The Life of Characters in Huang Cheng's Works

In the 14th year of Yuan Dynasty (1277), although it was early winter on November 1st (165438+1October 27th), it was very warm and sunny. The clear water of Xiuhu Lake is sparkling in the sun; The breeze blew across the lake and rippled again. On this beautiful day of warm winter like spring, a baby boy was born in the yard by the embroidered lake, and the whole family was delighted. He is one of the "four sons" in Yuan Dynasty, a famous historian and a dazzling generation of satellites.

Huang Zhu, Huang Cheng's father, is a mother's child. Ancestor Huang Zhongfu inherited the spirit of his uncle Zong Ze. He is honest and clean, and he is a famous man with lofty ideals in the Southern Song Dynasty. According to Biography of Mr. Yin Gui, the eleventh supplement to The Complete Works of Literature, Qin Gui usurped the country in the middle of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty. After the peace talks were reached, he drove the literati to recite poems every day and praised the beauty of the so-called "peaceful rejuvenation." If someone says that "the traitor is in power", he will be arrested and killed immediately, and many literati will shrink their heads in fear. However, Huang Zhongfu, who was upright and upright, risked his life and angrily wrote Yuefu poems about Taiping Building. Poetry Day: "Sharpen the three-foot sword quickly, and you want to behead the courtiers." His brave move was a disaster, but it was also praised as a beautiful talk. After Qin Gui's death, several years later, Huang Zhongfu was appointed by the court, but he died without an order.

Huang Cheng is smart, talented, handsome and beloved. He has been obedient, studious and diligent since childhood, and never goes out to play casually on weekdays. The Book of Songs and the Book of History written by Professor Wang are unforgettable and fresh in my memory. He studied writing and made rapid progress. He wrote hundreds of words in one stroke. Over time, Huang Cheng's articles became famous in the local area and spread widely.

One day, 13-year-old Huang Cheng wrote an article "Mourning Zhuge Wuhou", which was read by the learned Mr. Shannan. After reading it carefully, he praised it more and more, saying, "In Yiwu, only Yu Liang and Yu Liangbi are famous for their writing today.". With a little training, this child can't compare with two metaphors? " Mr. Shannan, formerly known as Liu, is from Qingyan, Yiwu. He was the head of Yue Quan Academy and Zheng Xue, and lived in seclusion in Shimen Mountain at the end of the Song Dynasty. Therefore, Mr. Shannan accepted Huang as an apprentice, preaching and teaching, which made him grow a lot.

At the age of 20, Huang Cheng studied in Hangzhou, where he studied under the Southern Song Dynasty giants and some people of insight. At this time, Huang Wei, who was in his prime, seemed to swim in the ocean of knowledge, broadening his horizons and increasing his knowledge. "He studied modern literature."

After Huang Cheng returned to Yiwu from Hangzhou, his poetry flourished, so he made friends with Fang Feng, a poet who lived in seclusion in Xianhuashan, Pujiang, and wrote poems and sang songs to each other. In their hobbies, they learn from each other and inspire each other, which not only increases their knowledge, but also enhances their friendship. Of course, they wrote many beautiful poems.

More than 50 years later, Huang Cheng wrote many poems in memory of the late Mr. Fang. A cloud:

There are thousands of immortal flowers. They are absolutely beautiful.

The Temple of Heaven is the combination of Yao and Cao, and the grottoes are born with evil wind.

When you come with a stick, you will feel sad as soon as possible.

Fortunately, there are feet. Keep listening to the song.

