Bieerqiebuhua classical Chinese translation

1. Tuotuo is selected from the translation of the classical Chinese text of Yuan Dynasty

Tuotuo, the word is big and useful. He is different from ordinary children since he was a child. He is slightly older and can draw a strong bow.

At the age of fifteen, he was appointed as the crown prince and Xue Guan. In the first year of Tianli (1328), he was appointed to promote Sidalu Huachi.

In the second year of Yuantong (1334), Emperor Shun was appointed as a member of Tongzhi Xuanzheng Yuan, but he still held his former position. In May of the same year, he was promoted to Zhongzheng Envoy, and in June of the same year, he was promoted to Tongzhi Privy Councilor.

In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1335), Qishi of the Tang Dynasty was accused of rebellion. His party members responded internally and mobilized troops to respond externally. Tuotuo led an elite army to capture the rebels alive and eliminate harm for the court. He successively served as Tai The envoys of Xizongyuan, Yushi Zhongcheng and Hufu Qinjun all commanded the left Asuwei. In the fourth year of the Yuan Dynasty, he was promoted to the imperial censor, and he still held the previous post. He greatly promoted the imperial court and was respected both at home and abroad.

Following Wenzong back from Shangdu to the Hun River in Jiming Mountain, Wenzong was about to hunt in Baoan Prefecture, and the horse he was riding suddenly started to frighten. Tuotuo admonished: "In ancient times, emperors sat above the ninth level, and every day they discussed with their ministers the ways to govern and secure the country. As for flying eagles and lackeys, it was really not the emperor's business."

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Wenzong followed his advice and awarded him the title of Jin Ziguanglu doctor and the governor of Shaoxi. After Qishi was executed for his rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, Boyan, the Prime Minister on the right side of Zhongshu, took over the power and used evil villains to appoint officials and knights without authorization, killing innocent people indiscriminately. He commanded the elite soldiers of the guards and used the money and silk in the treasury. The emperor was very angry about this. Dissatisfied, but no solution.

Boyan is Tuotuo's uncle. Seeing that his uncle was so arrogant, Tuotuo was very worried, fearing that if the emperor was angry, he would implicate them. After discussing with my father, he had no idea.

At this time, the emperor was surrounded by Boyan's pro-partisans, with only Shijieban and Alu as his confidants, so Tuotuo had a close relationship with these two people and gained the emperor's trust. The emperor appointed the three of them to discuss political affairs.

In the autumn of the fifth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1339), Fan Meng of Henan Province killed a provincial minister under false pretenses. This incident implicated Duan Fu, the honest envoy. Boyan used this as an excuse to say that Han people could not be honest envoys, so Tuotuo asked his teacher Wu Zhifang for advice.

Wu Zhifang said, "The appointment of Han people by honest envoys is a system established by our ancestors and must not be abolished. Why not tell the emperor first." Tuotuo reported this to the emperor as his own opinion, and Emperor Shun accepted it. He rejected Boyan's memorial to abolish the Han people as the honest visiting envoys.

Boyan knew that it was Tuotuo's idea and thought that he was favoring the Han people, so he asked the emperor to punish him. The emperor said: "This is all my intention, and Tuotuo is not guilty." Later Boyan was good at demoting Xuan Rang, Emperor Shun was very angry with King Wei Shun and decided to remove Boyan from his post. He told Tuotuo about his plan. Tuotuo went back and asked his teacher Wu Zhifang for advice. Zhifang said: "This matter is related to the safety of the country and must be kept strictly confidential." ”

Asked who else was present when Tuotuo discussed the matter with the emperor, Tuotuo said that there were only two people, Alu and Tuotuo Muer. Naofang said, "Your uncle is now in great power. If these two people are greedy for wealth and tell the truth, both the emperor and you will be in danger."

So Tuotuo invited Alu and Tuotuomu'er to his home. Give them a feast and entertain them, and don't let them go out. At the same time, he discussed with Shijieban and Alu to arrest Boyan.

