How to prevent and reduce disasters of rice in rainy days?

Since September this year, the rainfall in the whole province is more than normal 1.3 times, and the average sunshine hours are less than normal by 40%. The continuous rainy weather lasted for a long time and occurred in a wide range, which had a great impact on the field management, harvest, storage and purchase of rice in the later stage of production in our province. In view of this situation, the following technical measures for disaster prevention and mitigation are put forward:

Technical measures for disaster prevention and reduction of mid-season rice. The early-maturing mid-season rice has basically been harvested, and the key point is to do a good job in field management and harvesting during the harvest period of late-maturing mid-season rice. First, timely ditch drainage in the field. In the mature harvest period of rice, it is necessary to clear the ridges in time and drain the accumulated water in the field, so as to "stop the field from raining and leave no open water", minimize the humidity in the field and reduce the occurrence of lodging and ear buds. The second is to clear up, classify the harvest, dry it and put it in storage to reduce the losses caused by disasters. Actively organize and dispatch mechanical forces and manpower, seize the gap between sunny and rainy days, and make every effort to speed up the harvesting progress. The third is classified harvest. For fields with mildew or germination after lodging, they should be harvested separately from normal mature rice to avoid affecting rice quality. Fourth, the harvested rice should be dried or aired with drying equipment immediately to prevent germination and reduce disaster losses.

Technical measures for disaster prevention and reduction of double-cropping late rice. Double-cropping late rice is in the late filling stage, so it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water in the field to make the rice grow healthily and increase the 1000-grain weight, and at the same time to prevent the harm of "cold dew wind" and bacterial wilt. First, timely eliminate the accumulated water in the field, alternate dry and wet irrigation, maintain the root activity in the later stage, delay the senescence of plants and promote filling. Second, according to the weather forecast, if there is a "cold dew wind", it is necessary to carry out deep-water irrigation on the paddy field 2-3 days in advance, adjust the temperature and humidity with water, improve the microclimate in the field, slow down the temperature drop and reduce the harm of "cold dew wind". At the same time, avoid draining water immediately when the temperature rises rapidly after rain to prevent the occurrence of bacterial wilt. Thirdly, spraying appropriate amount of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and growth regulator on leaves can enhance the low temperature tolerance of rice and promote grain filling and fruiting.

Strengthen the evaluation of agricultural disaster insurance. For seriously affected paddy fields, we should actively contact agricultural insurance institutions, do a good job in evaluating the degree of agricultural disasters, properly classify them, and reduce the losses of rice farmers due to disasters through disaster insurance.

Strengthen the prevention of low temperature and rainy weather in the later period. In recent years, disasters such as low temperature, rainy weather and lack of light have occurred normally in the late growth stage of rice. It is suggested that the majority of rice farmers should choose rice varieties with moderate growth period according to the local ecological and climatic conditions, and adjust the sowing date in two directions to avoid and reduce the impact of disastrous weather on the key period of rice yield and quality formation. Purchase grain drying equipment, harvest, dry and put into storage in time.