Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather inquiry - Reading classical Chinese, Li Shen's words are public.
Reading classical Chinese, Li Shen's words are public.
Pine trees grow on the side of rocks, which are invisible to laymen and carpenters have no chance to know. It has no vast terrain to show off its appearance, only the true colors endowed by nature. Its branches are tall and straight, solemn and lush, or perched on rocks, straight into the sky; Or hide in a secluded stream, store fog and hide clouds. The solid dome stone buried its roots for several years; Ancient vines have entangled its body for many years. The Millennium is flying, the cool breeze is blowing gently, the Woods and fields are miserable, and Shan Ye is desolate and haggard. Other trees have yellow leaves, but it is very lush. Then people know that it is tall, straight and unique. It doesn't change its appearance or its heart. It is willing to endure the baptism of frost and snow. It shares the same interests with the hermit gentleman, is firm and unyielding, and transcends all things. The sun and the moon cannot change their nature, and the rain and dew enrich them. It has flourished for thousands of years. It weaves the flowing figure into a dream, believing that it will succeed in eighteen years. It doesn't learn peaches and plums in spring or phoenix trees in autumn. As a pillar of talent, I am unknown, braving the snow, but no one is amazed. It's really empty and useful. Some people despise it, others accept it.
Pine trees usually grow on one side of rocks.
2. Li Shen's "Compassionate Peasants" was originally sympathetic to peasants.
Minnong
(Don Li Shen)
Weeding is at noon,
Sweat dripped down the soil.
Who knows the food on the plate,
Every grain is bitter.
[Notes]
1. Unfortunately: Unfortunately.
2. Hoe: Use a hoe to loosen the soil around the seedlings.
[Brief analysis]
This poem is about the hardships of labor, and the fruits of labor are hard to come by. The first and second sentences, "When weeding at noon, sweat drips down the soil", depict farmers still working in the fields under the scorching sun at noon. These two poems choose a specific scene and vividly describe the hardships of labor. With these two specific descriptions, the sighs and warnings in the third and fourth sentences, "Who knows that every grain is hard", are freed from the empty and abstract preaching and become flesh-and-blood and far-reaching proverbs.
This poem doesn't start with specific people and things. It reflects not the personal experience, but the life and destiny of the whole peasant. The poet chose typical details of life and well-known facts, and profoundly exposed the unreasonable social system.
In terms of expression, the author adopts the method of contrast and contrast, which not only gives people a clear and strong impression, but also makes people think deeply, leaving the problem to the readers to think for themselves, thus achieving good results.
About the author: Li Shen (772-846) was born in Wuxi (now Wuxi, Jiangsu). Poets in Tang Dynasty.
Min Nong 1
Li Shen
Plant a millet in spring,
Harvest ten thousand seeds in autumn.
There are no idle fields in the four seas,
The farmer is still starving to death.
[Notes]
1. Unfortunately: Unfortunately.
2. Sue: (Si)
[Brief analysis]
This is a poem that exposes social injustice and sympathizes with farmers' sufferings, focusing on the cruel exploitation suffered by farmers in the old society.
In the first and second sentences, "a drop in the spring and 10,000 kinds in the autumn harvest", the use of "spring planting" and "autumn harvest" can roughly describe farmers' labor. From "one millet" to "10,000 seeds", the scene of bumper harvest is vividly written. The third sentence, "There are no idle fields in the four seas", even states that all the land in the country has been reclaimed, and there is no idle field. The semantics of this sentence and the first two sentences complement each other, thus showing a fruitful and fruitful scene everywhere. The working people have worked hard to create such great wealth. Is it reasonable to have plenty of food and clothing in a bumper harvest year? Who knows that sentence is "that farmer still starved to death." This is really shocking! The word "Jude" is thought-provoking: who deprived farmers of the fruits of their labor and trapped them to death? The word "I still starved to death" profoundly exposed social injustice and condensed the poet's strong indignation and sincere sympathy.
About the author: Li Shen (772-846) was born in Wuxi (now Wuxi, Jiangsu). Poets in Tang Dynasty.
3. Li Shen's full-text translation of Ode to Han and appreciation of Ode to Han.
The original text is as follows:
The birth of pine trees is also on the side of rocks. Regardless of customs, craftsmen are ignorant and have no terrain. Just look at his virginity and quiet, and go straight to sleep. Depending on the mountains, clouds cover the scenery, relying on the quiet flow, storing fog and smoke. The dome slab has been buried thin for several years; Gu Teng attached a festival, not remembering the year. So the white dew is zero, and the cool wind comes. The forest is miserable and the mountain is sad. Everything else is from the Yuan and Huang Dynasties, and everything else is green. Then I know that I am tall and strong, and I am slim and lonely. Also qualitative, it is not easy to change leaves; Huang Hui's heart is also willing to stop snowing in first frost. Ye Youren's elegance is a beautiful festival for gentlemen. If it is true, nothing can prosper. Yin and nature cannot change, so the rain and dew are rich. After the shadow fades, it will be built for a thousand years; Manifold dream, eighteen years for the public. Don't learn from peaches and plums that bloom in spring and phoenix trees that fall in autumn.
