What are the causes of smog?

Question 1: What is the cause of smog? There are several reasons for the haze weather.

1. The main factor when the atmospheric pressure is low and the air does not flow. Because the air does not flow, the tiny particles in the air gather together and float in the air.

2. The ground is dusty and the air humidity is low. People and vehicles on the ground stir up dust.

3. Automobile exhaust is the main pollutant emission. In recent years, there are more and more cars in cities, and automobile exhaust is a factor of smog.

4. Secondary pollution produced by factories.

5. The air purifier can be used for CO2 and other pollutants discharged by heating in winter to remove harmful gases such as smog. Ordinary medical masks are relatively cheap and have poor protection, and are basically only suitable for ordinary nurses or cooking at home; Advanced medical masks are adopted by surgeons or dentists, who earn more and pay more attention to the quality of masks rather than the low cost. Advanced medical masks have excellent barrier to particles and liquids, ensuring breathability when worn in precise working environment. It can also deodorize. Sources of toxic particles in cities: first, automobile exhaust, medical masks imported from the United States, and Puwei server, which have good filterability and prevent both particles and fog drops. The filtration efficiency is 99.8% for particles as small as 0. 1 micron, and 99.9% for bacteria or virus carriers as small as 0.3 micron (common in droplets). SecureFit patented technology is adopted to adapt to different face shapes and achieve a high degree of fit. For the health of you and your family, wear a mask when you go out.

Question 2: What are the two main causes of haze weather? There are several reasons. 1. Low atmospheric pressure is the main factor of air stagnation. Because the air does not flow, the tiny particles in the air gather and float in the air. 2. The ground is dusty and the air humidity is low. 3. Automobile exhaust is the main pollutant emission. In recent years, there are more and more cars in cities, and automobile exhaust is a factor of smog. 4. Secondary pollution produced by factories. 5. CO2 and other pollutants emitted by heating in winter.

Question 3: What are the causes of smog in China?

1. The energy consumption structure has been unreasonable for a long time. China's energy structure is dominated by coal, and its production and domestic energy are heavily dependent on coal and oil. Although the proportion of natural gas and clean energy in China's energy consumption is increasing, the problem that China is dominated by coal and oil has not been solved. Some cities have started energy projects such as "coal to electricity" and "coal to gas". However, the energy production structure of "rich in coal, short of oil and short of gas" determines that the energy consumption structure will not change in the short term. The research shows that the direct contribution rate of coal to smog phenomenon is above 25%, which shows that unreasonable energy consumption structure is one of the important reasons leading to air pollution.

2. There are many industries with high energy consumption and high pollution, and the sharp increase of pollutants is one of the reasons for the formation of smog. China's thermal power generation accounts for more than 90% of the total power generation, while 85% of the thermal power generation is almost entirely coal-fired. The burning of fossil fuels and the use of energy produce sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide, which cause serious pollution.

3. Dust pollution is increasingly becoming the main cause of urban particulate pollution and one of the causes of smog. Most cities in China are at the peak of infrastructure construction, and more and more dust is produced in the construction process of building demolition, road construction, stacking and transportation. Some cities are dry and rainy, windy in winter and spring, which is easy to cause dust pollution. In addition, there are pile dust flying with the wind, road dust caused by car driving, and large-scale ground dust in China. Dust pollution has been quite serious, and there is no sign of improvement. The proportion of dust in atmospheric particles is very large.

4. Automobile exhaust also increases the emission of fine particles, which is an important reason for the formation of smog. With the rapid economic development, the average growth rate of China's automobile production has remained at around 13% in recent years, and China has become the second largest automobile market and the third largest automobile manufacturing base in the world. The environmental pollution problem of urban motor vehicles is becoming more and more serious. A large number of automobile exhaust emissions make the comprehensive air pollution in urban agglomerations show an obvious deterioration and diffusion trend, resulting in a wide range of smog. The average annual concentration of inhalable particles of sulfur dioxide in some cities is 24 times that of developed countries in Europe and America, which greatly exceeds the environmental carrying capacity.

5. Environmental governance is lagging behind. The effect of environmental governance in China is not obvious. The reason is that the driving force of unilateral pursuit of GDP has always existed. In the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization, the speed of environmental control has never kept up with the speed of pollution discharge. Up to now, although China has established laws and regulations on environmental protection, the staff's outlook on political achievements is always based on economic development, which leads to "it is difficult to have both the economy and the environment" and leads to lax law enforcement and poor supervision in the process of environmental protection. In addition, although China's investment in environmental protection has increased year after year, compared with the actual situation of environmental governance in China, there are still debts and gaps between supply and demand, and the technical level of environmental governance needs to be improved. In the process of controlling environmental pollution, a complete mechanism has not yet been formed in terms of funds, technology, supervision and legislation.

Question 4: Why is it foggy weather? What are the reasons and human factors?

Sources of toxic particles in cities:

First: it's automobile exhaust. Large vehicles that use diesel are "recidivists" who emit PM 10, including buses, shuttle buses of various units and large transport trucks. Sources of toxic particulate matter in cities: firstly, automobile exhaust. Cars that use diesel are "habitual criminals" who emit particles. Small cars that use gasoline emit gaseous pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides, which are easily converted into secondary particulate pollutants in foggy days, aggravating smog.

Vehicle exhaust is the main component of smog particles. According to the latest data, motor vehicle exhaust accounts for 22.2%, coal combustion accounts for 16.7%, dust accounts for 16.3%, and industry accounts for 15.7%. However, with the development of automobile technology and the improvement of oil quality, environmental managers have found that motor vehicle exhaust does not play a decisive role in the formation of haze weather. However, as some cities with large car ownership, managers still need to control vehicle emission standards to avoid the formation of haze weather.

