The sun shines on the earth's surface through the thick atmosphere. Where is the weather formed?

Usually, the short-wave radiation of the sun can pass through the atmosphere, and after reaching the surface of the earth, some of it will be absorbed by the earth, and the rest will be reflected back into space. Global warming comes from the fact that the earth absorbs the short-wave radiation from the sun, thus increasing the temperature. One radiates heat to the atmosphere in the form of long waves, and the other transfers heat to the atmosphere in the form of convection and conduction.

The temperature of the atmosphere generally decreases with the increase of height, and the temperature of the bottom atmosphere is higher than that of the upper atmosphere, which makes the pollutants in the ground layer evacuate to the upper air, thus reducing the degree of urban air pollution. Weather refers to the specific state of the atmosphere near the surface in a short period of time. The comprehensive expression of temperature, pressure, wind, clouds, fog, rain, snow and thunder in the atmosphere is called "weather phenomenon".

The formation process of weather refers to the process state of weather changing with time in a certain area. Weather has a certain space-time scale, which interweaves and interacts with each other in various scale systems, forming a large-scale weather situation and hemispheric or global atmospheric circulation. In the process of constant change, rebirth, development and extinction, the weather formation system has formed different corresponding weather phenomenon distributions.

The systematic changes of various weather have different birth and death conditions and energy sources, which are very changeable and complicated. Even weather systems with the same characteristics will have different birth and death conditions and energy sources. For example, in temperate cyclone weather, the weather is mainly determined by air divergence caused by sky vorticity advection, and the energy source is the effective potential energy from atmospheric baroclinic.

The restriction of large weather system affects the occurrence and development of small weather system, and the corresponding response of small weather system can maintain and strengthen large weather system. The birth and death conditions, energy sources and interactions of weather systems are the main research contents of synoptics.

There are different climates on the earth, and the main reason for its weather formation is that there is air and water on the earth. The weather in spring, summer, autumn and winter on the earth has different phenomena in different regions. In the atmosphere, cold air is heavier and heavy air sinks, forming a high pressure area, which is often the climate in spring. The warm air is lighter, and the light air rises to form a low-pressure area, which is often cloudy or stormy. Air always flows from the high pressure area to the low pressure area. If air flows from one place to another, it will produce wind, and its cold air, hot air, dry or humid airflow will affect different weather. For example, the moisture in the air is our common water vapor, which sometimes forms clouds such as rain, sleet and snow fog.

The weather forecast in our daily life is based on the study of the law of atmospheric change. The weather forecast can be divided into short-term (2~3 days), medium-term (4~9 days) and long-term (10~ 15 days). The daily weather forecast broadcast by CCTV is mainly short-term weather forecast. According to meteorological observation data, it is of great significance for each of us to study atmospheric weather.