The weather in Dunhuang

Su Dongpo, whose belly is out of date, is a hopeless optimist. His career has gone up and down, almost beyond redemption, but he has always faced the honor and disgrace and watched the flowers bloom in front of the court. Danzhou is the last journey of his life. At that time, in this wild land, Su Dongpo did not change his true nature of happiness, wrote many famous books and left many legends and stories. In these literati's after-dinner talks, Dongpo Yili is a story with a romantic background in Wei and Jin Dynasties. It is said that Su Dongpo once visited the local celebrity Li Ziyun. Unfortunately, the weather changed suddenly, and there was a storm on his way home, so he had to borrow a bamboo hat and clogs from a farmer. I guess it's because he's not used to it. It's funny to walk unsteadily. Women and children can't help laughing when they see Dongpo. Even the dogs in the country bark, but Dongpo doesn't think so. This anecdote of Su Dongpo was recorded in calligraphy by Song people. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Fei Zhou and Zhang wrote similar stories. Fei Zhou recorded in his book Liang Xi Man Zhi that Dongpo went to Boer and passed Li Ziyun one day. When it rained, he came back from the farmhouse with a hat. The woman and the child laughed at each other and the dog barked. There is a poem hidden around Zhu Po: "Don't brag about the Soviet Union at sea when you hold a festival. Your predecessor was a shepherd slave. It should be a dream of suspected Zhu Yi, pretending to be Huang Guan. Beyond the relics and public property, the breeze struck a corner of the court for me. Who can arouse Wang Mo to paint Dongpo Dai Li? " There are also paintings by this man today, but there are many vulgar pens. Su Dongpo, as a world-famous genius, his move now seems to be nothing more than an ordinary move, but in that era of paying attention to social hierarchy, it was also an eclectic celebrity romance. From this, Dongpo's picture of Li Li quickly became popular in the literati circle of Song Dynasty, so that this composition mode became the standard image of Su Dongpo. It is still difficult to determine who is the pioneer of this kind of painting. One is Qiongzhou, Hainan, and the other is Li, a great painter at that time, but these are irrelevant. Most importantly, once such a theme appeared, it was loved by literati with a relaxed and broad-minded spirit because of its humor and became an interesting and profound theme in literati paintings. This painting has been handed down from generation to generation, and the composition basically presents similar elements. Almost no background is one of the most prominent features. Su Dongpo's every move and manner are directly described with a pen, which is simple and clear. In contrast, some paintings with this theme have added characters such as backgrounds and teenagers, which makes people obviously feel inferior and tends to be vulgar in the depth of theme expression, which is a bit regrettable. Many famous and unknown painters such as Li, Zhao, Zhao Mengfu and Qian Xuan in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Tang Yin, Yu Qiu, Qian Gu and Zeng Whale in the Ming and Qing Dynasties have not been completely recorded in the history of painting, which makes this theme more and more moist and full of humanistic color in the historical changes. Through the description of Su Dongpo's humorous behavior, the painter observes his own realistic situation and ideal realm, thus giving this realistic theme a certain idealistic light, highlighting a portrayal of the value of human life in traditional culture, giving this theme a unique aesthetic taste and value dimension, with Confucianism and Buddhism, and not changing the true style of pursuing self-quality in the seemingly desperate life experience. Su Dongpo's image presents two different postures, each in its proper place and showing its magical powers. Humor is the main content of a composition pattern of Li Dongpo Tu in the Northern Song Dynasty. In this kind of works, Su Dongpo's image is more realistic and secular. In the painting, Su Dongpo wears a bamboo hat, clogs on his feet and a robe in his hands, which looks a little sad. This realistic picture highlights Su Dongpo's embarrassing life experience when he was demoted to Danzhou. For example, in Li's "Dongpo Map" in the Northern Song Dynasty, it is said that Su Dongpo occupied the center of the picture with such an expression. There was no trace of self-pity in his slightly embarrassed appearance. Su Dongpo did not change his joyful attitude towards life in adversity, and he got a good performance in his calm expression. The works of this composition mode are Tang Yin, Zhu and Zeng Whale in Ming Dynasty, Yang Jun in Qing Dynasty, etc. For example, Ceng Jing, the pioneer of the famous portrait school in the Ming Dynasty, painted Su Wenzhong's "Palace Picture" in a typical autobiographical style, portrayed Su Dongpo's facial expression implicitly and hierarchically with dark contrast, and well described the outstanding temperament of the whole character with smooth lines. The poem in this painting, which makes the finishing point, sublimates the theme: gas is like a house, and it is quite misty and rainy. Bai Yue has been eroded by frogs, and the light is still full. The Ming Dynasty whale Su Wenzhong's Palace Li Tu, his Dongpo Li Tu, Gu's Dongpo Li Tu, Ji Wenzhong's Palace Li Tu, Jun's Pogong Li Tu and Qing Xiaohe's Daughter. This theme endows the painter with more personal emotional thinking, which, to a certain extent, has a detached mood in the picture expression, and even shows a different meaning from the original intention of this theme. For example, Su Dongpo, one of the eight eccentrics in Yangzhou, no longer leans over like that, but adopts the composition mode of holding his head high and holding his chest high. This kind of expression is obviously quite different from the scene of Li Yan in Dongpo at that time, and Shan Li's inscription on this work also has profound meaning: "There is a portrait of Li Yan in the Feng family in Qingzhou Yidu, ..." "It can be seen that the theme of this work has been completely out of tune, completely relying on the auspicious culture of the people, and it has been changed into an auspicious picture, which reflects the mentality of the people at that time, and it is a moment of silence for Mr. Dongpo. The most representative works that adopt this phenomenon and composition mode are Zhang Daqian's two Dongpo paintings, one is a sketch and the other is a light ink, and the composition is almost the same. From the pen and ink skills, we can clearly see Zhang Daqian's reference to Dunhuang murals. In the painting, Su Dongpo holds a stick, and the whole character presents a detached attitude of "why not sing and go", including Zhang Daqian's colored works. Naturally, I have nothing in my life, and I am a little old in Danzhou. Borrowing tools to travel in the rain and play this poem, I made a broken plum and wrote it on it. " As can be seen from such inscriptions, Zhang Daqian's description of this theme is more an expression of his feelings. He used this theme to expand his image and express his feelings about life. Shan Li's Dongpo Ritual Map in Qing Dynasty; Zhang Daqian's Dongpo Ritual Map; Zhang Daqian's Dongpo Ritual Map; Su Dongpo's life was ups and downs, as he claimed: ask your life achievements, Huangzhou Huizhou Danzhou. In the ups and downs of his official career, he has always adhered to a carefree attitude towards life and a philosophy of enjoying himself. With the indifferent attitude of "human interest is a happy life" and the detached attitude of "life is bitter and happy", he is simple and happy, and humorous and broad-minded, and Dongpo Map is a vivid portrayal of this essence. In the bumpy life journey, he has let himself go.