At that time, Huang Cheng, who was famous for his literature, was indifferent to fame and fortune and "had no intention of being an official". However, many friends who know him strongly recommend him, hoping that he will serve the country. In the fifth year of Yuan Dade (130 1), 25-year-old Huang Cheng was promoted to instructor. Two years later, he was promoted to a constitutional official. But soon, Huang Cheng retired at home and was addicted to writing poems and compositions. In the first year of Yuanyanyou (13 14), the imperial court resumed the method of paying tribute to recruit talents. For Huang Cheng, who has long been famous, county officials urged him to take the exam. At that time, the provincial examination of Taiji Fu was conducted, and Huang Cheng took Chu Sheng as his work. His ci got rid of Chen Yan, was outstanding and extraordinary, and became a masterpiece in the examination room, which was read by people. The following year (13 15), Huang Chengting was selected for trial training. However, on the grounds of Huang Cheng's "passionate words", the reader was only the last of the top three when he published the list, and he was given a scholar background and a general. On April 22 (May 25) of the same year, he was named Cheng of Ninghai County, Taizhou Road.

Ninghai County, located on the eastern coast of Zhejiang Province, is close to the saltworks, and the salt industry is prosperous. However, some salt farmers are fearless, thinking that they are not affiliated with the county government, so they are out of control and do whatever they want, harming the people. However, some local officials were bought by these salt farmers, and they did not uphold justice and let it go, making this evil force even more unscrupulous and violent.

After Huang Cheng took office, he visited social conditions and public opinion. Seeing this scene, he felt deeply bitter. He did not hesitate to bring all the perpetrators to justice and would never tolerate them. At this time, some officials under Huang were very worried and afraid of retaliation. So, they carefully told Huang: "There are people behind this group, don't be angry!" " This persuasion, of course, is well-intentioned, thinking that Huang Cheng is new here and it is important to preserve his sanity. But Huang Cheng didn't flinch. He replied categorically: "The official can be improper, and the people can't ignore it." He still enforces the law like a mountain, bullying the weak and fearing the hard. After several efforts, the evil flame gradually disappeared and the people finally got peace.

There are many touching stories in the severe struggle to severely punish these pests. A stepmother committed adultery with a monk and killed her husband with poison. She was falsely accused of being killed by her husband's ex-son, who will be convicted. After listening to the crying of the day before yesterday, Huang Cheng took off his official uniform, dressed as a civilian, made an in-depth investigation and found out the truth, and finally let the truth of the case come out. The unjust case is cleared, the good man is saved and the murderer is punished. The people of the county applauded for Huang.

At that time, there were some hooligans in Ninghai county who participated in the theft group and attempted robbery. The county government was reported and offered a reward for arrest. However, in order to get a reward, local strongmen reported it at will without evidence, and arrested a number of "suspects" accordingly. However, because there is no real evidence, it is far from being finalized, which leads to a long delay. To this end, Huang Cheng investigated many parties, seriously tried them one by one and fairly decided the case. He neither wronged good people nor condoned bad people, during which more than 10 people were exempted from the death penalty.

The imperial court sent officials to inspect various places, and learned that Huang Cheng was capable and clean, and achieved remarkable results. So he was promoted to transport salt for Zhejiang and Zhejiang provinces, and he was ordered to supervise the transportation of the West Hospital four times, entrusting him to rectify the official management. Huang Cheng worked hard and acted impartially, and punished the illegal kiosk households in the saltworks. Gal, jigang, saltworks people convinced, for one of the clear.

In the sixth year of Yanyou (13 19), Huang Cheng was appointed as the prefect of Zhuji, Shaoxing Road, and was later exempted from prison tax in Hangzhou. Zhuji, known as "refractory" at that time, has a long history and many problems. After Huang Cheng took office, he was not afraid of difficulties and was careless. He sized up the situation, prescribed the right medicine, and made great efforts to break the situation. Eventually it became difficult to treat.

According to the usual practice, government patrol ships should be updated once every three years, and the cost should be paid by the government, but the insufficient part must be made up by the people. As a result, some corrupt officials took the opportunity to reach out and collect money from the people, charging more and paying less to enrich themselves. In response to this bad policy of blackmailing the people, Huang Cheng set an example, saved expenses, put an end to corruption, returned the extra money to the people, and reduced the burden on the people. The people received the returned money and cheered constantly, calling Huang an honest official.

