Who is the most diligent, industrious and simple emperor in China?

It is undeniable that Chongzhen Chongzhen is the emperor of national subjugation, but strangely, he is a king of national subjugation who is seldom scolded. Let's take a look at several famous kings of national subjugation in history. Emperor Han Xian was weak and incompetent. Chen is a dissolute and shameless emperor. Yang Guang, emperor of Yang Di, forget it. The reputation of a tyrant can be compared with that of Qin Shihuang. Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, is longer than a woman's hand. How many wars has she been through? Although I said a good word, it was at the expense of three thousand miles. Finally, I disobeyed the order and couldn't even keep my birthday a week later. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Hui Zong and Li Yu were inseparable. In history, there are more accusations than sympathy for these people (Li Yu was spared by Ci).

But Chongzhen is different. Let's first look at how Li Zicheng, who let him rebel for more than ten years, described him: "Jun is not very dark, isolated from the world, and has a lot of stoves; I am not as loyal as the party. "(Deng Ji Zhao) Li Zicheng was desperate because he could not survive under the rule of the Ming Dynasty, and he had a mortal enemy with Emperor Chongzhen. But what he said in this passage is very polite. It is obviously an elegant statement that "you are not the king of national subjugation, but all ministers are ministers of national subjugation". Even Li Zicheng thinks so, let alone others.

In Qing Dynasty, Zhang commented on Chongzhen in The Legend of the Thief of Ming Dynasty: "Alas! Zhuang Lie was not the king of national subjugation, but he lacked the skill of saving the country when he was fortunate in national subjugation. He was in a state of anxiety and confusion, and in the last ten years, he survived seven years. But I didn't listen to the peace plan, and I didn't see the generals of Li and Guo between the lines. I am dead, subverting the Zongshe, I am a martyr! "

In fact, before Emperor Chongzhen ascended the throne, the Ming Dynasty had existed in name only. Except Zhu Maoyuan Zhang and Zhu Chengdi, no one can really tell the truth about the Ming emperor. There are emperors who have not been to court for decades, emperors who like to be carpenters, emperors who have struggled with ministers for years for their parents' fame, emperors who like to be generals and what to be, emperors who like to be their own wet nurses, emperors who have died after eating red pills, and emperors who like to travel incognito and flirt with good women.

Moreover, from the beginning to the end of the Ming Dynasty, foreign invasion continued, Mongolia, Walla and Manchuria rose one after another, and wars broke out one after another. There are traitors, such as Wang Zhen, Cao Jixiang, Liu Jin, Gu Dayong, Wei Zongxian and Wang Chengen, who successively took control of state affairs. Moreover, since the traitors came to power, the party struggle between the eunuch party and the DPRK party, the dispute between right and wrong, and the opinions of the portal have all caused internal friction in state affairs.

So when Emperor Chongzhen ascended the throne, the Ming Dynasty was already in turmoil. Such a country has taken over and there is no chance.

However, Emperor Chongzhen did not learn from his ancestors. In the early days of his rule, he showed a sense of superiority to the Ming emperor. One is decisiveness, and the other is diligence.

In August of the seventh year of the Apocalypse, Ding Si was Emperor Chongzhen. In November, Jia placed Wei Zhongxian in Fengyang, and in November, Wei Zhongxian hanged himself. In December, Wei Liangqing and Hou Guoxing, the son of Hakka, were executed. On the third day of the first month of Chongzhen, Wei Zhongxian and his party Cui Chengxiu were slaughtered. In June, Quan Feng and Wei Guangwei were cut from Wei Zhongxian Party membership. In the first month of the second year of Chongzhen, Ding Chou decided to reverse his conviction, ranking from Cui Chengxiu to the next six.

This series of measures effectively eliminated the influence of Wei Zhongxian and Hakkas, consolidated their political status, and gradually clarified the harm of castration. It makes the spirit of the ruling and opposition parties ups and downs, making people seem to see the hope of the Ming Dynasty. However, he continued to favor eunuch Wang Chengen and made the same mistake as the former emperor.

As for his diligence, Volume 24 of Ming History says: "However, he has been in office for ten years and seven years, and he has been quiet and remonstrated and managed with his heart." And judging from many measures taken by Chongzhen, he also wants to do something promising. In his seventeen years in office, he used the words "sin has been decreed" to appease the people's hearts, and all the words he used were extremely self-blaming.

For example, when there was a drought in April for ten years and there was no rain for a long time, the emperor said this in "Sinful Zhao Ji".

"... Zhang Guan set up officials, who originally ruled the country and her daughter. Today, I am an official for myself and have the same trade with the official. It takes more fire to urge money and food, and more envy after eating the right amount. Even if it has been exempted, it is also a private levy; Only discuss repairs, and (really) take the opportunity to moisten yourself. Or buy worthless, or mail sedan chair. If you send envoys, you will sell the rich and the poor, or be reasonable, you will be straight. If Adu goes against his wishes, he will beat Park at will. If the bag has money, it will be easy to accommodate. Massage recommendation distortion, Tianjin reputation upside down. Another example is Xun Yu's insatiable greed, and both capitals are greedy. The township official destroyed the defense and invaded the land. Take a rogue as a pawn and be sacrificed by traitors. Unscrupulous officials bend in fear of the situation. Accumulate evil and seduce. Hey, Wang, who can rest in peace! "("Introduction to the North of Ming Dynasty "Volume 13)

But why did such a decisive, diligent and loving emperor die under the cool breeze and bright moon in Jingshan Park? .