In February of the next year, under the planning of Tuotuo, Shijieban, Alu and others, Boyan was finally driven away from the court (see "The Biography of Boyan" for details) and Mazha was appointed. Ertai was the right prime minister of Zhongshu, and Tuotuo was the minister of the Privy Council, wearing a tiger talisman. He was also the commander of the Zhongxu Guards and the Imperial Army, commanding Wubei Temple and Asuwei Qianhu Office. He also served as the military and civilian Xuanfu capital of Shaoxi and other places. The envoy, Xuanzhong Wuluosi, the escort commander of the army, Sidalu Huachi, and the general envoy of Zhaogong Wanhufu. In October of the same year, Mazartai resigned from his position as the right prime minister of Zhongshu due to illness.

In the first year of Zhengzheng (1341), Tuotuo was appointed Prime Minister on the right side of Zhongshu, taking charge of important military and state affairs. After Tuo Tuo was appointed as the prime minister, he completely reformed Boyan's bad government, restored the imperial examination system and the etiquette of the four seasons of sacrifice in the Imperial Ancestral Temple, cleared up King Tan's injustice, summoned back the two kings Xuan Rang and Wei Shun, relaxed the horse ban, and reduced the number of ** He levied a salt quota, exempted the people from taxes owed, selected Confucian ministers to explain scriptures to the emperor, and Tuo Tuo personally presided over the affairs. The world praised him as a wise prime minister.

In May of the second year, he adopted the suggestions of Councilor Polo Timur and others, opened a river outside the capital and set up a lock to release Jinkou, so that ships from Tongzhou could sail to the main gate of Li. Thousands of migrant workers were recruited, but failed. For details, see "Hequ Zhi". In the third year of Zhizheng, Emperor Shun ordered the compilation of "History of Liao", "History of Jin" and "History of Song", and appointed Tuotuo as the chief official of the capital.

Tuotuo also requested that the "Zhi Zheng Tiao Ge" be compiled and published throughout the world. In the fourth year, Tuotuo presided over the affairs of the Xuanzheng Yuan. Due to many illnesses, he asked to resign as prime minister, but Wenzong refused.

The resignation was approved only seventeen times above. Emperor Shun named him Prince Zheng, gave Anfeng County in Henan Province his private territory, and rewarded him with a reward of ten thousand taels of silver.

Tuotuo will not be accepted. In the seventh year, Bie'er Qingbuhua became the right prime minister. He moved Tuotuo to Gansu and planned to move to Sasi in the Western Regions. Before he arrived, he was called back to Ganzhou.

In November of the same year, Wenzong recalled his past achievements and recalled him to the capital. In the eighth year, Tuotuo was appointed Taifu and Titiao Palace Fu to manage the affairs of the East Palace.

In the ninth year, he was appointed as the Right Prime Minister of Zhongshu. At the same time, he presided over the affairs of Duanbentang (the place where the crown prince studied), and also took care of the Asu and the Imperial Guards, the Internal History Mansion, the Xuanzhengyuan, and the Imperial Palace. Hospital institutional affairs.

In May of the tenth year of Zhizheng (1350), Tuotuo was mourning at home because his mother, Mrs. Ji Guo, died. Emperor Shun sent his ministers to persuade Tuotuo to come out and manage government affairs.

Tuotuo appointed Wu Gusun Liangzhen, Gong Bosui, Ruzhongbai, Bo Timur and others as his staff, and all major and minor affairs were discussed with these people. The Minister of the Ministry of Personnel, Qi Zhedu, suggested changing his career to Zhengjiao Chao, and Tuotuo agreed.

The emperor ordered to convene ministers from the Privy Council, Yushitai, Hanlin Academy, and Jixian Academy for discussion. Everyone agreed. Only Lu Sicheng, the wine sacrificer, objected, and Tuotuo was very unhappy. He decided to change his career to Zhengjiao Chao, but failed in the end (see "The Biography of Lu Sicheng" for details).

In this year, the Yellow River broke through the White Mao Embankment and the Golden Embankment, causing harm to the people within thousands of miles around. Tuotuo adopted Jia Lu's plan to govern, and personally presided over the affairs, against all opinions.