At that time, there were still some lawless elements colluding with each other, disturbing society with counterfeit money and threatening people's wealth. And some local officials let them cheat, whether they smell it or not. These lawless people are even more daring, resulting in the proliferation of counterfeit money, affecting Xinchang, Tiantai, Ninghai, Dongyang and other neighboring counties, involving hundreds of people. The situation is very tragic. The governor ordered Huangcheng to investigate the matter. Through interrogation, Huang Cheng learned the truth and mastered sufficient evidence, which made the relevant personnel bow their heads and plead guilty. Officials who have committed dereliction of duty have been removed from the list, criminals have been punished, and those innocent people who have been implicated have also been freed, and ordinary people have no longer suffered from the scourge of counterfeit banknotes. But during this period, a thief secretly hid counterfeit money in a good citizen's house, and then "exposed" it to the government, gathered nearly 100 hooligans with sticks and rushed to the good citizen's house to search. He was aggressive and tried to rip him off in order to get rich. At this time, Huang Chenggang went to the countryside to return to the city and met the gang in the countryside. Huang was suspicious of this scene and asked, "There are only thirty bowmen in the state capital. How can there be so many people? " "Catch a thief" is speechless. Huang Cheng then ordered "Tiezizhou!" Seeing that the situation was not good, these villains hurriedly dispersed. The good citizen was finally saved from the disaster.

A thief was imprisoned in Qiantang county prison, but he was unfaithful, secretly colluded with a tramp and instructed the tramp to bribe the jailer, so the jailer released the thief privately. The jailer was greedy for money. As usual, he concocted false statements, sent thieves as guides, and arrested more than 20 people successively, in order to blackmail the people and demand money. Knowing this situation, Huang Cheng conducted an in-depth investigation and grasped all the facts. He called the jailer and told him sternly, "Be careful with thieves and discuss them carefully." He also sternly pointed out that the person who holds this document today is not a citizen of the country, and the situation is even more suspicious. In order to find out the truth, Huang Cheng ordered his men to chain the jailer, the thief who had just been released and more than 20 people who had just been arrested and send them to Qiantang County Prison. After the trial in the county prison, more than 20 people who were wrongly arrested were all released, and the jailers and thieves were punished. Those more than 20 innocent people are so grateful that they worship Huang as a god.

Huang Cheng has been a county official for more than 20 years. He has always been self-disciplined by his parents, sympathizing with the sufferings of the people and doing things for the people wholeheartedly. On weekdays, I only start from innocence, and I don't charge any money except for giving. He often sells his property to make up for his living expenses. He is so meticulous, honest and upright, with outstanding achievements, benefiting the local people. No wonder he is deeply loved and praised by the people. As one of Huang Cheng's favorite students, Song Lian, a famous writer at the end of Yuan Dynasty, who was later the "head of the civil servants in the Ming Dynasty", once described the scene when people were scrambling to read Mr. Huang Cheng's poems: "Literati at home, like Lao Zi, who was invited by literature, gathered in the court every day and tried to persuade them not to go. When an article is published, it is handed down from family to family. Although it is a unique country, everyone knows what they love. " There is an endless stream of people coming for advice.

Gao Zecheng, an outstanding opera writer in Yuan Dynasty who wrote Pipa, was born in Rui 'an, Yongjia. He came to Yiwu, not far from Wan Li, and worshipped Huang as a teacher. Gao Zecheng's creative thought was deeply influenced by Huang Cheng. Only Gao Zecheng has his own interests, loves reading miscellaneous books, likes to make friends with folk artists and collect folk stories, but pays little attention to Confucian classics. Huang Cheng thought it was not conducive to development, so he advised him to take the right path. However, high sincerity is good and difficult to change. So, before the end of your study, you will leave and go home. On the day of leaving, Gao Zecheng got up early and hurried on his way. Huang Cheng went upstairs and went into Gao Zecheng's bedroom, but when he saw that the building was empty, he got lost. In my depression, I suddenly saw Gao Zecheng's manuscript in the closet. I looked at it, and it was the draft script of Pipa Xing. Huang Cheng looked through it from the beginning and saw that the word was profound and delicate. After reading it, he was greatly surprised and amazed again and again. Heaven: "wizard, wizard!" " Huang Cheng, eager for talent, took buddhist nun on the road in a hurry to catch up with Gao Zecheng.

