Appreciation of the Original and Translation of Zuo Yi Shi by Fang Bao

The original anecdote of Zuo: The first gentleman tasted the words, and his hometown Zuzuo Public School was gyeonggi. One day, the snow was very cold, so he rode out of the boat and entered the ancient temple. In the next life, he squatted at his desk and wrote in grass; After public reading, release the mink and hide the household. Knock on the monks in the temple, and then the teacher can learn the law. And try, officials call Shi Gong by his name, and the public sees it in a volume, that is, the face comes first. Called in, made his wife worship him, saying, "My son is mediocre, and he will follow me every day, but not in this life." "And Zuo Gong went to the factory prison, and the history was outside the prison; It is very strict to guard against castration, although domestic servants are not allowed to get close. For a long time, I heard that Zuo Gong was branded and died one day. Holding 50 gold, crying for a ban, the pawn feels embarrassed. One day, Shi was covered with grass, carrying a basket and a long shovel. In order to remove the impurity, he introduced it and pointed to the office on the left. Then I sat on the ground against the wall, and the denomination was unrecognizable, and all the bones and muscles below my left knee were taken off. Prehistoric kneeling, holding the knee sobbing. The public can't open their eyes when they recognize their voices, but move their arms with their fingers; Angry, angry: "Yongnu, where is this? "And before you come! The matter of the country, erosion at this point. I am old, but you are strong and ignorant. Who can support me in the world? If you don't leave soon, I'll kill you today! " I took a shot for touching the ground. Xu Shi didn't dare to make a sound and rushed out. Later, I often told people this with tears, saying, "My teacher's lungs and liver are made of stone! 」

At the end of Chongzhen, Zhang, a rogue, often appeared in Taiwei, Huang, Qian and Tong. Stone Bow Defense and Lu Feng Road Defense. Every time there is a policeman, it will take several months to let the strong men have more rest and sit outside the curtain. Choose ten healthy people, let two people crouch on their backs, and change the drums if they miss them. Stand up every cold night and shake your clothes, and the frost on your nails will fall loud and clear. Or advise him to rest less, and on a public day, he said, "I'm afraid I'll violate the court, and I'll be ashamed of my teacher." 」

When Shi Gong was in charge of the army, when he traveled to Tongcheng, he would bow to Gong Di to the left, and wait for Tai Gong and Tai Mu to stay and worship his wife.

Yu Zong is the nephew of old Tu Shan and Zuo Gong. He is kind to the former gentleman and is called prison language, which is closely related to Shi Gongyun.

My father once said: Zuo fellow villager, when studying politics in Beijing, one day it was windy and snowy, and the weather was extremely cold. He took a few attendants on horseback, made a modified trip and walked into an ancient temple. A scholar in the wing fell asleep at his desk, and the article (on the desk) had just been drafted. Zuo Gong took off his mink coat and closed the door for him. Zuo Gong asked the monk in the temple that it was Shi Kefa. After the exam, the officer called Shi Kefa's name, and Zuo Gong looked at him in surprise. When handing in the papers, Zuo Gong personally approved him as the first, and called him into the inner room to see his wife, saying, "My sons are all mediocre and incompetent, and only this student can inherit my ambition and career in the future." "When Zuo Gong was imprisoned in Dongchang prison, Shi Kefa waited outside the prison all day. Wei Zhongxian, the eunuch, was very strict with the prison guards, and even the servants of Zuo's family could not get close to him. After a long time, Shi Kefa heard that Zuo Gong was tortured by branding and would die sooner or later, so he took five hundred and twenty pieces of silver and cried to discuss with the jailer the way to visit the prison. The jailer was moved by him. One day, the jailer asked Shi Kefa to change into shabby clothes and sandals, with a bamboo basket on his back and a long shovel in his hand, pretending to be a garbage sweeper, and took him to prison. (The jailer) quietly pointed to where Zuo was. I saw Zuo Gong sitting on the ground, leaning against the wall, his face and forehead burned badly, and he couldn't recognize it (the original appearance). From the left knee down, all his bones and muscles fell off. Shi Kefa stepped forward and knelt down, holding Zuo Gong's knee and crying in a low voice. Zuo Gong recognized Shi Kefa's voice, but he couldn't open his eyes. He forcibly raised his arm, opened his eyelids with his fingers, and his eyes were as bright as torches. He said angrily, "useless slave! What is this place? Come here! If the affairs of state deteriorate to this point, my old man will be finished, and you are a man who is intellectual fit and doesn't understand the righteousness. Who can support national affairs? Don't go, don't wait for the traitor to constitute a crime to frame you, I will kill you now! " He said that he touched the instruments of torture on the ground and shot. Shi Kefa silent dare not make any noise, quickly came out. Later, he often told others about it with tears, saying, "My teacher's lungs and liver are made of stone! 」