Chaos: I don't know when I carried the pillar, and I was surprised when I touched the frost and snow. If you can use it instead of using it, you can learn from it.
No terrain dazzle, dazzle: boast of appearance. Show off, boast
The dome slab is thin buried, and the dome, height and slab are thin: stable buried: rooted.
The forest is miserable, chestnut: trembling
Yamahara is very sad. Haggard: Haggard.
All in black and yellow, black and yellow: heaven and earth refer to the changes in nature.
Then I know I'm high-spirited and lonely. I am high-spirited, tall and dangerous.
Elegant and lonely. Pavilion: Loneliness is unique: extreme.
Ye Youren's Elegant Taste, Ye: Shelter and Harmony.
Nothing is better than prosperity. Dragon: High.
Rain and dew are abundant. Capital: Help Feng thrive.
Shadow fades, Rise and Grow.
Chaos: I don't know when it's negative, chaos: a paragraph summarizing the whole theme at the end of the ci-fu article. Negative: bear the burden, which is called "having"
I dare you to use it instead of using it. I dare you: really.
How to choose the best among the best? Solid: this refers to contempt. Take: take the method.
Pine trees grow on one side of the rock wall. The layman can't see it. The carpenter can't find it. Pine trees have no vast geographical location to show off their appearance. It has only the true colors endowed by nature. Its branches are tall and straight. The dense branches obscured the scenery. At the edge of the deep stream, fog accumulated. It gathers smoke and clouds, and the dome stone is tall and strong, but it has taken root.
Li Shen (772-846), the word Gong Chui. His ancestral home was Qiao County (now Hao County, Anhui Province), and later he moved to Wuxi (now Jiangsu Province). In the first year of Yuanhe (806), he was a scholar in the spring. Yuan and four years, into Chang 'an, in addition to the school book lang. Yuanhe served as a teaching assistant in Guo Zi from eight to thirteen years. During the period, I made friends and sang with Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi, and had a deep friendship. He, Yuan Zhen and Li Beiyu are also called "Three Handsome" (Biography of Shen Li in Old Tang Dynasty). Mu Zongshi is a bachelor of Hanlin. In the fourth year of Changqing (824), Mu Zong died and Jing Zong acceded to the throne. He was framed by Li, Wang Shoucheng and others and demoted to Duanzhou Sima. Later, he served as the secretariat of Chuzhou and Shouzhou. In the sixth year of Daiwa (832), he was a guest of the Prince and served as the capital of the East. In the second year of Wuzong Huichang (842), he was assistant minister of Zhongshu, and he was the same clan as Zhongshu. Huichang for four years, with the Prime Minister as our envoy in Huainan. Huichang died in July of the sixth year at the age of 75.
Advocate the "New Yuefu Movement" with Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen. He wrote Twenty Poems of New Yuefu, which made him a pioneer of the new Yuefu movement. Unfortunately, this group of poems has been lost. Two ancient poems (the first one is entitled "Compassion for Peasants") written by him when he roamed the south of the Yangtze River in his early years are well known to later generations. The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty includes three volumes of Poems on Huai and one volume of Miscellaneous Poems.
This paper describes that pine trees are born on the edge of rocks, which is not concerned by ordinary people and is not known to craftsmen. However, when the weather is cold, "the forest is miserable (chestnut) and the mountains are sad". Except for the pine tree where the frost stopped snowing, all other trees have withered, but the leaves are not easy to change branches and flourish, showing its strange festival of "falling high and vigorous, and losing charm". The author enthusiastically praised the beauty of pine trees. Although the specific writing date of this poem has not yet been determined, judging from the author's life experience, it is likely that it was written in the fourth year of Changqing. He was framed by Li and Wang Shoucheng, saying that he had advised to establish a deep king, which was not good for him, but he was demoted to Duanzhou Sima without distinction soon after he acceded to the throne. This is the most serious political blow to him. He is ambitious and wants to lean towards the imperial court with his literary talent, assist imperial industry and help the world. But I didn't expect to be killed by this catastrophe. In the face of adversity, on the one hand, the author vented his resentment and made up his mind to "drive lightning and exorcise evil spirits" ("About Yuan Xiao"), on the other hand, he also showed that he should sharpen his ambition, stand like a cold pine, resist the cold and remain faithful.
This is a lyric poem. Although the space is short, it is also a form of imitating Han Fu. At the end of the article, there is a "nonsense" that summarizes the whole article. In prose, there are many parallel essays, but they are not all four or six sentences, but full of changes. The language is common and plain, with few allusions. It is a unique gift of a generation.
