Why does the closer the earth is to the sun, the colder the temperature and weather will become?

In the cold winter, people always bake ovens or heaters after entering the house. And as we all know, the closer to the stove or heating, the higher the temperature; The farther away from the stove or heating, the lower the temperature. Then the sun is also a big stove. Sometimes the earth is close to the sun, and sometimes it is far away from the sun. Is the temperature high when it is near the sun and low when it is far from the sun? Because the earth's orbit around the sun is elliptical, the distance between the sun and the earth is constantly changing. Every year, 65438+10.3 is the latest day, and July 4 is the farthest day.

It should be hot in June and cold in July, but the actual situation is just the opposite. In fact, the earth is too far from the sun. The average distance between them is 65.438+0.5 billion kilometers, while the farthest distance between the sun and the earth is only 5 million kilometers. This distance has little effect on the earth's gain of solar heat.

It turns out that the angle of the sun determines the heat and cold on the earth. Because the earth revolves around the sun obliquely, the angle at which the sun shines somewhere on the earth is constantly changing. In summer, the sun shines directly in the northern hemisphere; In winter, the sun sets in the northern hemisphere. The same amount of sunlight, the direct place is smaller than the oblique place. In places of the same size, when the sun shines directly, it gets more sunshine and the weather is hot; When the sun is tilted, it gets less sunshine and the weather is cold.

Then, the mountain is close to the sun, why is it colder than the mountain? This is because the atmosphere around the earth gets heat from the sun, but air warming is not directly radiated by the sun, but by the ground. Water vapor and dust in the air have poor absorption ability to solar radiation, but strong absorption ability to ground radiation. Generally speaking, it is the sun that heats the ground first, and then the ground releases heat to raise the air temperature. Although the high ground is close to the sun, the air is thin, so it absorbs less radiation from the sun and the ground. Carbon dioxide in the air has the function of heat absorption and heat preservation, and the plateau air is thin, with low carbon dioxide content and poor heat absorption and heat preservation ability; At the same time, when the air rises, the pressure decreases and the volume expands, which itself consumes some heat. So the higher the terrain, the lower the temperature. Generally speaking, every time the terrain rises 100 meters, the temperature drops by 0.6℃. Therefore, some peaks of Qilian Mountain, Tianshan Mountain, Kunlun Mountain and Himalayan Mountain in western China are covered with ice and snow all the year round.