Chongzhen's decisiveness is well documented, and punishing the Wei family is the most glorious thing in his seventeen-year emperor career. After that, his decisiveness was misused.

Doubt+decisiveness is the greatest poison that the emperor gave to all loyal ministers and good generals. Yuan Chonghuan, a hero who killed Nuerhachi, a warrior who made Manchu in Abala, and a loyal minister who wanted to learn from Yue Fei, finally ended up like Yue Fei, died of the worst plagiarism and destroyed the Great Wall. This is the decisiveness of Chongzhen. "Since Chonghuan is dead, no one will benefit from border affairs, and the Ming Dynasty will be determined." (Biography of Yuan Chonghuan in Ming Dynasty).

The suspicion of Chongzhen is the biggest among the Ming emperors. After killing Yuan Chonghuan, I became more and more distrustful of ministers. During his tenure, how many government officials were killed, just how many cabinet prime ministers are not counted, but if calculated on an annual average, especially in the last few years of his tenure, perhaps no one can compare with him.

If an emperor is so bold in political affairs, he will die sooner or later.

As for his love for the people, his "sin has been wronged" and his order of "reducing meals and retiring from pleasure" is really "gaining fame" and hiding people's eyes and ears. During the Chongzhen period, the border was disturbed, thieves and bandits frequently broke out, wars broke out for more than ten years, and droughts in the north lasted for more than ten years. The people have no livelihood and the state treasury has no money. Obviously.

In the ninth year of Chongzhen, in fact, some people put forward a plan to solve the financial emptiness. The twelve-year-old book "A Brief Introduction to the North of Ming Dynasty" is exactly this: "In April, martial artists played in China, so I asked the minister to help me pay." Qian, a bachelor, suggested trying to do something, but he didn't listen. Scholars say:' People who are better than others are lucky to make progress and have many disciples. However, Li Xian advocated that Hao You, a gentleman, should be registered to lose his official position, and hoped to practice the law without real records. This is all chaos in the world. In front of saints, villains are unscrupulous! The evil thing is that the rich people annex the king's ears, while the counties and cities have rich people, which is also the source of food and clothing for the poor. Blame the lack of soldiers on the rich family, and lose soldiers, Qin Shihuang couldn't do it in Baqing, and Han Wudi couldn't do it in Bo Shi. When this discussion was initiated, desperate villains clashed with the rich, and chaos began. "Stylistically, I want to be reasonable and changed."

"In this world, I am still responsible for promotion. I don't want to be a minister, I just want to be famous. I've put enough. There is no need to draw. ..... "And Li Xian, as Leo Lee in" Ming Wu Lulve "said," Leo Lee, a military man in the south of the Yangtze River, wrote a letter asking the rich people in the south of the Yangtze River to sign up for reimbursement ",which was refuted by the university students' money.

In fact, this Li Sheng is pedantic. The Ming Dynasty existed for more than 200 years. How can there be a poor emperor? Moreover, in the past, there were several stingy emperors who put money, and there were also several emperors who were especially good at changing money. Whether or not to take it out is the key. It is embarrassing to ask the emperor's lieutenants for money. In addition, does he imply that the emperor also has private money and refuses to take it out? His passbook can only be handled in this way, which is his fate.

After Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, he opened the inner library and found that "the old city has accumulated thirty-seven million ingots, all of which are five hundred (ten? ) Second, the word Yongle is engraved (Volume 20 of "Ming Ji Bei Lu"). So much money, if really used to put the library to help the poor, maybe Li Zicheng won't object, the Qing soldiers can't get in, and Jingshan Park doesn't have to commit suicide (the only possibility). Even if it is not enough, it is much more affordable than "culpable of punishment" and "reducing meals and withdrawing music", and ordinary people will buy him some.

Chongzhen's national subjugation, as stated in the Ming Dynasty. The biography of thieves is still comprehensive:

After Zhuang Lie succeeded to the throne, he established the courtiers' party bureau, which consumed the material resources of the grassland, destroyed the laws and regulations of the country and robbed the frontier. Although Zhuang Lie is keen to start over, he only manages nuclear affairs in name. However, whether talents are talented or not, the right and wrong, the gains and losses of political affairs, and the success or failure of military aircraft are not seen at home and will not waver outside. Suspicious and allowed to check, so rigid and angry. Any inspection is harsh and ungrateful, and you will lose your head when you get angry. Thieves and thieves are everywhere, and those who appoint political leaders are either mediocre or clumsy, suppressing both ends and achieving nothing. Ministers at home and abroad have saved lives and refused to give them. People who speak directly and to the point will be eliminated. He was appointed as a handsome man, with great power and great merits. The loser will kill a general, and the city will kill an official. Reward and punishment are too clear, punishment is not allowed, and management is too strict. Natural disasters are prevalent, hunger is rampant, politics is complicated and external rebellion is rampant. For example, a person's body is full of vitality, gangrene is toxic, and syncope is already very dangerous, but the doctor is good, the medicine is hot and cold, and he is terminally ill, but he can't save it. Why not die? It is Ming Wu, and it dies by thieves, and the root of its death is not thieves. Oh! Zhuang Lie was not the king of national subjugation, but he lacked the skill of saving the country when he was fortunate in national subjugation. He was in a state of anxiety and confusion, and in the last ten years, he survived seven years. But between the lines, Li and Guo Jiangjun were not seen, and the death caused the subversion of the Zongshe, so that they could be martyred!

Leading to the demise of the Ming dynasty, party struggles, evil laws, border troubles, thieves, etc. They all have to write several monographs, and this is only a temporary gift.