How to draw a schematic diagram of the formation process of clouds, rain, fog, frost, dew, snow and hail (physics)

Cloud: The temperature is high during the day, and a lot of surface water evaporates, so the air contains a lot of water vapor. At this time, after the water vapor rises to the cold sky, some of it liquefies into small water droplets and some condenses into small ice crystals. Clouds in the sky are made up of a large number of small water droplets and small ice crystals. (Liquefaction and sublimation)

Rain: When the clouds get thicker and thicker, it will start to rain. In the process of falling, with the increase of temperature, the small ice crystals in the cloud will melt into small water droplets and fall to the ground together with the original small water droplets in the cloud. This is rain. (melting)

Fog: If there is a large amount of floating dust in the air, water vapor will liquefy into small water droplets when it is cold, attach to the floating dust and float in the air with the floating dust. This is fog. (liquefaction)

Dew: When the weather is hot, the water vapor in the air meets the leaves and flowers with low temperature before morning, and liquefies into small water droplets and adheres to their surfaces. This is dew. (liquefaction)

Snow: When the water vapor rises to a very cold height, it condenses into hexagonal ice flowers, and the ice flowers gather together to form snowflakes or snow masses, which is snow. (ninghua)

Frost: When the temperature drops below 0 degrees Celsius at night, the water vapor near the ground meets the cold objects on the ground and condenses into solid particles attached to the objects. This is Frost. (ninghua)

Hail: Formed in convective clouds. Water vapor rises with the airflow and condenses into small water droplets after cooling. If the temperature continues to decrease with the increase of height and reaches below zero degrees Celsius, water droplets will solidify into ice particles. In the process of its upward movement, it will absorb small ice particles or water droplets around it and grow up until its weight cannot be borne by the upward airflow.

When it falls to a higher temperature area, its surface will melt into water, and at the same time, it will absorb small water droplets around it. At this time, if it is lifted by a strong updraft, its surface will solidify into ice.

Repeatedly snowballing, the volume is getting bigger and bigger until its gravity is greater than the sum of air lift and air buoyancy, that is, it falls down. If it reaches the ground, it is still a solid ice particle and does not melt into water. This is called hail. (curing)

Extended data

Please note that for any substance, any final state can actually be changed by two initial states! For example, if the final state of a substance is liquid, then the initial state of the substance can be solid or gas. If a substance changes from a solid state to a liquid state, it is melting; if it changes from a gas state to a liquid state, it is liquefaction!

Water has two solid forms: frost and snow. But the mechanism of their formation is different. Frost can only form on a clear night. When the temperature is below 0 degrees and there is no strong wind that night, the water vapor in the air condenses into small particles and is white, which is frost.

There are many rivers and wet depressions, because there are many water vapor and low temperature in those places. Crops usually stop growing during the frost period, and some crops will freeze to death. Measures should be taken, such as smoking and covering agricultural products with plastic film to keep warm.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Primary school students are one step ahead in science: atmospheric and weather changes