In the last years of Chongzhen, a "rogue" Zhang appeared in Huangzhou, Qian Shan and Tongcheng. As a Taoist priest, Shigong was ordered to guard Fengyang and Luzhou. Whenever there is an alarm, he always stays up in the dormitory for months, letting the soldiers take turns to rest, but he sits outside the tent. He chose ten able-bodied soldiers, told two of them to squat down with their backs to them, and took turns in each shift. Every cold night, as soon as he stood up and shook his clothes, the frost on his armor fell off and made a crisp sound. He was advised to have a rest. Shi Gongdao: "I'm afraid to disappoint the imperial court, but I'm afraid to be sorry for the teacher. 」

During the battle, Shi Gong led his troops through Tongcheng, so he had to personally go to Zuo Gong's house to greet Tai Gong and Tai Mu and visit his wife in the class.

My cousin Tu Shan is Zuo Gong's son-in-law and friendly with my late father. He said what Zuo Gong said in prison was from Shi Gong himself.

Note 1. First gentleman: the author's address to his late father Fang Zhongshu. 2. Gyeonggi: The capital and its vicinity. 3. From the riding number, there are several riding followers to follow. Wei Xiang: Traveling in casual clothes. 4. Hey: the cabin under the porch. Student: It refers to the scholar. 5. Solution: Take off mink. 6. Shi Kefa: County annals, Xiangfu (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province). Chongzhen collapsed, Nanming Ministry of War was a scholar, and the Qing army was guarding Yangzhou when it entered the customs. On April 25, A.D. 1645, it broke the city and died. 7. The Koran: a shocked expression. 8. The first side: the first side for approval. 9. Factory prison: a prison set up by the East Factory of the Ming secret service. 10, against castration: rebellious eunuch, here refers to Wei Zhongxian. 1 1, guard: guard. 12, searing: a torture of burning prisoners with red-hot iron. 13. Long iron pot: an earth-moving tool with a long handle. 14, canthus: eye socket. 15, ignorance: unreasonable. 16, framed: slander and framed. 17, Chongzhen: the year number of Mingsizong (1628— 1644). Rogue: used as a disparaging term for peasant rebels. Zhang (1606— 1647) was the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty. /kloc-proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu in 0/644 and established the Great Western Country. 1646 was killed by Qing soldiers. Qi, Huang, Qian and Tong: Qichun County and Huanggang County in Hubei Province, Qianshan County and Tongcheng County in Anhui Province. Lu Feng Road 19: Governor of Fengyang and Luzhou. Dao, Dao Yuan, it's the same, sir. 20, more rest: take turns to rest. 2 1, drum leakage movement: refers to a period of time. Leaky pot, an ancient instrument that uses dripping water to time. Drums, drums. 22, Dai Fan: take turns to replace 23, bow: personally. First: luxury house, residence. 24. Houju: How are you? 25. Zonglao: the same ancestor. 26, Tu Shan: Bao Fang's grandfather's name, real name.

The opening of Zuo's Appreciation of Popular Anecdotes is full of legendary warmth. The author first tells the story of Zuo Guangdou's meeting with Shi Kefa, a young scholar: Zuo Guangdou, who was studying politics in Gyeonggi at that time, visited an ancient temple incognito on a cold day and saw a scholar sleeping at his desk in the wing; After reading the draft of the scholar's article, Zuo Guangdou took off his mink coat and closed the door ... It not only vividly demonstrated Zuo Guangdou's "Bole" spirit of longing for talents, being good at discovering talents, appreciating talents and caring for talents, but also laid the foundation for Shi Kefa not to forget his teacher's kindness and not violate his teacher's training.