The imperial court was asked to appoint Jia Lu as the Minister of Industry to take charge of the river control project and recruit 170,000 people from the north and south of the river. After eight months, the breach was finally blocked and the river flowed eastward along the old road ( See "River Channel Chronicles" for details). Emperor Shun greatly rewarded Tutuo and gave him the hereditary title of "Dalahan". He also ordered the Confucian minister Ouyang Xuan to make the "Heping Stele" to record his achievements.

Soon, the Red Turbans between you and Ying rebelled against the Yuan Dynasty. In the eleventh year of Zhizheng (1351), Tuotuozou asked his younger brother Yushi Dafu, Timur, to be the privy council official. He led more than 100,000 guards to attack and conquer Shangcai.

The Yuan army was stationed in Shahe, and suddenly the soldiers were in panic. Timur abandoned his weapons in panic and ran north to Bianliang, and then collected the escaped soldiers and stationed them in Zhuxian Town. The imperial court saw that Timur was not good at leading troops, so he sent another general to take his place.

Shaanxi. 2. Classical Chinese translation of Bao Zheng's biography,

Vernacular interpretation: Bao Zheng, whose courtesy name was Xiren, was from Hefei, Luzhou (now Hefei, Anhui).

He initially passed the Jinshi examination, was awarded the title of Dali judge, and served as the magistrate of Jianchang County. Because his parents were old, Bao Zheng resigned and did not take up his post.

After getting an official position as a supervisor and state tax collector, but his parents didn't want him to leave, Bao Zheng resigned from the official position and went home to support the elderly. A few years later, his parents died one after another. Bao Zheng built a thatched cottage next to his parents' graves. Until the mourning period was over, he still hesitated and couldn't bear to leave. Elders from the same town came to comfort and encourage him many times.

After a long time, Bao Zheng accepted the assignment and became the magistrate of Changxian County. A thief cut out the tongue of someone else's cattle, and the owner of the cattle came to the county government to file a complaint.

Bao Zheng said: "(You) just go home, kill the cow and sell it." Soon another person came to the (county government) to say goodbye to someone who slaughtered the cow privately. Bao Zheng said: " (You) cut out the tongue of someone else's farm cow and then came to sue him." The thief was shocked and convinced.

(Bao Zheng) was transferred to Duanzhou as the magistrate, and was promoted to the rank of Prime Minister. Duanzhou produced inkstones. The previous prefects took advantage of the tributes and collected inkstones dozens of times the amount of tribute and presented them to the powerful officials of the dynasty.

The inkstones ordered by Bao Zheng only met the tribute requirement, and he did not take home an inkstone for a full year in power. (Bao Zheng) was sent as an envoy to Khitan. Khitan ordered the coder to tell Bao Zheng: "Xiongzhou City (in your country) has recently opened a secret door to lure traitors from our country in order to spy on border information, right?" Bao Zheng said: "Zhuozhou City (in your country) once opened a secret door. Why must we open a secret door to spy on border information?" The man was speechless.

(Bao Zheng was summoned by the imperial court) to temporarily act as the governor of Kaifeng, and was promoted to the rank of Yousi Langzhong. Bao Zheng was a strong and resolute person in the court, which made the nobles and eunuchs restrain themselves greatly. Everyone who heard about him was afraid of him.

People compare Bao Zheng’s smile to the clear water of the Yellow River (an extremely rare thing to happen). Children and women also know his reputation and call him "Guo Tai Zhi".

People in the capital therefore said: "(Secretly bribing) people who can't get through the relationship are King Yama and Old Man Bao." According to the old rules, all lawsuits cannot go directly to the official office (submit a complaint) .

Bao Zheng opened the front door of the government office so that the complainants could come forward and state their rights and wrongs, so the clerks did not dare to lie. Officials from the central government and powerful families built private gardens and pavilions and occupied the Huimin River, thus blocking the river course. When there was a flood in the capital, Bao Zheng destroyed all the gardens and pavilions.

Some people falsely reported the number of their fields with land certificates. Bao Zheng strictly tested them and impeached the falsifier. Bao Zheng had a severe and upright temperament. He hated the petty officials who were miscellaneous and mean-spirited, and sought to be loyal and kind. Although he hated them very much, he never failed to practice loyalty and forgiveness.

