Development history of intelligent door locks

Development history of intelligent door locks

The development history of intelligent door locks, now the improvement of people's living standards is accompanied by the enhancement of safety awareness and attention to prevention. With the rise of smart home market, smart locks have become the best choice for consumers to upgrade their locks. Let's share the development of smart door locks.

The development history of smart door locks 65438+ In the early 1990s, with the development of economy and the deepening of reform and opening up, various scientific and technological products and fashion elements began to flood into China from abroad, and smart locks (which could only be regarded as electronic locks at that time) also entered the China market during this period.

At that time, the pioneers of electronic locks in China, under the background of lack of experience and technology, started their entrepreneurial process and made their own hotel locks with reference to electronic locks in developed countries such as Europe, America, Japan and South Korea. Now, after more than 20 years of development, China has achieved a leap from electronic locks to fingerprint locks, and then to smart locks, and successfully ranks among the world's smart locks.

If we want to summarize the development of smart locks in China, it can be divided into four eras: the era of credit card hotel locks and password electronic locks from the early 1990s to the late 1990s (1, 0 era); 2000-20 10 fingerprint lock era (era 2 and 0); 20 1 1-20 16, the era when smart locks began to touch the net (era 3 and 0); Since 20 17, China's smart locks have entered the era of artificial intelligence.

1 0 era: 19 89- 1999, the electronic lock with credit card is the standard of star-rated hotels.

The research on electronic locks can be traced back to 1930s, when electronic locks based on passwords appeared. Compared with the mechanical locks, the password electronic locks at that time had many advantages, such as a large number of keys and being difficult to be copied, but they could only be used in some special places in developed countries such as Europe and America because of the difficulty in price and manufacturing technology.

Until 1980s, with the maturity and development of integrated circuits, the stability of electronic components of electronic locks was further improved, and the volume of electronic locks became smaller. However, due to high power consumption and high cost, it is still limited to a few high-end places and high-end people, and has not been widely popularized.

By the 1990s, Europe, America, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and other countries and regions had developed rapidly in emerging technologies such as microelectronics, communication technology and control technology, which provided technical support for the R&D and production of electronic locks. Therefore, it has gained a certain popularity in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea, especially in South Korea, where the penetration rate of household electronic locks exceeds 10%.

In China, the development of electronic locks really began in the 1990s. During this period, Liwei (19 89), Dijil (1990), Adel (199 1), Bida (1992), Ke Yu (1).

During this period, electronic locks in China were mainly used in hotels and other commercial fields. These enterprises basically started with hotel locks, and also earned the first bucket of gold in the field of hotel locks. Especially after 1996, the state began to promote electronic locks in star-rated hotels, and stipulated that hotels that did not use electronic locks would not be able to participate in acceptance and star rating. Driven by this policy, the electronic lock industry in China has ushered in a rapid development opportunity.

At present, hotel locks account for more than 95% of the electronic lock market in China. Although the hotel lock market at that time was very large, most enterprises did not have their own core technology, and they were still in the stage of imitating and learning from related products in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea.

Since 1990s, biometric electronic locks based on fingerprints have appeared in developed countries, but in China, because they are mainly used in hotels, magnetic cards are still the main way to open them. By the end of 1990s, China electronic lock industry began to use IC cards. At the same time, the "card+password" opening type also appeared in this period, but most of them were key-press password keyboards.

2,0 era: 2000-20 10, fingerprint lock began to move towards the historical stage.

After entering the 20th century, the electronic lock industry in China has developed rapidly. Many enterprises have also begun to shift from hotel electronic locks to home fingerprint locks. Although the appearance and some technologies are mainly borrowed from South Korea, the application of fingerprint identification technology has laid the foundation for the localization process of electronic locks.

2000-2003 is the initial stage of fingerprint lock industry in China. During this period, China's electronic lock industry showed the characteristics of small scale and small enterprise scale. And electronic locks are only used in a few high-end residential areas. However, during this period, electronic locks began to attract the attention of the state, and the Ministry of Public Security organized the drafting and publication of the first domestic electronic lock standard-"GA 374-200 1+0 electronic anti-theft lock (2001)". That is 200 1, the year when the first electronic lock standard in China was issued and implemented, the first civilian fingerprint lock in China was born.