4. Seek to appreciate Li Shen.
Li Shen (772-846) has a vertical character, line 20. Because he is short and pithy, his old friend Bai Juyi calls him "short Li". County Wang Qiao (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province) was born in Wuxi because his father lives in Wuxi. In the first year of Yuanhe, he was a scholar, a school boy for four years and an assistant for nine years. Fourteen years as an observation judge of Shannan West Road, in May of the same year, except for the right. Mu Zong acceded to the throne, Zhuo Hanlin bachelor. In March of the first year of Changqing, Mr. Jia Sixun was appointed as Foreign Minister. In February of the following year, Mr. Scheeren, who moved to China, added another order. Later, Duanzhou Sima was demoted. He has also served as a long history of Jiangzhou, a secretariat of Chuzhou and a secretariat of Shouzhou. In the seventh year, Yamato was made a prince guest and took turns as an observer in eastern Zhejiang. In the ninth year, he became the prince's guest again and was assigned to the east capital. Later, he served as Henan Yin, Xuanwu Army and Huainan. In February of the second year of Huichang, he worshipped Assistant Minister Zhongshu and made peace with Zhongshu. Yuanhe wrote 20 new Yuefu poems (lost) in four years. Twelve articles in All Tang Wen and four volumes in History of the Whole Tang Dynasty. Complete Tang poetry supplement? Bu Yi, Xu Bu and Xu Shi complement nine poems and six sentences.
[lack of questions]
Castle peak fills the air and kills itself, and the road steps on the black dragon.
Romantic songs, oh, a madman, articles are always in danger.
Hezhuang, Chenxiangge in the north of the city, and the head of the quarrying river are no longer like this.
In order to sigh Gong, tears are like drops of wine.
To annotate ...
This poem is selected from the forty-four-year edition of "Chen Xian Fu Ji" (volume 27), which lacks the title. This poem can't be found in the Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty, nor is it a supplement to the Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty, Yi Bu, Bu Bu, Bu Bu Bu. Is Li's poem left out, or is someone else's poem in your name? It is not clear at present. Judging from the content of the poem, it was written by Li Bais Tomb in Dangtu Castle Peak.
Castle Peak Sentence: Castle Peak, located fifteen miles southeast of Dangtu County, twists and turns from north to south, and consists of three peaks: Qinglin Mountain, Wanjia Mountain and Baozi Mountain. The whole mountain is 15 miles long from north to south and 12 miles wide from east to west. Twelve years of Tang Yuanhe (8 17). The observation of Xuanshechi made Fan move Li Bais Tomb from the eastern foot of Longshan to the southwest of Qingshan (that is, the northwest of Baozi Mountain). Seclusion refers to grave robbery, that is, Li Bais Tomb.
Chenxiang Temple sentence: It refers to that during the early days of Tianbao, when Li Bai was a bachelor of Hanlin, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei enjoyed peony in the north of Chenxiang Temple in Xingqing Palace, and declared that Li Bai had three chapters of "Manjianghong Qingpingdiaoci". "I have received the imperial edict that I have not solved for nothing, and I have given it by pen." Yang Guifei "holds a pear seven treasures cup, drinks Pu Tao wine from Xiliangzhou, and laughs and sings. The meaning is very strong. On the basis of tuning the flute and leaning on the song, each song will be changed every time, and then the voice will be charming later. Drink it, Princess Zhen. Fold the embroidered towel, and then worship. In fact, Li Hanlin is very different from all bachelors. " (History of Music: Preface to Other Collected Works of Li Hanlin). But today's Yang Huaisheng proves that this poem was written by Tang Xuanzong. The name borrows this fact to tell Li Bai's proud experience during his bachelor's degree in Hanlin. Li's Preface to the Cottage Collection said: "During the Tianbao period, the emperor's ancestors issued an imperial edict to requisition the Golden Horse and stepped down to welcome it, as if to see splendor. Give the food to the Qibao bed and drink it with the spoon of the imperial hand ... put it in the golden palace, go in and out of the Hanlin, ask the national government, and dive into the grass to write the imperial edict. People don't know. " Therefore, this sentence is called He Gongzhuang.
Quarrying sentence: "Old Tang Book? Biography of Li Bai: Li Bai rejected by is. He is a vagrant and drinks all day. At that time, Cui Zongzhi, an imperial envoy, was relegated to Jinling, drinking wine with white stones, taking a boat in the moonlight, quarrying stones and arriving in Jinling. The White House was in the boat, and Gu Zhan smiled proudly. " It is said that although Li Bai was wearing a palace robe on the quarrying river, he was not wearing a palace robe when he was waiting to be summoned in the Hanlin. Therefore, this is really Li Bai's "tears like drops of wine" suffering. Press: Li Bai wore a palace brocade robe, and there is no record of Li Bai's poems when he dug the river head. However, as can be seen from this poem, even rumors have existed for a long time in the Tang Dynasty.