(He) does not agree with others casually, does not please people with clever words, usually has no personal letters, and even cuts off contact with friends and relatives. Although he has a noble status, his clothes, utensils, and food are the same as when he was a commoner.

(He) once said: "When future generations become officials and engage in politics, if they are corrupt and bend the law, they will not be allowed to return to their hometown, and they will not be buried in the family cemetery when they die. If they do not obey my will, they are not my descendants." ”

Original text: Bao Zheng, courtesy name Xiren, was from Hefei, Luzhou. When he was first promoted to Jinshi, he went out to Jianchang County. His parents were both old and could not resign, so they had to be imprisoned and paid state taxes. His parents did not want to do the job, so Bao Zheng was dismissed from his official position and returned to his care.

He died a few years later. At the end of Zhenglu's tomb, I still lingered and couldn't bear to go. Many of the elders inside came to exhort me.

After a long time, he went to be transferred and learned about Tianchang County.

If someone steals someone's tongue and cuts it off, the Lord will sue him.

Zheng said: "When you return home, kill and vend him." When Xunfu came to accuse someone of killing a cow privately, Zheng said: "Why cut off the cow's tongue and then report it?" The thief was shocked and convinced. He moved to Duanzhou and moved to Zhongcheng.

Duantu produces inkstones, and the rate of tribute paid by the front guard is dozens of times to bequeathed to the powerful. Only those who save life will pay enough tribute, and they will return home without even holding an inkstone at the end of the year.

The Khitan sent an envoy to the Khitan, and the Khitan ordered Dianke to say to Zheng: "Xiongzhou has opened a new door, do you want to tempt me to rebel and stab the border?" Zheng said: "Zhuozhou has also tried to open the door. Why should we open the door to Xinjiang affairs?" The man then had no answer. Zhao Quan learned about Kaifeng Mansion and moved to Yousi Langzhong.

Zheng established the dynasty with firmness, nobles, relatives and eunuchs held back their hands for it, and everyone who heard about it was frightened. People regard Bao Zheng's smile as clear as the Yellow River.

Children and women also know its name and call it "Baowai system". The capital's master said: "If you can't reach your joints, there will be Yama and Luo Bao."

Under the old system, no lawsuits could be brought directly to the court. Zheng opened the main gate so that the officials would not dare to deceive him.

The powerful clan of Zhongguan (eunuchs) built gardens and pavilions and invaded the Huimin River. As a result, the river was blocked and the capital was flooded, so Zheng destroyed it all. Anyone who holds a land certificate and claims to have falsely increased the number of steps will be examined and impeached.

He has a straightforward nature, harsh officials, and honest service. Although he hates evil, he does not hesitate to be loyal and forgive him. He is not stoic with others, does not use false words to please others, is selfless in daily life, and avoids old friends and close friends.

Although it is expensive, the clothes, utensils, and food are just like commoners. Taste said: "If future generations of officials commit stolen goods, they will not be allowed to return to their own family, and they will not be buried in a big tomb.

Those who do not follow my aspirations are not my sons or grandsons." This article comes from the Yuan Dynasty Tuo "History of the Song Dynasty" written by Tuo.

Extended information Writing background: In the early Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, once ordered the compilation of the history of the Song Dynasty, but it was not completed due to different styles and year names. In March of the third year of Zhizheng (1343), Emperor Shun of the Yuan Dynasty ordered the revision of the histories of Liao, Jin and Song.

Seven people including Temurta Shi, He Weiyi, Zhang Qiyan, and Ouyang Xuan served as presidents, as well as historians Oryuluntu, Tai Buhua, Yu Wenchuan, Gongshidao, Yuque, Jia Lu, Wei Su and other 23 people resigned in May of the fourth year of Zhizheng (1344), and were succeeded by Arutu, the prime minister on the right of Zhongshu. Although Arutu was named president of the capital, he was not familiar with Chinese characters. It was written in October of the fifth year of Zhizheng (1345), and it only took two and a half years.

