Legend of Zhuge Liang

Zhuge Liang (A.D. 18 1-234), a native of Yang Du (present-day yinan county), was an outstanding politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. With extraordinary wisdom and foresight, he helped Liu Bei to establish Shu state, served as prime minister, and presided over the military and political affairs of Shu and Han for a long time, which played an important role in the political and economic development of southwest China.

Pass books

Speaking of Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi, people all know that they were sworn enemies in the Three Kingdoms, but it is said that they were classmates and schoolmates when they were young.

It was at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when political affairs were corrupt and the world was in chaos. Their teacher is a very talented person. He doesn't want to be an official in the imperial court and live in seclusion in the mountains. He is bent on teaching a few good students to bring peace and stability to the country and save people all over the world in the future. Both Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi's father are the teacher's favorite disciples, and each entrusted his own children to him. These two children are smart and eager to learn, and they are carefully taught by the teacher, so their studies have made rapid progress, neck and neck.

The teacher has a wonderful book, which is the secret biography of his ancestors. This book contains all kinds of wonderful strategies such as astronomy, geography, military deployment, national security and people's security. Whoever gets it can do earth-shattering things. It is the first wonderful book in the world, so people call it a "heavenly book". The teacher is over sixty years old, and there are no boys or girls under his knees. He intends to pass this book on to his beloved students. Who can these two students pass it on to? Because at that time, the princes were divided and the group was in dispute. If it is spread to the wrong people, it is not against the country and the people, but against your own will. So the teacher has been hesitating, not deciding which student to pass on, but observing the moral demands of the two students more carefully. Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi also knew that the teacher had a wonderful book and they both wanted it very much. Because of this, they all pay more attention to their teachers, study hard to make them like it, and give them a wonderful book.

One day, the teacher led them to the hill behind the house, pointing out the geography of Chen Shanchuan and the method of arranging troops. On the opposite cliff, a woodcutter was chopping wood and accidentally fell off the cliff. When master and apprentice meet, they are all surprised. The teacher flashed an idea and continued to whisper. Sima yi also listened with confidence. Zhuge Liang flew down the hillside, picked up the badly injured woodcutter, examined the injury, quickly found some herbs around him, chewed them up and applied them to the wound, and pulled off his skirt to bandage the wound. At this time, the teacher nodded if he realized something, and then led Sima Yi down the mountain to help Zhuge Liang send the woodcutter home.

After a while, Zhuge Liang received a letter from home saying that his father was seriously ill and asked him to go home and have a look. Zhuge Liang said goodbye to his teachers and classmates in tears and hurried home. My father died soon after he returned to China. He fought back his grief and carefully arranged his father's funeral before returning to his teacher. Coincidentally, a few days later, Sima Yi also received a letter from home, saying that his mother was seriously ill and asked him to go home and meet him. However, Sima Yi was afraid of passing the wonderful book to Zhuge Liang after the teacher left, so she pushed off a letter and didn't go home at last. The teacher sighed and shook his head and secretly made up his mind.

After more than a month, the teacher fell ill and occasionally caught a cold. Two students stood in front of the bed, taking care of them while making soup. But the teacher is old and weak, and his condition is getting worse and worse. One day, Zhuge Liang went out to dig herbs for his teacher, and Sima Yi waited on him at the bedside. Seeing that the teacher was unconscious, he sneaked into the teacher's study, looked everywhere and finally found a small box. He stole it and opened it. This is a great book. Just then, he heard the teacher calling him and didn't have time to look closely. He thought that the teacher had been partial to Zhuge Liang recently, and if he waited any longer, this wonderful book would definitely not reach him. No poison, no husband, how long will you stay if you don't leave at this time? He ignored the teacher's cry and secretly picked up the box and ran away.

When Zhuge Liang came to get the medicine, the teacher opened his eyes and asked Zhuge Liang to help himself get down from the hospital bed, uncovered the interlayer below, took out a yellow bag, gave Zhuge Liang his hands, took a deep look at Zhuge Liang and said softly, "When I die, the house and the body will burn down together, and leave the country quickly." Then he closed his eyes safely.

Zhuge Liang listened to the teacher's instructions, burned the house and the teacher's body, shouldered the yellow burden, went home immediately, followed his uncle to Nanyang, lived in seclusion in Longzhong, and devoted himself to studying.

Besides, when Sima Yi fled home, he opened the box and checked the stolen books. Looking back, I saw four sentences written on it; "It is contrary to patriotism and filial piety. How can we be messengers? " Only then did I know that the stolen book turned out to be a fake book. Shamed and angry, he immediately took people to the teacher's residence, but it has become a ruin.