5. Li Shen, born in the seventh year of Tang Dali (772), was born in Bozhou, Anhui Province.
Father Wu Li once worked in Jintan, Wucheng (now Xing Wu, Zhejiang) and Jinling (now Changzhou).
When Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty was Emperor, he went to Wuxi with his family and settled in Tori (now Changfu Village, Dongting, Wuxi County).
Li Shen lost his father when he was very young, and his mother taught him to be upright. 15 years old, studying in Huishan. Youth time
Seeing that farmers worked all day and had no food and clothing, they were full of sympathy and indignation and wrote thousands of letters.
There are two lines in the ancient poem "Compassion for Peasants", including "There are no idle fields in the four seas, and peasants still starve to death".
The famous sentence "Who knows that every grain is hard" is known as "a poet who cares about farmers"
In the twentieth year of Zhenyuan (804), Li Shen went to Beijing to take the exam again, but failed to do so and lived in seclusion.
Location. He once wrote Yingying Song for Yuan Zhen's Biography of Yingying, which brought out the best in each other.
In the first year of Yuan Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty (806), he became a scholar and worked as a teaching assistant in imperial academy. After leaving Beijing and arriving
Jinling, our ambassador to the shogunate of Li Cheng. Because of dissatisfaction with Li's rebellion, he was imprisoned. Li Pei was killed.
After he was released from prison, he returned to Wuxi Huishan Temple to study. Yuanhe went to Chang 'an to be a school bookkeeper for four years, and Yuan.
Zhen and Bai Juyi advocated the poetic style of "New Yuefu" (known as the New Yuefu Movement in history) and wrote Yuefu.
20 new topics. Yuanhe rose to the right in fourteen years. Yuanhe served as the academician courtyard for fifteen years.
Scholar, involved in the "clique dispute", is an important figure on Li (Deyu)' s side, and once served as Cheng in the imperial history.
Assistant minister of the household department and other important positions. Together with Li Deyu and Yuan Zhen, they are called "Three Handsome". Four years of Changqing
In 824, Li Group lost power and was demoted to Sima in Duanzhou (now Zhaoqing, Guangdong). expel
During this period, Li Shen wrote many poems, describing the difficult road and venting his dissatisfaction. oneself
From the year of Bao Liyuan (825) to the fourth year of Taihe (830), Shen Li served as Jiangzhou's secretariat and ambassador to Chu.
State secretariat, Shouzhou secretariat, things have improved.
In the seventh year of Taihe, Li Deyu was the prime minister and Shen Li was the secretariat of East Zhejiang. Kaichengyuan
In 836, he served as Henan Yin (the chief executive in charge of Luoyang, the eastern capital), and was proclaimed as Bianzhou secretariat.
Xuanwujun is our ambassador, and Song Hao is the observation ambassador of Bianying. In August of three years, I compiled "Chasing the Past".
Poetry "3 volumes, and the preface. The preface of the poem describes the experience from adolescence to entering the frontier. Divide into five parts
In 2000, he served as our envoy in Huainan, and later went to Beijing to pay homage to each other. Ren Zhongshu's lover Tong Zhongshu wrote a flat chapter.
Later, he was promoted to the right assistant minister of Shangshu and named Zhao Guogong. Four years together.
In the fourth year of Huichang (844), he resigned due to a stroke. Later, he served as our special envoy in Huainan. Huichang six years
He died in Yangzhou at the age of 74 and was buried in his hometown of Wuxi. Give it to Qiu and Yi Wensu. work
Up to now, there are three volumes of Poems for Remembrance and 1 Miscellaneous Poems, which are included in the whole Tang Dynasty.
Poetry. There is also a song of Yingying, which is kept in the west wing.
6. What is Li Shen's name, number and person? Li Shen (772-846), known as Zhao Guogong, had a long word and a short title.
Bozhou Qiaocheng (now Qiaocheng District, Bozhou City, Anhui Province), Wucheng County (now Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province), the great-grandson of Li. When I was young, I studied at Huishan Temple in Wuxi, Runzhou (now Jiangsu).
Tang dynasty prime minister and poet. At the age of 27, he was admitted to middle school and became a teaching assistant.
He became close friends with Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi. The most brilliant part of his life is poetry. He is a participant in the new Yuefu movement, which has great influence in the history of literature. He wrote 20 new poems about Yuefu, which have been lost.
There are two poems entitled "Compassion for Farmers": "At noon on the day of weeding, sweat drips down the soil. Who knows that every grain of Chinese food is hard. " It is well known to all women and children, and it has been told through the ages.
The Complete Tang Poetry contains four volumes of Tang poetry.
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