It was published in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces in the sixth year of Zhizheng (1346). Bao Zheng, courtesy name Xiren, was born in Hefei, Luzhou (now Feidong, Hefei, Anhui Province) and was a famous official in the Northern Song Dynasty.

In the fifth year of Tiansheng's reign (1027), Bao Zheng ascended to the rank of Jinshi. Lei Qian was the supervisory censor, and he once suggested training troops, selecting generals, and replenishing border supplies.

He successively served as the judge of the Third Division of Household Affairs and the transshipment envoy of Jingdong, Shaanxi and Hebei Roads. Later, he served as the deputy envoy of the Third Division of Household Affairs and requested the imperial court to allow salt trading. When he was in charge of the Remonstrance Court, he repeatedly impeached the powerful.

He was awarded the direct bachelor degree of Longtuge and the transfer envoy of the capital of Hebei. He was transferred to Ying and Yangzhou states, and had the power to know Kaifeng Prefecture, Quan Yushi Zhongcheng, and the third division envoy. In the sixth year of Jiayou's reign (1061), he was promoted to Deputy Privy Envoy.

Because he served as the direct bachelor of Tianzhang Pavilion and Longtuge, he was known as "Bao Daizhi" and "Baolongtu" in his later generations. In the seventh year of Jiayou's reign (1062), Bao Zheng passed away at the age of sixty-four.

Chase. 3. Translation of "History of the Yuan Dynasty. Biography of Duoer Zhiban"

Duoer Zhiban, courtesy name Weizhong, was the seventh grandson of Muhuali.

His grandfather’s name was Shuode, and his father’s name was Timur. Dole's father passed away within a hundred days of his birth, and he was raised by his uncle.

My uncle paid homage to Emperor Renzong and asked Renzong to issue an edict to protect his family. Duoer was a straight-educated student and met Emperor Wenzong at the age of fourteen.

Wenzong sent his imperial commander to Shangdu, personally inspected his imperial robes, and recorded his orders in a book. However, there was no one around him who could write Chinese characters. Duoer Zhiban wrote with his pen. Wenzong was overjoyed and said: "The family of the ministers of the world" It's rare that you are the only one who knows how to learn." He was appointed as Shangyi Fengyu and soon became a doctor in the Ministry of Industry.

In the first year of Yuan Tong (1333), he was promoted to supervisory censor. First, Shangshu asked the emperor to personally offer sacrifices to the ancestral temple, and proposed that pardon orders should not be issued too often.

He also stated five things about current affairs: First, "Tai Shi said that there will be a lunar eclipse on March 15th (next year) and a solar eclipse on April 1st. The emperor should rectify the imperial court, improve political and criminal laws, and alienate evil villains. If a person is dedicated to being loyal and good, he will be able to turn disaster into good fortune."

Second, "The emperor personally offered sacrifices to heaven, earth and the ancestral temple." Third, "Invite dignified and upright people to tutor the children of honorable ministers and old officials, so that they will not play hard, not listen to the vulgar words in the streets, and concentrate on learning, then the way of sages can be carried forward."

Fourth, "Confidential ministers should be respected and cherished, but rewards and punishments must be fair, so that the people can be convinced." The fifth is "to eliminate thieves and rescue hungry people."

There will be an eclipse of the sun and moon, strong winds, and drought and locust plagues in Hebei and Shandong. Duo Er took the opportunity to make another statement: 1: "Recently, the door to luck has gradually opened, and punishments have gradually been relaxed. Those who have done nothing expect to be rewarded, while those who have committed crimes hope to be spared.

If this continues, I am afraid that the criminal law will gradually weaken. If it is destroyed, the rules and regulations are gradually chaotic, how can the ministers who serve the country be encouraged, and the treacherous ministers have nothing to be wary of or fear?" The second said, “All the wealth of the emperor comes from the people, and the people try their best to provide for the government, but the government still feels that the money is insufficient, fearing that the complaints of the officials and the people will affect the harmony of yin and yang, and floods and droughts will occur.

Two officials should be sent to the Ministry of Finance to supervise the Ministry of Household Affairs to formulate detailed tax reduction and exemption measures, stop unnecessary labor services, and do not give nameless rewards. The third one said: "Buddhist services are often performed in the palace, so we should Temporarily stop".