From 2004 to 2007, the electronic locks used in China began to be favored by the high-end engineering market. During this period, although electronic locks in China have not got rid of the characteristics of "two small" (small industry and small enterprise scale), many enterprises have been able to mass-produce electronic locks, and have begun to receive engineering orders from major real estate developers for high-end residential buildings.

2007-20 10 is the stage when the electronic lock engineering market in China began to blow out (this is relative to the previous period, but its volume is not very large). During this period, most enterprises in our country have embarked on the road of independent research and development from imitating, learning from and copying Korean products, and the products have begun to have their own China characteristics, and most enterprises basically have a clear development direction. The most representative thing is that the first fingerprint lock project in China settled in Hangzhou. In 2008, Golden Cat, Probak and other enterprises became the suppliers of electronic locks in the Asian Games Village of Beijing Olympic Games.

In 2000-20 10, professional electronic locks such as Asia-Pacific Tianneng, Kaidishi, Knight, Ropeback, Haibeisi, Deshmann, Hollis, Siger and Knight were born one after another. At the same time, foreign brands such as Yale and Geithmann have also begun to sell well in the China engineering market; In addition, traditional hardware lock enterprises such as Yajie, Juli, Jiawei, Zhongheng, Huitailong, Mingmen, Sakura, Zhongheng and General Motors also began to lay out the field of electronic locks around 20 10.

From the product point of view, in addition to the traditional mechanical keys, IC cards and passwords, fingerprint identification has become the standard of household locks in this period, but the fingerprint module in this period is mainly optical. In terms of the number of enterprises, the number of electronic lock enterprises has increased from less than 50 in the era of 1 0 to hundreds.

3,0 era: 20 1 1-20 16, a variety of biological characteristics coexist, and networking has become a trend.

From 20 1 1 to 20 16, the electronic lock industry in China has been upgraded from hotel locks and fingerprint locks to smart locks, showing the trend of a sharp increase in the number of enterprises, various giants rushing to the beach, richer functions, more fashionable appearance and personality, improved stability, remote unlocking and networking.

In terms of the number of enterprises, a large number of Internet brands focusing on smart locks have emerged, such as Genting, Guojia, ola, Sherlock, Tech Man and Yunyou. At the same time, a number of emerging enterprises focusing on smart locks have emerged, such as Romans, Black Dragon and Sabatino. Companies that previously focused on traditional locks have also entered smart locks; In addition, Haier, Zheng Tai, Lenovo, Skyworth, Midea, TCL, Haikang, Dahua and other industry giants also want to share a piece of the smart lock field. The number of enterprises has soared from more than 100 in the 1920s to nearly 2,000.

In terms of market, not only the engineering market continues to grow rapidly, but also the initial installation rate of real estate smart locks is constantly improving, and the retail market has also made great progress. According to the White Paper 20 17 of China Smart Door Locks released by Analysys, the sales volume of smart locks in China in 20 197 was 201970,000 sets, while in 20 105 and 2006, it showed rapid growth of 105 and 4%.

From the product point of view, in terms of opening methods, in addition to IC cards, passwords, mechanical keys and fingerprints, many enterprises introduce biometric technologies with high security such as face recognition, iris recognition and finger vein recognition into the smart lock industry for differentiated development. But at present, fingerprint identification is still the mainstream of the market, from the optical fingerprint identification module in the era of 2 and 0 to the semiconductor fingerprint identification module today.

In appearance, the design of smart lock is more fashionable, bolder and more personalized than that of 1, 0,2,0 era. Different styles of smart locks, such as European style, new Chinese style and rural style, are dazzling; Color is no longer limited to the previous single form, and different color styles such as red, orange, red, green, blue, purple and two-color collocation are constantly emerging, which has won the favor of many young consumers.

At the same time, various shapes are constantly emerging, such as small waists, sports cars, push-pull and so on, which are particularly eye-catching. Compared with the electronic locks in the era of 1, 0,2,0, it looks more fashionable and scientific.

In recent years, with the development of Internet of Things, smart home and Internet, the trend of intelligent lock networking has become more and more clear. As a result, smart locks have staged an "entrance war" with smart phones, smart routing and smart TVs. And with the maturity of Internet of Things technology, remote opening, remote control, remote alarm and remote monitoring have become the standard of many smart locks.