Second: the waste gas produced by burning coal for heating in winter in the north.

Third: the waste gas emitted by industrial production. For example, metallurgy, kilns and boilers, electromechanical manufacturing, automobile repair and paint and building materials production produce a lot of waste gas from kiln combustion.

Fourth: Dust generated by construction sites and road traffic.

Fifth, the particle size of growable particles, bacteria and viruses is equivalent to PM0.1-PM2.5. When the humidity and temperature in the air are appropriate, microorganisms will attach to particles, especially oil fume particles, which will adsorb oil droplets and transform them into more microorganisms, which will increase the growth of biotoxic substances in smog.

6. Dust "smog" will also be produced in home decoration. Indoor dust is pervasive, which is not only harmful to the health of staff and users, but also increases the cleaning burden. When the dust is serious, it also brings many hidden dangers to the decoration project. [3] [4]

In addition to meteorological conditions, the increase of atmospheric particulate matter (including coarse particulate matter PM 10 and fine particulate matter PM2.5) caused by industrial production, vehicle exhaust emissions and coal burning in winter is an important factor of smog. At present, the level of pollutant discharge in many cities is at a critical point, which is very sensitive to meteorological conditions. When the diffusion conditions are good, the air quality can reach the standard, and once adverse weather conditions are encountered, the air quality and visibility will drop immediately.

climatic factor

"There is a difference between fog and haze. Fog refers to the weather phenomenon that the visibility is lower than 1 km due to the condensation of suspended water vapor in the atmosphere; The formation of smog is mainly the result of a large number of suspended particles in the air and meteorological conditions. There are three reasons:

First, the phenomenon of static wind in the horizontal direction has increased.

The higher the buildings are built in the city, the obstruction and friction of airflow passing through the urban area will be obviously weakened. The increase of static wind phenomenon is not conducive to the diffusion and dilution of suspended particles in the atmosphere, and it is easy to accumulate around urban areas and suburbs.

Second, the vertical direction is reversed.

The inversion layer is like a pot cover over a city. This inversion phenomenon that the upper air temperature is higher than the lower air temperature limits the vertical movement of the lower air, making it difficult for suspended particles in the air to drift to the upper air and be blocked at the lower air and near the ground.

Third, the increase of suspended particulate matter and organic pollutants in the air. With the growth of urban population and industrial development, the number of motor vehicles has surged, resulting in a large increase in pollutant emissions and suspended solids.

preventive measure

1, open the window less in foggy days. When going out, you must wear a mask, drink plenty of water, soak chrysanthemum tea and other Chinese herbal teas to prevent diseases, eat more fruits, and thoroughly clean your skin and hair after coming home from the outside. In addition, the elderly who like morning exercises and shopping in the food market should pay attention to reducing going out, because smog is extremely harmful to the health of the elderly.

Step 2 wear a mask when you go out

Step 3 drink more tea

4, the right amount of vitamin D.

5. Eat lightly and drink plenty of water

Step 6 eat more vegetables

7. Minimize going out in foggy days [5]

8. Pay attention to the speed when driving.

9. Protect yourself when going out, wear a special anti-fog PM2.5 mask and anti-fog nose mask, filter PM2.5, and breathe fresh air anytime and anywhere.

10, avoid moving in foggy days. You can do morning exercises after the sun comes out. You can also switch to indoor sports.

1 1. The patient insisted on taking the medicine. Patients with respiratory diseases and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should insist on taking medicine on time in foggy days.

12, don't close the window too tightly. You can choose to open the window for a short time at noon with sufficient sunshine and less pollutants.

13, try to stay away from the road. The concentration of pollutants is the highest when large cars enter the city during peak hours and at night.

14, supplement calcium and vitamin d, eat more tofu and Sydney ... >>

Question 5: What are the causes of smog formation? What smog is composed of dust, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic hydrocarbons and other particles in the air? It will also make the atmosphere turbid, blur the vision and worsen the visibility. If the horizontal visibility is less than 65,438+00,000 meters, the sight distance obstacle caused by this non-aqueous aerosol system is called haze or dust haze, and the Hong Kong Observatory calls it haze.

Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and inhalable particles are the main components of smog. The first two are gaseous pollutants, and the last particulate matter is the chief culprit that aggravates smog weather pollution. They combine with fog and instantly turn the sky gray. The abbreviation of particulate matter is PM, and what Beijing monitors is PM2.5, that is, pollutant particles with aerodynamic equivalent diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns.

Haze is mainly composed of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and inhalable particles, which combine with fog to make the sky dark and gloomy in an instant. The abbreviation of particulate matter is PM, and Beijing monitors fine particulate matter (PM2.5), that is, pollutant particles with aerodynamic equivalent diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns. This particle itself is not only a pollutant, but also a carrier of toxic substances such as heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Question 6: There are several reasons for the haze weather.

1. The main factor when the atmospheric pressure is low and the air does not flow. Because the air does not flow, the tiny particles in the air gather together and float in the air.

2. The ground is dusty and the air humidity is low. People and vehicles on the ground stir up dust.

3. Automobile exhaust is the main pollutant emission. In recent years, there are more and more cars in cities, and automobile exhaust is a factor of smog.

4. Secondary pollution produced by factories.

5. CO2 and other pollutants emitted by heating in winter.

Question 7: There are several reasons for the formation of haze weather.

1. The main factor when the atmospheric pressure is low and the air does not flow. Because the air does not flow, the tiny particles in the air gather together and float in the air.

2. The ground is dusty and the air humidity is low. People and vehicles on the ground stir up dust.

3. Automobile exhaust is the main pollutant emission. In recent years, there are more and more cars in cities, and automobile exhaust is a factor of smog.

4. Secondary pollution produced by factories.

5. CO2 and other pollutants emitted by heating in winter.