The fourth said, "The number of officials in the government is increasing day by day, and the method of selecting officials is becoming increasingly undermined. Redundant personnel should be reduced." The fifth said, "Equalize public land."

The sixth said, "Cast coin. "Seventh said, "Abolish the Shandong Land Tax General Administration Office."

Eighth, "Exempt Henan from self-reported land grain." "Nine days: "It is forbidden to take concubines overseas."

On the first day of the first lunar month, in the Daming Hall to greet the emperor, Duoer was responsible for correcting the order of the officials' queues and the order of paying homage to the emperor. "Any official who goes beyond the rules should be punished as a violation of etiquette and disrespectful. "In the past, the officials in charge of the palace band were ranked behind the hundred officials. The imperial censor Sadi sent a decree to include them in the regular class, but Duoer insisted on not being able to do so.

Sadi said " : Does the censor disobey the emperor’s edict? Duoer said directly, "This can't be done like this. The doctor should ask the emperor for instructions again." "A monk from the Western Regions was performing Buddhist services in the inner court and got drunk and caught fire. Duoer directly impeached the monk for not observing the precepts and burning down the palace, which shocked the emperor and should be punished.

Sadi issued a decree to absolve the monk of his crime. Duoer Zhiban persisted and delivered the order eight times in one day. Only then did he comply with the order and not punish the monks. The slaves of the two families of Prime Minister Boyan and Imperial Envoy Tang Qishi were using their power to harm the people. Duoer Zhiban inspected Huoguo Prefecture. , all these domestic slaves were arrested and brought to justice, and the people clapped their hands and applauded.

After returning to the court, Tang Qishi was furious: "The censor is so rude to me and insults my family. How can I see others?" He replied: "I, a member of Duoer Zhiban, only know how to follow the Dharma and don't know anything else." ”

Tang Qishi’s nephew Mamasha was the commander of the Kipchak pro-military army. He was tyrannical and lawless. Dole went straight to impeach him. Mamasha gathered a group of rogues to harm Dole. Zhiban, at this time Tang Qishi was executed, and Mamasha's assassination failed.

Duoer Zhiban was transferred to the eunuch, and later became a bachelor of Kuizhangge Academy, and was promoted to a bachelor. All the bachelors were appointed as officials of the Jingyan, and then promoted to the bachelor's degree and learned about the Jingyan.

At this time, Doer Zhiban was just twenty years old, and he was a child of an aristocratic family. It is said that he served the emperor with Confucianism. In the first year of Zhizheng (1341), the Academy was abolished and Duoer was promoted to Hanlin bachelor.

So Jingyan was promoted. Hanlin was in charge, and Duo'er was appointed as the official in charge of the Jingyan.

At this time, Kangli, who was a Hanlin scholar, was also at the Jingyan to explain the meaning of the scriptures to the emperor, and Duoer was appointed as the official. The translation was thorough and full of candid advice, but this was a matter within the palace and should not be told outside. Soon, Duoer was appointed as the chief minister, and he was also able to deal with the lawsuit. There is nothing inappropriate in citing laws and regulations.

An elderly colleague praised him: "I have been an official in this field for forty years, and now I am completely like a god in public affairs." "One of the kings of the clan killed his grandmother. Duo Erzhiban and his colleagues Bashi tried their best to ask the court to punish the crime according to law, which made the prime minister feel embarrassed.

The court appointed him as the Huaidong Suppressing Integrity Envoy, and then transferred him He traveled to Taiwan in the south of the Yangtze River to serve as the censor. Before he left, he was transferred to Zuocheng, the province of Jiangxi. He returned to the north due to illness and was recuperating in Huangshan. In the fifth year of the Zheng Dynasty, he paid homage to Zhongshu, participated in political affairs, learned about scriptures and banquets, and led the Xuanwen Pavilion.

At that time, "Zhizheng Tiaoge" was being compiled. Duo Erzhiban believed that there were ancestors in the book. How could Zhigao be named after today's reign? He also pointed out that the rules were just one type of law, so how could it be the title of the book alone? At that time, the prime minister did not accept his opinion and just removed the Zhigao.