With the deepening of smart lock touching the net and the formation of network benefits after the installation base reaches the critical point, "smart lock +APP" or "smart lock+WeChat" has become one of the symbols of the era of smart lock 3 and 0, realizing one machine in hand and checking the home status anytime and anywhere. Moreover, the form of remote control will continue.

4,0 era: 20 17-, artificial intelligence (AI) smart lock has been exposed.

Nowadays, with the influx of more enterprises, the competition in the smart lock industry has entered a white-hot and homogeneous development state. In this context, smart lock enterprises without R&D strength have no choice but to imitate and play low-priced cards.

Therefore, many smart lock enterprises dare not lag behind. In order to get rid of the shackles of homogenization, they are also seeking new ways to become industry leaders. Under the background of artificial intelligence fire, many smart locks turned their attention to artificial intelligence, which opened the era of smart locks and artificial intelligence in the 1940s and 1900s.

According to Baidu Encyclopedia, artificial intelligence is a subject that studies how to make computers simulate some human thinking processes and intelligent behaviors (such as learning, reasoning, thinking, planning, etc.). ), mainly including the principle that computers realize intelligence, which makes computers similar to human brain intelligence and enables computers to achieve higher-level applications.

The application of artificial intelligence in the field of intelligent locks is mainly to realize the seamless connection and communication between people, machines and systems, so that door locks have basic judgment and learning ability, thus realizing intelligent applications; At the same time, with the support of big data, smart locks can analyze and learn the user's unlocking habits and usage habits, and then transform them into machine thinking through the analysis of user habits, thus providing users with a better experience.

For example, a smart lock with self-learning can constantly update the learning operation in the process of unlocking, and then further improve the accuracy and speed of unlocking in the process of learning, greatly improving the fingerprint recognition rate, in other words, the smart lock will be used faster and faster and more convenient;

For another example, the smart lock can make judgment and analysis every day according to the time when the old people and children usually go home. In addition to informing the user of the daily going out and unlocking records, if the door is not going out or going home on time during the period of frequent opening and closing, the smart lock will also inform the user to remind the user to confirm whether it is safe.

Although this kind of smart lock has been commercialized, the artificial intelligence era of smart lock has just begun, so there are still many functions to be developed, such as human-computer interaction, human-computer intelligent interconnection, autonomous learning and so on.

History of intelligent door locks II. Future development trend of intelligent door lock industry.

In the next 5- 10 years, the total demand of smart door locks in China will exceed 30 million sets, and the total output value of the industry will exceed 1000 billion yuan. Industry hotspots will first break out in first-and second-tier cities, and the market penetration rate will be greatly improved.

At the same time, with the popularity of first-and second-tier cities, it will greatly promote the popularity of third-and fourth-tier cities. In the next five years, China smart door locks will maintain the current tight demand. It is optimistically estimated that the total demand for smart door locks in China will reach about 32 million sets in 2020 (as shown in Figure 2), of which the production and sales volume to meet the demand will exceed 20 million sets.

Among them, networked smart door locks with Internet technology and smart home technology will occupy an absolute mainstream position, and single locks will withdraw from the mainstream position of the industry. In the identification technology, biometric technology will still occupy the absolute mainstream position, but semiconductor fingerprint identification will occupy the forefront of the industry in biometric identification.

Optical fingerprint recognition technology will gradually follow the semiconductor, and the absolute value of fingerprint recognition technology will increase as a whole, but the relative value will decrease to some extent due to the gradual maturity of face recognition technology. Other technologies, such as finger vein technology and iris technology, will still be in the development stage for a long time, and will be applied to some special scenes, waiting for the gradual maturity of the application.

From the perspective of panel structure, in the next five years, handheld smart locks are expected to occupy a major position in both the market and the industry. But the relative value will decrease with the maturity of push-pull lock and automatic lock, and push-pull lock and automatic lock will occupy a certain position in the whole structure. Especially with the gradual maturity of the electric lock body, the production threshold drops, and it is very likely that the overall ratio of automatic lock and push-pull lock will increase with great probability, which is also worth noting.

