What are the main reasons for the changes in British economic geography?

General situation of physical geography in Britain;

Britain is an island country, which consists of Great Britain, northeastern Ireland and many nearby islands. East of the North Sea, facing Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark and Norway; Ireland is adjacent to the west, and the United States and Canada are facing each other across the Atlantic Ocean. North across the Atlantic to Iceland; Cross the English Channel 33 kilometers south to France.

England covers an area of 6.5438+0.3 million square kilometers, accounting for most of the island of Great Britain. This area is divided into four parts from west to east: the Midland Plain centered on the Severn River basin; Highlands about 200 meters above sea level; London basin; Wilder Hills.

Wales covers an area of over 20,000 square kilometers, with mountainous territory and rugged terrain. The land in Wales14 is listed as national parks and nature reserves.

Scotland and many small islands around it cover an area of 78,000 square kilometers. The whole area is mountainous, and only the middle part is relatively flat.

Northern Ireland covers an area of10.4 million square kilometers, facing the island of Great Britain across the Irish Sea. There are many lakes in Northern Ireland, including Lake Neuer, the largest lake in Britain. The lake is a plain.

The climate belongs to the maritime temperate broad-leaved forest climate. The average temperature on the hottest day (July) is 19 ~ 25℃, and the average temperature on the coldest day (65438+1October) is 4 ~ 7℃. England is low-lying, with an average annual rainfall of 830mm. The rainfall in the western and northern mountainous areas is relatively large, reaching 4000 mm. The island has a mild climate, but the weather is changeable. British people often say: "There is climate abroad, but only weather in Britain" to show that the weather here is unpredictable. Indeed, it is not uncommon to see sunny, cloudy and rainy days in one day. This weather makes people very cautious. Seeing an Englishman wearing a raincoat and carrying an umbrella when he goes out on a sunny morning, foreigners may find it ridiculous, but he will soon regret his "ridiculousness". The changeable weather also provides people with frequent topics, and even the most taciturn people in Britain like to talk about the weather.

The main mineral resources in Britain are coal, iron, oil and natural gas. The total reserve of hard coal is1.700 million tons. The reserves of iron are about 3.8 billion tons. There are tin mines in Cornwall Peninsula in the southwest. There are many stone salts in Cheshire and Durham. Staffordshire has good clay. White clay is produced in Cornwall Peninsula. Dolomite can be mined in the east slope of pennines. The timely mine is located near Hill Hildry in the southwest of Lancashire. The oil reserves on the continental shelf of Britain's North Sea are about10 ~ 4 billion tons. Natural gas reserves are about 860 ~ 2585 billion cubic meters.

General situation of British human geography;

The national flag is a horizontal rectangle with an aspect ratio of 2∶ 1. This is a "meter" flag, which consists of a dark blue background and red and white "meters". The red cross with a white border in the national flag represents St George, the patron saint of England, St Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland and St Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. This flag was made in 180 1, and it was formed by overlapping the original English white red plus ten flags, the Scottish blue and white cross flag and the Irish white red cross flag.

The national emblem is the symbol of the king. The central pattern is a coat of arms, and the upper left corner and lower right corner of the shield are three golden lions with a red background, symbolizing England; In the upper right corner is a red lion standing on the golden ground, symbolizing Scotland; In the lower left corner is the golden harp on the blue ground, symbolizing Ireland. On both sides of the coat of arms are a lion wearing a crown representing England and a unicorn representing Scotland. There is a motto written in French around the coat of arms, which means "evil is rewarded with evil, and evil with evil"; There is a guardian medal hanging at the bottom, and the ribbon says "God has God, I have rights". At the top of the coat of arms is a gold and silver helmet inlaid with jewels, an imperial crown and a crowned lion.

National anthem "God Save the Queen" (if the incumbent is a male monarch, the national anthem will be changed to "God Save the King").

National flower rose

National bird red-breasted pigeon

Shiguo diamond

The Science Festival 183 1 begins and is held once a year.

Science Week starts from 1994 and is held every March.

Queen Elizabeth II, a national politician, was crowned on February 6, 19521June 2, 1953; David Cameron, the Prime Minister who took office in May 20 10 and was re-elected in May 20 15, is the first Conservative Prime Minister to win re-election, which is the first time that the Conservative Party has been in power alone since 1992.

The population is about 6465438+ ten thousand (201June). The official language is English, Welsh is also used in northern Wales, and Gaelic is still used in the highlands of northwest Scotland and parts of Northern Ireland. Most residents believe in Protestantism, which is mainly divided into the Church of England (also known as the Anglican Church, whose members account for about 60% of British adults) and church of scotland (also known as the Presbyterian Church, with 590,000 adults). In addition, there are Catholic churches and larger religious groups, such as Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism and Buddhism.

London, the capital; Population: 8.2 million (20 1 1 year). The hottest month is July and the general temperature is 13℃-22℃. The coldest month is 65438+ 10 month, and the general temperature is 2℃-6℃.

Administrative divisions are divided into four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. England is divided into 43 counties. Scotland has 32 districts, including 3 special administrative regions. There are 22 districts in Wales. Northern Ireland consists of 26 districts. The parliaments of Scotland and Wales and their administrative bodies are fully responsible for local affairs, while the central government still controls foreign affairs, national defense, overall economic and monetary policies, employment policies and social security.

Constitutional law The British Constitution is not.