On the way, it suddenly began to rain and Huang didn't stop. After walking to Nantaoyan in Dongyang, I saw a gazebo. Huang Cheng went in with buddhist nun, and it happened that Gao Zecheng was sheltering from the rain. Huang Cheng was so happy that he sent buddhist nun to a nearby store to buy food and wine and give him a farewell dinner. Although the teachers and students drink from the stone benches in the pavilion, they are extremely excited and very happy. Huangshi cherishes talents like life and pours wine himself. He also raised his glasses three times, once for his brilliant talent, once for his lyrical words in the pipa, and the third time for his greater achievements! Rain, fog and fine weather, teachers and students shake hands in the sunset.

According to legend, this pavilion was called "Fenghui Pavilion" in ancient times, commonly known as "Shanbei Pavilion". Because the story of Huang Cheng's farewell to Gao Zecheng happened here, it was renamed "Three Cups Pavilion", and he raised his glasses three times to say goodbye. This is a much-told story passed down from generation to generation. In the second year of Shunshun (133 1 year), Huang Cheng was called to Beijing to join the DPRK and transferred to Hanlin as an imperial consultant and editor of the National History Museum. Later, I was promoted to a straight bachelor's degree in Hanlin, intermittent for 20 years.

In the first year of Zheng Zheng (134 1), Huang Cheng was appointed as a Confucian scholar in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. In the third year of Zheng Zheng (134 1), the court ordered Huang Cheng to compile three histories of Liao, Jin and Song, but he did not go because his mother was ill. After the filial piety, Dr. Zhongshun and his secretary were appointed as officials with less supervision.

In the sixth year of Zheng Zheng (1346), the right prime minister of Zhongshu Duojiban and the left prime minister of Zhongshu Taiping strongly recommended him, and Huang Weihan Lin received a bachelor's degree and was a fellow of national history.

In the eighth year of Zheng Zheng (1348), Huang Chengguan was promoted to a bachelor's degree as an agreement, knowing the imperial edict and the banquet. This year, he was appointed as the CEO to edit Heroes. Wang Qi, a student of Huang Cheng, works for the teacher in the history museum, discussing and writing with the teacher during the day; In the evening, we will sit on the sofa and discuss the essence of historiography. With his outstanding historical talent, rich historical knowledge, especially noble historical morality, Huang Cheng respected historical facts and never catered to them, making it a credible history. It can be said that "the pen cuts everything, and the history books remain in the world."

When Huang Cheng made the imperial edict, he spent a large sum of money to draft the national imperial edict, mass-produce it and record the inscriptions of sages. At that time, there were only two or three people in the court, so it was particularly valued. As a result, within the four seas, people who come to the door to ask for literature and worship Buddha are in an endless stream.

Huang Cheng, also an official at the banquet, went to the "command lecture" to explain the history to the emperor. Yuan Shundi once said to Dorje Ban: "When the civil servants are old, the imperial city is by my side." He is well-read and well-versed in history, telling the story of governing the country and keeping the country safe for the people The emperor happily told him that Qing used his sincerity and wisdom to enlighten me on the way of governing the country, which really benefited a lot. To this end, the emperor gave it gold satin many times. It is particularly worth mentioning that in his lectures, Huang Cheng always takes history as a mirror and uses vivid examples of historical ups and downs to state the truth of caring for people and loving things. This is tantamount to sounding an alarm to the emperor and persuading him to implement benevolent policies. In this way, when Huang Cheng was in Korea, he taught the emperor 32 times, which is rare among banquet officials.