In terms of appearance, function and quality requirements, the development direction of good products in the future will be towards the development mode of "three elements" of smart door locks, namely "high face value, black technology and accompanying me for many years", which respectively represent attractive requirements, good appearance, product core requirements, technical function requirements and satisfaction, namely "black technology".

In terms of brand development, there will be many directions for the brand development of smart door locks in the future, among which identification, function and marketing are the most critical. In the future, some brands of smart door locks will pay more attention to the identification function, that is, the brand identification function based on cost performance will go to the front end of the market.

For example, brands that imitate Xiaomi's cost-effective route will have very obvious cost-effective labels; The second category is the brand based on the ultimate functional experience, which will become a mainstream direction. This category mainly emphasizes functional experience, and forms a unique brand development pattern through experience and word-of-mouth communication.

The third category will be product brands with superb marketing methods, which will be sought after by consumers. Two words are emphasized here: "product" and "exquisite". A brand without product brand is a fake brand, and a brand without superb marketing means will be unknown. Only products with two attribute words can truly form a brand effect.

In terms of price, in the future, with the gradual maturity of technology, the production capacity will be higher and higher, and the bargaining power of supply chain will also increase, especially with the fierce market competition and the characteristics of China market. In the future, the overall price trend of smart door lock products will be slow decline, but there will be no mainstream of irrational decline. In the next five years, the mainstream price of market brands will be in the range of 1500-2500, relative to the people who pursue high quality.

Because the smart door lock product is a service-oriented experience product, the installation and after-sales service of the product directly determine the consumer's experience of the product, so the service problem is a pain point in the current industry, and it is also a pain point that needs to be solved urgently in the future. In the later development process.

The service of smart door locks in China should move towards standardized service mode, solve some problems encountered in the service process with data methods, and solve the pain points of consumers in the product service process with process services. Only in this way can we really promote and promote the healthy and orderly development of China's intelligent door lock industry.

The cultivation and development of smart locks in China in recent 20 years is undoubtedly a very slow development process. With the development and popularization of high technology, people's awareness of science and technology has gradually improved. More and more consumers are willing to try to replace smart locks. Industry is a good industry. Are you ready?

History of the development of intelligent door locks III. Classification of intelligent door locks

Intelligent lock: Intelligent lock refers to a lock that is more intelligent than traditional mechanical lock in user identification, security and management. Intelligent lock is the executive part of locking the door in access control system. The current smart lock is different from the previous way of opening first and then scanning. The scanning method is simple. Just put your finger where you are scanning and scan it from top to bottom. There is no need to put your finger on the scanned place. This scanning method reduces fingerprint residue, greatly reduces the possibility of fingerprints being copied, and is safe and exclusive.

Fingerprint lock: Fingerprint lock is an intelligent lock which uses the fingerprint of human finger as the identification carrier and means. It is the perfect crystallization of computer information technology, electronic technology, mechanical technology and modern hardware technology. Fingerprint lock is generally composed of electronic identification control and mechanical linkage system. The uniqueness and non-replicability of living fingerprints determine that fingerprint lock is the safest lock among all locks at present. In addition to fingerprint identification, fingerprint locks should also be equipped with emergency mechanical keys according to the regulations of the Ministry of Public Security.

Password lock: Password lock is a kind of lock, which is opened with a series of numbers or symbols. Character password locks can be divided into mechanical password locks and digital password locks. The passwords of password locks are usually just permutations, not real combinations. Some cipher locks only use one turntable to rotate several disks or cams in the lock; There are also some coded locks that rotate a set of dial wheels engraved with numbers to directly drive the machinery in the lock.

Inductive lock: Inductive door lock is a new type of safety equipment which is sensed by infrared sensor. Widely used in hotels, hotels, clubs and other smart card fields. Generally, it is divided into RF door lock and inductive door lock system to provide high-quality door lock system for hotel induction. Induction lock has developed to a certain extent in European and American countries, and has already become an indicator to measure the quality of life and life.

Remote lock: Remote lock is the best anti-theft lock at present. High-tech thieves and employees of professional unlocking companies are interested in commonly used mechanical locks. Now remote control locks are also used in homes, hotels, rental houses, warehouses and other places, which greatly facilitates people's lives.