distribution.

Climate Environment

Chengdu is located in the transition zone from the northwest Sichuan Plateau to the Sichuan Basin and has its own unique climate resources.

First, the climate is different between the east and west parts. Due to the huge difference in height between the east and west of Chengdu, the heat decreases sharply with the rapid increase in altitude, so there is a coexistence pattern of two climate types: warm in the east and cool in the west. Moreover, in the mountains around the western basin, the temperature at the same time on the mountain and below can differ by several degrees. degree, and even presents various climate types from bottom to top, such as warm temperate zone, temperate zone, cold temperate zone, subarctic zone, frigid zone, etc. This vertical change in heat creates very favorable conditions for the development of agriculture, especially diversified operations, in Chengdu.

Secondly, it has wet and cold winters, early spring, long frost-free period, distinct four seasons and abundant heat. The annual average temperature is around 16°C, the annual average active accumulated temperature ≥10°C is 4700-5300°C, and the annual frost-free period is 278 days. The first frost period generally occurs at the end of November, and the last frost period usually occurs in late February. The average temperature in the cold month (January) is about 5°C. Weather with the lowest temperature below 0°C mainly occurs in mid-to-late December and early January, with a small amount appearing in mid-to-late January. The average temperature is higher than that at the same latitude. The temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 1 to 2°C, and spring begins half a month earlier.

Third, there is less rain in winter and spring, more rain in summer and autumn, and abundant rainfall. The average annual precipitation is 900 to 1,300 mm, and the inter-annual variation of precipitation is not significant. The ratio of the maximum annual precipitation to the minimum annual precipitation is About 2:1. Fourth, light, heat, and water are basically in the same season, and the combination of climate resources is reasonable, which is very conducive to biological reproduction. Fifth, the wind speed is small, with wind speeds of 1 to 1.5 meters/second in vast plains and hilly areas; there are few sunny days, the sunshine rate is between 24 and 32%, the annual average sunshine hours are 1042 to 1412 hours, and the average annual total solar radiation is 83.0~94.9 kilometers/cm2. [18]

The extreme minimum temperature in Chengdu is -5.9℃, which occurs in most districts, cities and counties in December, and a few in January. Chengdu belongs to the mid-subtropical humid monsoon climate zone. The most common wind direction in Chengdu all year round is calm wind; the second most common wind direction is northerly wind in June, July and August, and north-northeast wind in the remaining months.

Water resources

Chengdu has abundant precipitation, with an average annual total water resource of 30.472 billion cubic meters, including 3.158 billion cubic meters of groundwater and 18.417 billion cubic meters of transit water. It can basically Meet the water needs of people in Chengdu for living, production and construction. Main features:

1. High density of river network. Chengdu has 12 main rivers and dozens of tributaries, including the Minjiang River and the Tuojiang River. The rivers are crisscrossed with crisscrossing ditches, and the river network density is as high as 1.22 kilometers per square kilometer. In addition, the well-known Dujiangyan water conservancy project at home and abroad is dotted with reservoirs, ponds, weirs, and canals.

In 2004, the effective irrigation area reached 345,000 hectares; the city's theoretical water energy resource reserves were 1.615 million kilowatts.

2. The water quality is excellent. Chengdu is located in the middle reaches of the Minjiang River Basin. The river water is mainly composed of atmospheric precipitation, underground currents and melted snow. Before flowing into the Chengdu Plain, the river course is mainly between the mountains and canyons, and is subject to minimal human pollution. Therefore, the water quality is exceptionally good, and most of the indicators meet the requirements. National surface water secondary standards requirements. [18]

Plant Resources

Chengdu is located in a humid subtropical area with complex topography, diverse natural ecological environment and rich biological resources. According to preliminary statistics, animal and plant resources alone include 11 classes, 200 families, 764 genera, and more than 3,000 species. Among them, there are 2,682 species of seed plants, and unique and rare plants include ginkgo, Davidia involucrata, yellow heart tree, fragrant fruit tree, etc.

Animal Resources

There are 237 main species of vertebrates. Rare animals under national key protection include giant pandas, red pandas, golden monkeys, wildebeests, etc.; there are more than 860 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines, including Ligusticum chuanxiong, Chuanxiong Turmeric, black plum, coptis, etc. are famous at home and abroad. [18][20]

Mineral Resources

Chengdu City is rich in mineral resources, with many types and relatively concentrated distribution, and there are many raw ores. Proven metal minerals such as iron, titanium, vanadium, copper, lead, zinc, aluminum, gold, silver, strontium, rare earths, calcium oxide, serpentine, gypsum, calcite, limestone, marble, coal, natural gas, etc. There are more than 60 kinds of non-metallic mineral resources. There are more than 400 large and small mineral deposits in the city, and most of them have relatively concentrated mineral resources. The proven reserves of coal are 146 million tons, mainly concentrated in Pengzhou, Dujiangyan, Chongzhou and Dayi in the western mountainous areas; the proven reserves of natural gas are 1.677 billion cubic meters, and the prospective reserves are 4.221 billion cubic meters, mainly concentrated in Pujiang, Qionglai and Dayi. , Dujiangyan and Jintang areas; the reserve of calcium mirabilite ranks first in the country, up to 9.862 billion tons, mainly concentrated in Xinjin and Shuangliu; various metal mineral resources are relatively concentrated in Pengzhou. [18]

Land Resources

Chengdu has various types of land. According to the landform type, it can be divided into plains, hills and mountains; according to the soil type, it can be divided into 11 categories including paddy soil, fluvoid soil, purple soil, yellow soil, yellow brown soil; according to the current land use type, it can be divided into cultivated land, garden land and pasture. There are 8 types of land; the plain area has a large proportion, reaching 4971.4 square kilometers, accounting for 40.1% of the city's total land area, which is much higher than the national level of 12% and Sichuan Province's 2.54%; the hilly area accounts for 27.6%, and the mountainous area accounts for 27.6%. Accounting for 32.3%; the land reclamation index is high. The land is fertile, the soil is deep, the climate is mild, and irrigation is convenient. The proportion of usable area can reach 94.2%. The city's average land reclamation index reaches 38.22%, of which the plain area is as high as over 60%, which is much higher than the 10.4% in the country and Sichuan Province. 11.5% level.