Guo Zi School was founded in the Yuan Dynasty, which was the highest official institution at that time. Dr. Guo Zi, Professor of Guo Zi Studies. Guo Zi's doctor Huang Cheng taught his disciples. He never puts on airs as a teacher, and his disciples think he is approachable, just like his peers. At that time, Guo Zixue wanted to add four "rites coordination". Minister Yili should take the East-West coordination. Some scholars suggest that the seats should be divided into left and right competitions. In this regard, the same column did not dare to raise objections, and Huang Cheng came forward to stop the matter alone, and finally did not sit still. In such a relaxed and harmonious relationship between teachers and students, all students who come to study are more respectful and study harder. Many of them have made academic achievements, entered the official career and become contemporary celebrities. Song Lian, Wang Qi, Fu Shuo, Jin Juan, Julian and Fu Zao are all students of Huangshi.

Huang Cheng also served as an examiner after taking three provincial exams in Zhejiang and other provinces, and served as an examiner for the Shi Ting exam. Whether in the provincial examination or in the Tingkao, Huang Chengdu made great efforts to enroll students for further study with the heart of Bole and insight.

Huang Cheng is an honest official. He has been on and off in Beijing for 20 years, and he has always been both rigid and flexible, and he is upright in the court. He is "not enough to climb the door of a giant public power family", does not cling to power, does not flatter powerful people, and is aboveboard. The gifted scholars at that time all admired him and praised him with one voice: "The breeze is high, like a jade ruler, spotless."

Huang Cheng is proficient in Confucianism and also pursues Confucianism. He is especially filial to his parents and has a consistent heart. At the age of 67, he was not old enough to retire, but he kept thinking about his elderly mother in his hometown and couldn't wait to make a request to the emperor, accept his blessing and return to China. In April of the 9th year of Zheng Zheng (134), Huang Cheng played the emperor again and asked to resign and return to China. He went his own way before the imperial edict came down. Hearing this, the emperor immediately sent someone to chase him and chased him to the Wulin Post Station (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). Finally, he invited Huang Cheng back to Beijing and reinstated him.

In his later years, Huang Cheng devoted himself more to filial piety. On the first and fifteenth day of every month, regardless of the heat and cold, we should go to worship our ancestors and sweep the graves. He also tried his best to collect the legacy of the past and studied it carefully to make up for it. Ten years (1350) in April, Huang Cheng was seventy-four years old and finally retired. After he returned to his hometown in the south, he lived leisurely in the countryside of Chouzhou. However, he was still diligent in learning and strict in self-cultivation, and he never slacked off in his later years, especially in poetry and fu, and his interest remained undiminished. He "sings when he meets beautiful scenery and forgets all the time." In the meantime, he wrote five autumn poems, which expressed Huang's feelings in his later years and also reflected his feelings of worrying about the country and the people:

In the end, the clouds are gone, and the mountains are yearning. Liu Zhou's pottery is there, sighing for the ancients.

The wild magpie suspects Qiu Shu, and the new foal fears the road.

I miss my comrades-in-arms. I am a Confucian. (1)

When the wine is clear, climb the stairs and the sun goes down.

Cicadas sing sadly at dusk, and old geese return to long clouds.

Fall in the middle, live very late in Zheng Guangwen.

His name is so, but he is He Yun. (2)

A small autumn river falls, and Juanjuan stays in the dew.

The Qingjiang River stretches as far as the eye can see, and wild trees are interdependent.

Looking back at the number of crazy songs, we were wrong yesterday.

The firefly flew into the crimson curtain without thinking. (3)

Looking back, it's ordinary and sad.

You were born jealous, Jia Fu is worth it.

The world is willing to pity the oak tree, but I once pitied the grass.

Poem tells drama, why is it a genius? ㈣

The storm is still there, and the mountains and rivers are stranded.

Lazy to make trouble, lazy to be brave.

A weak vine shines on the stone, but an empty vine lies and blooms.

