How many climate types are there in the world? What are their characteristics?

(1) The climate of equatorial (tropical) rainforest is roughly distributed between north and south latitudes 10 degrees, with the Amazon Plain in South America, Congo Basin in Africa, Asia and lesser sunda islands as typical examples.

(2) The tropical monsoon climate is generally distributed on the east coast of the mainland between the north and south latitudes 10 and the Tropic of Cancer, and Indo-China Peninsula and India Peninsula in Asia are typical areas affected by the southwest monsoon. Most parts of Yunnan and the southeast corner of Tibet also belong to tropical monsoon climate.

(3) The climate of the savanna is generally distributed between latitude 10 and the Tropic of Cancer, with most parts of Central Africa and South America and northern and eastern Brazil and Australia as typical examples.

(4) The tropical desert (dry) climate is generally distributed in the mainland and west coast under the control of the north-south regression high pressure zone, with the desert areas of North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula in Asia and Australia as typical examples.

subtropical climate

(5) The subtropical monsoon climate is mainly distributed on the east coast of subtropical continent, with the eastern part of Asian continent as a typical example, such as south of Qinling-Huaihe River in China, southeast of North America, east of South America and southeast of Australia.

(6) The subtropical Mediterranean climate is mainly distributed on the west coast of subtropical continent, such as the Mediterranean coast, the west coast of the continent with latitude of 30-40 in North and South America, the southwest corner of Australia and Africa. The Mediterranean coast is the most extensive and typical.

temperate climate

(7) The temperate monsoon climate is mainly distributed in the eastern part of temperate Asian continent.

For example, North China, Northeast China and the Far East of the Soviet Union.

(8) Temperate maritime climate is mainly distributed on the west coast of temperate continent, such as the narrow strip of the west coast of Western Europe, North America and South America, with Western Europe as a typical example.

(9) The temperate continental climate is mainly distributed in Eurasia and the inland areas of North America.

Sub-frigid climate in frigid zone

(10) The continental climate in the sub-frigid zone is mainly distributed in northern Eurasia and northern North America.

(1 1) The climate of polar tundra is mainly distributed along the coast of the Arctic Ocean in Eurasia and North America.

(12) The climate of the polar ice sheet is mainly distributed in the Antarctic continent and Greenland.

plateau climate

(13) The alpine plateau climate is mainly distributed in high mountains and large plateaus, such as the Himalayas, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Andes in South America.