There was a man who was good at music and was favored by the emperor, who was ordered to serve as the Chongwen Supervisor. To decide? Duo Erzhiban hurriedly paused and replied, "Your Majesty uses his favored person to occupy such an elegant position. I'm afraid there will be comments later."

To choose someone else today is the fault of one minister and has nothing to do with other ministers of Zhongshu Province. " Hearing what he said, the emperor was happy.

Duoer was promoted to the rank of Youcheng, and soon became the censor Zhongcheng. The supervising censor impeached Bieer for being timid, and as soon as the memorial was given, he was demoted. Doctor Shi Yi Lianzhen was in charge of political affairs in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.

Duoer Zhiban thought: "If this is the case, where is the discipline of Yushitai?" "Then he wrote another impeachment report and asked Yi Lianzhenban to be retained as the imperial censor. However, he refused, and all the officials in Taiwan submitted their resignations.

The emperor said to Duo Erzhiban: "You can't resign. . He replied: "If the rules and regulations are broken, how can I be left alone?" "

The emperor couldn't help crying. Duoer resigned and went home, and Dumen thanked him.

Soon after, he was appointed as the political official of Pingzhang of Liaoyang Province, with the rank of doctor. After taking office, he asked The sufferings of the people know the rice of the place. 4. Sun Tai's Chinese translation

Sun Tai was from Shanyang. He studied under Huangfu Ying when he was young, and his moral character was very like that of an ancient man.

Sun Tai's wife is the daughter of his aunt. At first, his aunt was old and entrusted her two daughters to Sun Tai, saying: "The eldest daughter has a defect in one eye, you can marry her sister. ”

His aunt passed away, and Sun Tai married his aunt’s eldest daughter.

Someone asked him why, and Sun Tai said: "That man has something wrong with his eyes. He can't marry except me."

Everyone admired Sun Tai's loyalty. Sun Tai once met an iron lampstand in the city, bought it, and had it cleaned. It turned out to be made of silver.

Sun Tai hurried to return the seller. During the Zhonghe period, Sun Tai would settle down in Yixing and purchase a villa for two hundred guan.

Having paid half of the money, Sun Tai went to Wuxing County for a tour and agreed to go to the newly purchased villa when he came back. Two months later, Sun Tai came back, stopped the boat and walked, and gave the rest of the money to the owner of the house, asking him to move elsewhere.

At this time, I saw an old woman crying bitterly. Sun Tai was frightened after hearing this and asked her to ask.

The old woman said: "I once served my parents-in-law here, but my descendants were not successful, so the villa was owned by others, so I was sad." Sun Tai felt at a loss for a long time, so he lied to her and said: "I just happened to be here." After receiving the document from the capital, I have been appointed to another position and cannot live here. The place where I live is temporarily in charge of your son." After saying that, he untied the boat rope and left, never to come back. . 5. Translation of He Yue's Classical Chinese

The scholar He Yue, who called himself Weizhai, once picked up more than 200 taels of silver while walking at night, but he did not dare to tell his family about it for fear that they would persuade him to keep it. Bet this money.

The next morning, he brought the silver to the place where he picked up the money. He saw a man looking for it, so he went up to him and asked him. The answer and the sealed mark were the same as what he had picked up. It matched, so it was returned to him. The man wanted to take some of the money out as a reward. He Yue said: "If you pick up the money and no one knows about it, it can be regarded as my thing. (I don't even want these), so how can I covet the money?" The man thanked and left.

He once taught in the house of an official. The official had to go to the capital for business and left a box with He Yue with several hundred taels of silver in it. Come back and pick it up." I went there for many years without any news. (Later) I heard that the official's nephew went south for other things, but it was not to pick up the box.