Xu Dong collected and arranged.

Water-splashing Festival (Dai nationality)

A long time ago, the hardworking and brave Dai people settled down by the Lancang River. They fish and hunt. Singing and dancing, living as free as a peacock and as sweet as jackfruit. But Han Guan, who is in charge of that area, is a cruel villain. Like a greedy leopard, he greets everything. In order to satisfy his insatiable desire, many harsh laws have been enacted: Dai people can only eat fish heads and fish tails when they catch fish and give them to the government; Dai people are called wild animals and want to give meat to the government. They can only eat bones and intestines. There are three grades of hides, the government's big official should be the first, the small official is the second, and the worst is reserved for hunters; Girls from Dai families must serve in government departments for three years before they can get married. Anyone who doesn't obey the law will be driven out of the dam and beheaded. From then on, Dai's life was miserable, and Killer and the girl's songs were never heard again. Even peacocks dare not come to the river. Unable to bear the oppression of corrupt officials, Dai left the beautiful Lancang River and escaped from the dam. On the high secluded mountain and in the dense forest, they live a miserable life of "making houses with wild fruits to satisfy their hunger, and the mountains string fires".

Many years later, Zhuge Liang came here with his troops and got lost in the vast forest. Just then. They met Yan Ken, the bravest hunter in Dai family. Zhuge Liang called Yan Ken to his side and said, "If you can lead the army astray, I will reward you." At first, Yan Ken hated and feared these Han people. He turned a deaf ear and said nothing, leading the way for the Han people. Zhuge Liang saw Yan Ken's intentions at a glance. He is neither angry nor angry. He warmly invited Yan Ken to live in the military camp and treated him with good wine and meat. A few days later, Yan Ken slowly discovered that this Han Guan, wearing a big robe with a circle painted on it (later learned that it was a "gossip suit"), wearing an angular hat and shaking a goose feather fan in his hand, was amiable, unlike the greedy Han Guan on the Lancang River. His heart began to move. After careful observation for several days, he recognized the Han official as a good man and finally led Zhuge Liang's army astray.

Zhuge Liang is a man of his word. When they go out of their own way, they must reward Yan Ken. Yan refused and said, "Master Han, we Dai people don't love gold and silver. We just want to live as sweet as jackfruit on the beautiful Lancang River by our own hands. However, the Han officials in charge there drove us ... "Speaking of which, Yan Ken cried sadly.

Zhuge Liang listened to Yan Ken, closed his eyes, tapped his hat with a goose feather fan, and then said to Yan Ken, "Go and gather all the Dai people to the dam. I have my own way to let you live in peace. "

Yan Ken thanked Zhuge Liang and ran into the forest excitedly, calling all the Dai people down from the mountain. When they came to bazi, Zhuge Liang had killed the greedy Han official, abolished the harsh laws and re-appointed the honest Han official. So the Dai family set up a straw shed by the river and lived a happy life of fishing, hunting, singing and dancing. Even the auspicious peacocks flew back to bless them.

Just as the cuckoo was singing, Zhuge Liang was looking at the terrain by the river and came to Yanken's hut. He asked with concern about the life of the Dai people. Yan Ken said happily, "It has never been better and sweeter than jackfruit. However, I have something to say to the Prime Minister. " Zhuge Liang asked kindly, "What is it?" Yan Ken said, "Why are you Han people so strong and we Dai people so thin?"

"Oh-",Zhuge Liang closed his eyes again, tapped his hat with a goose feather fan, thought for a moment and said, "You tell all Dai people to see you tomorrow, and I will teach you how to keep fit."

Early the next morning, Zhuge Liang came to the Dai people with his troops and many golden grains (which they later knew were "grain seeds"), and ordered every three soldiers to lead A Dai people to open up wasteland on the dam and teach them to plow, sow and transplant rice. During the rainy season, the dam near the Lancang River is covered with a layer of golden rice. Later, Zhuge Liang's Han soldiers taught the Dai people to beat and pound rice, which made the Dai people eat whisked and delicious rice for the first time in their lives. Since then, the Dai people have also taken growing grain as their main business and rice as their staple food. They are getting stronger and the days are getting sweeter.