I'm interested in small things. The world is long. (5) Huang Cheng, who lives in seclusion among the people, has heard and witnessed the lives of the people and has deep feelings. "The storm is still falling, and the mountains and rivers are stranded." This is a true portrayal of social reality at the end of Yuan Dynasty. At that time, the ruling class was fatuous and corrupt, ethnic contradictions intensified, class oppression and exploitation intensified, social economy stagnated, and the broad masses of people lived a miserable life. Although Huang Cheng is an official, he is not stained with mud. Even after retiring from the officialdom, he still cares about the national economy and people's livelihood and expresses his infinite feelings for the world with dignified and gloomy poems.

Huang Cheng is a lonely and incorruptible person. Many of his essays, such as Letter to the Constitution, show the author's indifferent personality. Liu Lifu's biography praised a doctor who was smart, upright, unpaid and tried his best to save lives. "On Jia" describes the activities of businessmen, the gathering and trading of department stores, which is genuine and mercenary. This kind of common thing is despised by local doctors, but in order to get high officials and high salaries, scholar-officials are "superficial", do not talk about real talents and practical learning, and their conduct is not as good as that of businessmen. The article thinks that this is an unfair phenomenon, but in fact, a noble person is not as straightforward as a bitch. "Said that water is for the river" compares people with water, and "holds a trickle to make waves". Although overqualified, I finally paid a little bit of my own strength and didn't live by fraud. This kind of prose aimed at reality and touched on some social ills at that time. He wrote Biography of Liu Junshi, which described the deeds of Lu Xiufu, Zhang Shijie and others in detail, and showed his mourning for the loyal ministers and righteous men in the late Song Dynasty, which was also reflected in his poems: Grateful Tomb, Love, Phoenix Mountain and Painting Wood and Stone in Xuanhe. In his later years, Huang Cheng's mood gradually calmed down. For example, he said in the poem "To the Moon River warlock": "After sitting on earth for sixty years, I realized that my life is not great. Thousands of rivers are unlicensed in January, and the north branches are biased in the south. " I've seen too many injustices in the world, and it's no use begging. I was deeply moved.

Huang Cheng is approachable at ordinary times and never pretends to be a senior official. At the same time, he is strict with himself and never abuses his power. If relatives and friends ask him for help, he always refuses. Some greedy profiteers tried to get a part-time job through his recommendation, but he also resolutely refused and told them: "The state has set up official titles in order to select talents, serve the country and benefit the people. Can it be given and accepted as private property? " And encourage the greed of the greedy? "Some vulgar people said he was unreasonable, but he just laughed it off.

Huang Cheng's life, his political career is not much bumpy, but he is not arrogant and impetuous, always simple and honest, and never deliberately artificial. People who met him were also infected, and they were all "stingy". He is strong-willed, fierce as an enemy, sees injustice, and flies into a rage in the face of treacherous people, as if anxious and unforgiving. But he is open-minded and unbiased. If the unjust case is solved fairly and the traitor repents, it will be as warm as spring in an instant. He leads a frugal and unusual life. Although he is in a high position, he is never extravagant. He is expensive and can be poor. Daily life, bare, is no different from ordinary people. He wants nothing, and when he is "strong", he is "sitting outside alone, giving things around and being a servant."

In the seventeenth year of Zheng Zheng (1357), on the fifth day of September (10, 18), Huang Tong died at the age of 8 1. When the bad news came, the bachelor doctor heard it and cried, "Huang Gong is dead, and a generation of articles is gone!" He was posthumously awarded by the imperial court as Dr. Zhongfeng, a scholar in Jiangxi and other places, and a "Jiangxia County Duke" and "Literature" in posthumous title. Students Song Lian, Wang Xian, Jin Juan, Fu Zao, etc. Everyone came to the funeral. On June 18 (65438+1October 3 1), he and his wife Wang, who died a year ago, were buried together in the original site of Dongye, Chongde Township, Huali, northeast of the county, near the filial piety temple on the south side of the road. The stone tablet no longer exists, but the tomb site is still there.