Classical Chinese Translation of Class 25, Grade 6: Two children debated on the same day.

The day when two children argued;

Confucius traveled eastward and saw two children arguing on the way. Ask them what they are arguing about.

A child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it first comes out, and far away from people at noon." Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it first comes out and close to people at noon.

The previous child said, "When the sun first came out, it was as big as the roof of a car, and at noon, it was as small as the mouth of a wine glass. Isn't this just looking small from a distance and looking big from a distance? "

Another child said, "It's cool as soon as the sun comes out, and it's hot when you put your hand into hot water at noon. It's not hot when it's near, and it's not cold when it's far away? "

Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right and wrong. The two children smiled and said, "Who says you know more than others?"

When Confucius traveled eastward, he saw two children arguing (1) and asked him why (2).

A son said, "I started from (3) the day I went out, (4) people were near, and Japanese and China were far away." Another child thinks that the sun is far from the sun when it rises, and it is closer to people at noon.

A son said, "When the sun rises, it is as big as a hood (6), and when it rises at noon (7), (8) is like a vegetable bowl (9). This is not (10) which is smaller and which is closer? "

A son said, "It's cool when the sun rises in the morning (1 1), just like exploring soup at noon (12). Isn't this near hot and far cold? "

Confucius can't decide (13). The two children laughed and said, "Who is smarter than you (15)?"

(1) Debate: Debate, debate.

(2) reason: reason, reason.

(3) take: think, think.

(4) Go: Leave.

(5) noon: noon.

(6) Car cover: The canopy on ancient cars was umbrella-shaped.

And: here we are.

(8) then: just.

(9) jar: an open vessel for holding wine and food.

(10) Yes: Yes.

(1 1) Cang Cang Liang: cold and cloudy, with cool weather.

(12) soup exploration: put your hand into hot water. It means it's very hot.

(13) judgment: ruling, judgment.

(14) who: who, which.

(15) ru: you.

The writing features of A Day of Two Children Arguing;

1, the language is concise and reasonable.

2. Be good at using metaphors. For example, when two children argue about the phenomenon of "the distance between the suns", they use two metaphors such as "like a car cover" and "like a plate cylinder" to explain the size of the sun in detail, and combine "the beginning of a day" and "Japan and China" to clarify the reasons for the conclusion; On the one hand, starting from the feeling, taking Tantang as a contrast, combining the Early of the Day and Japan-China, the reasons are also made clear. Because the author is good at using metaphors, the language is vivid and convincing, which is easy to be understood and accepted by people.

Neither of the two children is quite right.

Ignore the revolution of the earth and only consider the rotation. From the center of the sun to a fixed point on the surface of the earth, it must be a long distance in the morning and a short distance at noon. It's just that the change of this distance is not enough to make it hot at noon and cool in the morning. The heat at noon and the coolness in the morning are all caused by the incident angle of the sun, which is not the truth that "two children argue for a day".

This article is an allegorical story. The article describes that in ancient times, two children relied on their own intuition. One thinks that the sun is close to people in the morning, and the other thinks that the sun is close to people at noon. For this reason, they hold their own opinions and argue endlessly, even a knowledgeable person like Confucius can't make a judgment. This story shows that in order to understand nature and explore objective truth, we must dare to think independently and question boldly; It also shows that the universe is infinite and knowledge is infinite. Even the most knowledgeable people will know something and learn endlessly.

This story can be understood in three parts. Write the argument between Confucius and Lu Yu first, and point out the time, place, characters and reasons of the story. Two children put forward two completely different views on how far the sun is from the earth at different times. Then write about two children who use the intuition (vision and touch) that people can experience in their daily lives to clarify their views in order to refute each other's views. Finally, I wrote that the argument between Confucius and the two children was inconclusive, which led them to "laugh". The full text is only a hundred words, but it can give people a lot of inspiration. It is the characteristic of language expression to express characters and unfold stories through dialogue description, which shows the innocence and loveliness of two children and Confucius' scientific attitude of being modest and seeking truth from facts.

The main purpose of writing this article is to let students understand the language characteristics of ancient Chinese, and at the same time realize that knowledge is endless and learning is endless.

The difference in meaning between ancient and modern times is the difficulty in learning this article. For example, the meaning of "going" in "I want to be close to people when the sun rises" is different from that commonly used in modern times. In addition, there are few words such as "who" and "ru" in modern Chinese, and such words should be understandable by students.

This story contains profound truth: two children like to explore, and their spirit is commendable; Two children know things from different angles and have different results; Confucius can treat children's problems correctly and seek truth from facts.

At the end of the article, Confucius was "uncertain", so students should know that many natural phenomena are common-sense scientific knowledge for us, but in ancient times, it was difficult to solve the mystery because of underdeveloped technology, so Confucius' "uncertainty" was understandable. It can be seen that the universe is big and the knowledge is wide, up and down, although the wise can't know everything. Confucius did not "think he knew what he didn't know", but adopted a realistic attitude of "knowing what he knows is knowing, and not knowing is not knowing".

Repeated reading is the most important way for beginners to learn classical Chinese. When studying this article, we should pay attention to guiding reading aloud. Read the article aloud and read the pause in the sentence according to the following tips.

Confucius traveled eastward to see/two children/debate and asked him why.

A son said, "I started on/day/when I left/when I approached/when I was in Japan/when I was far away." A child goes far at the beginning of a day and comes near at the beginning of a day.

A son said, "when the sun rises, it is as big as the hood of a car, and at noon, it is like a dish." Isn't this/the far is small/the near is big? "

A son said, "It's cool at sunrise and cool at noon, like exploring soup. Is it not hot near/cold far away? "

Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right or wrong. The two children smiled and said, "Who/for you/for Zhihu?"

reference data

1. This article is selected from Liezi Tang Wen. Liezi is said to have been written by Lieyukou, a Zheng man in the Warring States Period (about 450-375 BC), which preserved many excellent fables and folk stories in the pre-Qin period.

2. Confucius (5565438 BC+0-479 BC), whose name is Zhong Ni. Lu Yi (now southeast of Qufu, Shandong Province) was a thinker, politician, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. His words and deeds throughout his life were compiled into The Analects by his students and spread all over the world.

3. Scientific knowledge about "two children debating on the same day".

The distance between the sun and the earth is the same in the morning and at noon. Why does the sun look bigger in the morning than at noon? This is a visual error and illusion. The same object appears small in a group of larger objects, but large in a group of smaller objects. Similarly, the morning sun rises from the horizon with trees, houses, distant mountains and a small corner of the sky as the background. In this contrast, the sun looks bigger at this time. At noon, the sun rises high and the vast sky is the background. At this time, the sun appears small. Secondly, the white object of the same object is bigger than the black object. This physical phenomenon is called "light penetration". When the sun rises, the background is a dark sky and the sun is particularly bright; At noon, the background is the blue sky in Wan Li, and there is little contrast between the sun and its brightness, so it is smaller.

The temperature at noon is higher than in the morning. Is the sun closer to us than in the morning? Not exactly. The main reason is that the sun shines obliquely on the earth in the morning and directly on the earth at noon. At the same time and in the same area, the direct heat is higher than the oblique heat. At the same time, at night, the heat of the sun on the ground dissipates, so it feels cool in the morning; At noon, the heat of the sun shines on the ground, so I feel hot. Hot and cold temperatures can't explain how far the sun is from the ground.