The second paragraph is the focus of the full text, which is thrilling and touching. "Being in the same prison as Zuo Gong" means that Zuo Guangdou was unjustly imprisoned in Dongchang Prison for impeaching Wei Zhongxian, and he was "released from prison in history", which shows Shi Kefa's deep concern for teachers. This short sentence is like ink and gold, and it is cut properly. "After a long time, I heard that Zuo Gong was branded and died instantly." Shi Kefa couldn't bear it, so he had to "hold 50 gold and cry." He spit gold at the jailer, moved with emotion and reasoned with reason, so that he could sneak into the tightly guarded prison under the guise of "decontamination". Outstanding performance of Zuo Guangdou's noble character of giving up his life for righteousness, fortitude and unyielding, vividly: I saw Zuo Guangdou "sitting on the ground against the wall, the denomination was burnt, and his bones and muscles fell off below his left knee". It is not difficult to imagine what inhuman torture Zuo Guangdou suffered in Dongchang Prison! The verbs "lean" and "sit" vividly embody the spirit of Zuo Guangdou's "never give in". Zuo Guangdou was tortured to "the face value is difficult to distinguish" and his eyes could not be opened. But when he recognized Shi Kefa's voice, he even struggled to open his eyes with his fingers. Angry: This story typically shows Zuo Guangdou's strong perseverance and tenacious fighting spirit! Shi Kefa, who came to visit the prison, was not only "angry": "A slave who doesn't understand the overall situation! What is this place? You still come here! The affairs of the country have been eroded to such an extent that the old man is dead. If you are so wise and ignorant, who can support the world? Don't hurry, don't wait for a traitor to fabricate charges against you? I'll kill you now! " And there is a "radical move": "Because it touches the criminal equipment on the ground, it is a potential attack." Such angry, harsh and impassioned words not only reflect the hatred against Yan, but also reflect the love for this student with high hopes-the depth and responsibility of love! Zuo Guang-dou's good intention is to make Shi Kefa not be emotional, recognize the current situation of the country and its own situation, take the world as its own responsibility and be the "mainstay" of the country! A tortured person who has been at a critical juncture all his life is still obsessed with "who can support what is happening in the world?" After reading this, if you hear its voice, if you see its people, it really makes people cry! A man of righteousness is indomitable! Shi Kefa's personal experience is condensed into one sentence: "My teacher's lungs and liver are made of stone." . "Every word is fateful, hit the floor, which effectively demonstrates Zuo Guangdou's heart and iron! Here, it not only echoes the first paragraph "My ambition will be successful in the future, only in this life", but also paves the way for the third paragraph to show Shi Kefa's loyalty to state affairs.

The third paragraph is mainly based on a detail-"Every cold night, stand up and shake your clothes, and the frost on your armor will fall loud and clear." "-Shi Kefa's diligence and dedication in running the army. This is due to the example of Zuo Guangdou. Shi Kefa's heartfelt words, "I'm afraid of going to court, but I'm afraid of being ashamed of my teacher", are proof. In the fourth paragraph, Shi Kefa must personally visit Zuo Gongdi, greet Taigong and Taimu, and worship his wife. It shows Shi Kefa's deep friendship of respecting teachers and never forgetting his legacy. These not only show Shi Kefa's patriotism and respect for his teachers, but also set off the character image of his mentor Zuo Guangdou. Zuo Gong really knows people and does his duty well, and he is really not "sympathetic" to Shi Kefa. Like teacher, like disciple, what students do is the result of teachers setting an example!

The writing background of Zuo Zuo's Anecdote is in a period when eunuchs intervene in state affairs and the disaster is getting worse. Wei Zhongxian set up the East Factory, arrested court officials under the guise of the emperor's orders, and excluded dissidents. Zuo Guangdou was at the forefront of the struggle against eunuchs at that time and was killed in prison. Left, refers to the left fight. Zhong was posthumously awarded posthumous title by the court after his death. In feudal society, after the death of a court minister or social celebrity, the court gave it to posthumous title according to his performance and contribution before his death. The anecdote in Zuo Yi Wen is about something that is not recorded in the official history, that is, anecdotes. These stories are generally trivial, but they can illustrate the quality and personality of the reporter. Poetry: Zuo Anecdote Poem Author: Classification of Poetry in Qing Dynasty: Narration, Description and Praise