(He Yue) was able to ask the official's nephew to take the box back to the official. The scholar He Yue was just a poor scholar. When he returned the money, he could encourage himself not to be greedy in a short period of time. However, he kept the money for several years but was not moved at all. From this alone, we can see that he is far better than others. Ordinary people. 6. Translation of the ancient text: Don’t Blame the Child and the Maid

The vernacular interpretation of “Don’t Blame the Child and the Maid” by Feng Menglong of the Ming Dynasty:

Tang Lin had a generous and kind temperament and was very tolerant. Once when I was going to mourn, I asked the servant boy to go home to get some white clothes. The servant boy took other clothes by mistake and was too frightened to come in.

Tang Lin noticed this and said to him: "Today's weather is not favorable. It is not suitable for sadness and crying. I asked you to take the white shirt for the time being." He also asked the boy servant to cook medicine. broken. Tang Lin secretly realized the reason, so he said to him: "Today's weather is dark and not suitable for taking medicine. You can throw the medicine away." (Tang Lin) In the end, there was no fault of the public servant.

Yangcheng once ran out of food and sent slaves to buy rice. The slave exchanged rice for wine and lay drunk on the road. Yangcheng went to pick him up and carried him home before he woke up. When the slave wakes up, he apologizes to Yangcheng. Yangcheng said: "What's the harm in drinking when it's cold?"

Original text:

Tang Lin (name) was tolerant and forgiving. When he wanted to mourn, he ordered his children to take back the white clothes. The children mistakenly took the remaining clothes and were too afraid to enter. After observing it, he said: "Today's Qi is reversed. It is not suitable to cry. I want to take a white shirt and stop it." He also ordered the medicine to be boiled, but it did not work. He subconsciously realized why, so he said: "Today is dark and it is not suitable to take medicine. You can throw it away." "Don't let your mistakes go."

Yangcheng (name) ran out of food and sent slaves to ask for rice. The slave traded rice for wine and lay drunk on the road. The city welcomed him, but the slave didn't wake up, so he returned with his back. Ji Nujue, apologize. Cheng said: "What's the harm in drinking when it's cold!"

Extended information

Writing background:

Feng Menglong (1574-1646), whose courtesy name is You Dragon, also named Ziyou, is a male fish. No. Long Ziyou, the master of Mohanzhai, the Sanren of Guqu, the Cinu of Wuxia, the Cinu of Gusu, the former Zhouzhu Shi, etc. A native of Changzhou County, Suzhou Prefecture, Nanzhili Province (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province). A writer, thinker and dramatist in the Ming Dynasty.

Feng Menglong was born in a scholar-bureaucrat family, and together with his elder brother Feng Menggui and younger brother Feng Mengxiong, they were known as the "Three Fengs under Wu". His works emphasize emotions and behaviors. His most famous works are "Essays to Tell the World" (also known as "Ancient and Modern Novels"), "Words to Warn the World" and "Essential Words to Awaken the World", collectively known as "Three Statements".

San Yan, together with "The Surprise at the First Moment" and "The Surprise at the Second Moment" by Ling Shuchu of the Ming Dynasty, are collectively known as "San Yan Two Pai" and are classic representatives of Chinese vernacular short stories. Feng Menglong made unique contributions to Chinese literature through his creation, collection, arrangement and editing of novels, operas, folk songs, jokes and other popular literature.

When he was born, it was the Renaissance in the west of the world. Echoing this, in our large Eastern country with thousands of years of civilization, many deviant thinkers and artists also appeared, such as Li Zhi, Gu Yanwu, Huang Zongxi, etc.

Li Zhuowu, Tang Xianzu, Yuan Hongdao and a large number of literati have written splendid chapters in the history of Chinese thought and literature with their shocking insights, distinctive personalities and outstanding artistic achievements. He died in the second year of Longwu, King of the Tang Dynasty in the Southern Ming Dynasty, which was the third year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty. He was seventy-three years old.

Around this year, there were many accomplished writers, such as Ling Shuchu (1644), Hou Tongzeng, Huang Chunyao, Huang Daozhou, Wu Yingji, Xia Yunyi, Qi Biaojia, Liu Zongzhou (1645), Ruan Dayue, Wang Siren (1646), Yang Tingshu, Chen Zilong, Xia Wanchun (1647), etc. died in the war. A Chinese-style Renaissance with the embryonic state of capitalism died under the iron heel of the Qing soldiers.