Later, Zhuge Liang won the battle, pacified the frontier and returned to the mainland. Dai's men, women and children reluctantly sent away one journey after another with tears in their eyes. When they parted, they took out the most beautiful dried muntjac and the most precious hides, held them in front of Zhuge Liang and said, "The auspicious peacock is no more beautiful than the rice fields opened by the Prime Minister for us;" No matter how sweet the jackfruit on the tree is, it is not as sweet as the happy life planted by the Prime Minister. No matter how many stars there are in the sky, the Prime Minister has not done so many good things for us. Tall palm trees will always remember the kindness of the Prime Minister. "

Zhuge Liang said, "I appreciate Dai's feelings, but what can I leave you?"

The clever Yan Ken found that Zhuge Liang had to close his eyes and knock on his hat with a goose feather fan when he did everything, and then came up with a clever plan, as if there was infinite wisdom hidden in his hat. So Yan Ken tentatively asked, "Prime Minister, can you leave your hat on your head?"

Zhuge Liang thought for a moment and said, "All right." He took off his hat, put some Suu strips in it, and told him, "If you encounter any difficulties in the future, take the silk strips out of your hat, because there is a magic weapon to overcome them."

After many years, the Dai family has a growing population, and everyone lives in a low and humid hut by the river. The weather is getting hotter and hotter. As soon as the sun came out, the straw shed was like a steamer. Many people couldn't stand the sweltering heat and fell ill. Soon, the whole dam was shrouded in a terrible miasma, killing hundreds of Dai people.

At this critical moment, Yan Ken suddenly remembered Zhuge Liang's words when he left. He quickly found the hat and took out a piece of silk from it, only to see that it read; "I want to live a long life, the water is cold; The straw shed is short and lives in a high room. " Clever Yan Ken patted his head and said; "Yes! Only by taking a bath often will you not get sick, and living in a high room will be ventilated. It's easy to take a bath, but no one has ever seen a tall room. How can we build it? " He found ninety-nine teachers and discussed them for ninety-nine days. Finally, everyone agreed to cover Zhuge Liang's hat according to the style. Because that hat is a symbol of wisdom, if Dai people live in such a high room, they will become smarter. After ninety-nine days, everyone built a house as high as Zhuge Liang's hat, and people lived in it, which was ventilated and cool. In addition, everyone has developed a good habit of taking a bath frequently and loving cleanliness, which soon drove away miasma and defeated the disease. Everyone splashed water in the bathtub to show their joy. -"Water-splashing Festival" started from this time and has been passed down to today.

Eat melons and keep seeds.

Zhuge Liang can not only grow crops well, but also grow watermelons with one hand. There used to be a rule in Xiangyang that when you entered the watermelon garden, you can eat enough melons, but you can't take them away. Legend has it that this "rule" was also asked by Ge Liang to stay.

The watermelon planted by Zhuge Liang is big, sweet and sour. Anyone who comes to Longzhong as a guest and passes by must go to Guayuan to have a full meal. The old farmers around him came to learn from him the experience of growing melons. He told them unreservedly that melons should be planted in sand and covered with sesame cakes or sesame oil. Many people came to him for melon seeds, because they didn't pay attention to keeping them before, so many people had to go home disappointed. The next year, the watermelon garden opened again. He put a sign in the ground that said, "Eat the melon well and leave the melon seeds."

Zhuge Liang washed and dried melon seeds and distributed them to nearby melon farmers. At present, watermelons in Hu Jiajia, Changfeng and Xiaofuzhou on the sandy land on both sides of Hanshui River are still very famous, with big head, thin skin and sweet taste. Some places still abide by the old rule of "eat melons and keep seeds".

Save future generations through clever calculations.

Whether this matter is true or not cannot be verified. Judging from the record, it is still possible.

Legend has it that Zhuge Liang said to his descendants before he died: "After I die, one of you will be killed in the future. At that time, you had demolished the house, and there was a paper bag in the wall. There are remedial measures. "

After Zhuge Liang died, Sima Qian became emperor. He learned that there was a general in the imperial court who was a descendant of Zhuge Liang, so he wanted to ask him to treat the disease. One day, Sima 0 made an excuse and sentenced the general to death. In the golden palace, Sima asked, "What did your grandfather say before he died?" The general told Zhuge Liang in detail. Hearing this, Sima 0 ordered the soldiers to tear down the house and take out the paper bag. I saw a letter in a paper bag, which said "Open in case of emperor". The soldiers handed the letter to 0, 0 and opened it, only to find that it said, "Take three steps back after the visit." 0 immediately stand up and take three steps back. As soon as he stood firm, he heard a "click" and a piece of jade fell from the roof directly above the dragon case. Smash the tables and chairs into pieces. 0 scared out in a cold sweat. On the other hand, looking at the back of the letter, it says, "I saved your life, please let my descendants live." After reading this letter, I secretly admire Zhuge Liang's ingenuity. Later, he was reinstated as a general.

Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes

In the drama and pictures, Zhuge Liang dressed in gossip clothes, strategized and won thousands of miles. According to folklore, Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes were given to him by his studious wife.

Zhuge Liang studied under Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror, when he was a teenager. Zhuge Liang studied hard and used his head diligently. Not only Sima Caode appreciates him, but also Sima's wife values him very much. They all like this studious and brainy boy. At that time, there were no clocks, and time was recorded by sundials. There is no sun on rainy days. Time is not easy to grasp. In order to record time, Si Mahui trained cock to crow on time by feeding regularly. Zhuge Liang is gifted and intelligent. Mr. Sima knows what he says as he pleases, and can't help but understand his thirst for knowledge. In order to learn more, he wanted Mr. Wang to extend the lecture time, but Mr. Wang always relied on the cock crow, so Zhuge Liang thought: If the cock crow time is extended, Mr. Wang's lecture time will be extended. So he brought some food in his pocket when he went to school. It is estimated that when the chicken is about to crow, he will feed it some food, and the chicken will not crow when it is full.

After a while, Mr. Sima wanted to know why the chicken didn't crow on time. Careful observation shows that Zhuge Liang fed the chickens when they crowed. When teacher Sima was in class, he asked the students why chickens didn't crow on time. Other students are at a loss. Zhuge Liang knew it in his heart, but he was an honest man, so he truthfully reported to Teacher Sima about feeding chickens when they crowed, so as to prolong the teacher's teaching time. Teacher Sima was so angry that he burned the book on the spot and wouldn't let him continue his study. Zhuge Liang is eager to learn, but he can't learn, and he can't force it, so he goes to ask Mrs. Sima. Sima Fu deeply sympathized with the punishment of letting Ge Liang feed the chickens to study, so he pleaded with Mr. Sima. Teacher Sima said: "At an early age, I didn't work hard on my homework, but I let my thoughts deceive the teacher." This is a bad intention, and this person can't be big. "Mrs. Sima interceded for Zhuge Liang many times, saying that although he was a little careful at an early age, he always wanted to learn more and had no other plans. Hearing this, Mr. Sima felt reasonable and agreed that Zhuge Liang would continue his studies.

Mr. Sima burned Zhuge Liang's book in a rage, and after his wife persuaded him, he agreed to continue studying. But how can I read without books? The lady said to Mr. Sima, "You have the back shell of a thousand-year-old tortoise. Legend can make people know the past in a thousand years and the future in 500 years. You might as well let Zhuge Liang try. If it's useful, why do you want a book? " Mr. Sima thought that he had burned the book, so he had to do as his wife said.

Zhuge Liang put the turtle shell given by his wife on his body, which became the costume of his life-gossip suit. What I learned in the past is vivid in my mind, and I can understand it without telling the truth.

Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan

Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan represents wisdom and talent, so in Zhuge Liang's operas, Kong Ming always holds a goose feather fan in his hand.

There is a folk story about goose feather fan. Huang's baby daughter is not ugly, but she is a very smart, beautiful and talented girl. Huang was afraid of turning a blind eye to Jingshan jade for young people, so he called his daughter "Ah Chou". Archie Huang Ou Yue Ying is not only fluent in writing, but also superb in martial arts. She once studied under a famous teacher. When Yicheng went down the mountain, the master gave her a goose feather fan and wrote the words "bright" and "bright". There are also many tricks in the world to attack the city and rule the country. And tell her that the one with the word bright in his name is the only thrill. Later, Huang's son-in-law was Zhuge Liang, the later prime minister of Shu. Before he left Longzhong, he knew that there were "Ming" and "Liang" in the world. When they got married, Huang Yueying gave Zhuge Aliang a goose feather fan as a gift. Kong Ming's love for goose feather fans is like the apple of his eye. In doing so, he not only expressed the sincere love between their husband and wife, but also skillfully used the infatuation strategy. So, no matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, I always put my hand on the fan.

During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhao, an observer of Xiangyang, wrote in Zhuge Shi Hua: "The fan shakes the tripod for three minutes, and there are eight dark clouds", which is enough to prove the role of Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan and the reason why he never leaves the fan.