Knowledge of classical Chinese

1. What does "walk" mean in ancient Chinese?

(Knowing.

The small seal character, Congshi, means a person; Cong彳 (chì) means walking Related. Before the Warring States period, "邦" was generally used as a verb. The use of "妦" was only used after the Tang Dynasty.

The original meaning is to trample) 2. . Same as the original meaning [tread on] on the frost, on the tiger's tail. ——"Yi Kun" You can walk on frost.

——"Poetry·Wei Feng·Ge Wei" Walking on the Kuai mat. ——"Book of Rites Tamamo" The ground is yellow.

——Liang Qichao of the Qing Dynasty's "The Collection of Drinking Ice Room·Collected Works" has fulfilled its purpose. ——"Zhuangzi·Health Preservation Master" 3. Another example: Luwei (traveling in a high-risk place); Lumu (exploring acres of land); Luhuhuwei (trampling on the tiger's tail); Luwei (stepping on the footsteps of predecessors); Lushuang (To tread on frosty ground.

A metaphor for warning of the future based on current signs); wading through water as if walking on flat ground; walking on ice (walking on ice); walking on ice fox (a fox walking on ice); walking on flat ground (Walking on a smooth road); Walking on empty ground (Walking in the void); Walking on thin ice (on thin ice) 4. Put on shoes [put on] to collect stone honey by walking on rattan shoes. ——Tang Dynasty Li He's "South Garden" 5. Ascend the throne [ascend the throne] to fulfill one's position but not one's duties.

——"Book of Rites·Biaoji" Acts supreme. ——Han Jia Yi's "On Passing the Qin Dynasty" 6. Another example: to perform one's duties (to take office, to take office); to perform one's duties (to take up one's position) 7. To experience a certain situation [experience].

Such as: walking on charcoal (a metaphor for experiencing hardships); fulfilling luck (encountering good fortune) 8. Implement [fulfill] Being in one's position and not fulfilling one's duties will lead to chaos. ——"Book of Rites" 9. Another example: Lu Shan (doing good); Lu Cui (practicing); Lu Zhong (practicing the golden mean); Lu Qian (practicing the virtue of humility); Lu Jing (doing evil) 10. Xing Xing [ keep personally].

Such as: Lu Ren (to practice benevolence); Lu Fang (to practice the right way); Lu Zheng (to practice the right way); Lu Zhong (to practice loyalty); Fuli Yuan (to practice simplicity) 11. Start taking up a position [assume ] will take up his new position. ——Zhang Tingyu, Qing Dynasty, "History of the Ming Dynasty" 12. Another example: Lu Ren (taking office, taking office); Lu Duan (beginning) . 2. The word "Lu" appears in classical Chinese

Zhengren buys shoes, a Han fable in the pre-Qin era. It is an idiom, an allusion, and a fable. It tells the story of the Zheng people who believed too much in "measures" and therefore could not buy shoes. It reveals the Zheng people's dogmatic mentality and habit of relying on data. It is often used as a metaphor for people who are rigid in doing things and cannot be flexible.

Original text

People in Zheng who want to ② buy shoes ③ should first take care of their feet and then sit on them. Go to the market and forget to operate it. When he had already taken it, he said, "I forgot to hold on to it." Instead, he returned to take it. When he rebelled, he was dismissed from the market and could not carry out his duties. People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have confidence."

Translation

There was a man from Zheng who wanted to buy shoes. He first measured them. Find out the size of your feet, and then put the measured size on his seat. When he arrived at the market, he forgot to bring the quantity and size. He had already picked out his shoes, and then he said, "I forgot to bring the size." So he returned home to get the size. When he returned to the market, the market had closed and he ended up not buying any shoes. Someone asked: "Why don't you use your feet to try on the size of the shoes?" He said: "I would rather believe in the measured size than my own feet."

Comments

This Zhengguo man made the mistake of dogmatism. He only believed in the size obtained by measuring his feet instead of his own feet. Not only did he make a big joke, but he couldn't even buy shoes and became the butt of the joke. In real life, it may not happen that you only trust your foot size when buying shoes, but not your feet, right? But there are indeed people like this.

Some people speak, do things, and think about problems only from books, not from reality; they believe what is written in books, and they do not believe what is not written in books but actually exists. In the eyes of such people, only what is written in books is the truth, and what is not written is not the truth. In this way, thoughts will of course become rigid and actions will hit a wall. 3. The Zheng people’s actual shoes (ancient text and translation)

The Zheng people bought the shoes. The Zheng people had the shoes and put them away. They first took care of themselves and put them on the ground. When they got to the market and forgot to take care of them, they already had the shoes. Said: "I forgot to uphold the measure.

"I returned to take it. When he rebelled, he was dismissed from the market and could not carry out his duties.

People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have confidence." Translation: There was a man in the state of Zheng who wanted to buy a pair of shoes. He first compared his feet. , and then put the measured size on the seat.

He went to the market in a hurry and forgot to bring the size. He had already gotten the shoes, but said, "I forgot to bring the size.

" and went home to get them. When he came back, the market had closed and he finally didn't buy any shoes.

Someone asked him: "Why don't you try the size of the shoes on your own feet?" He replied: "I would rather believe in the size than my own feet!". 4. Clever notation of the meaning of knowledge in ancient Chinese

1. When "knowledge" is read as "shí" 1. When used as a verb, its different meanings are as follows: 1) Original meaning: know; understand. For example: "Shuowen": Knowledge, knowledge. Another example: "Shi·Daya·Zhanxian": A gentleman is knowledge. Note: "Knowledge." Another example: "Zhou Li·Si Ci": Yiyou said "I don't know". 2) Understanding. For example: "Mencius Gaozi 1": Now the poor people who know me have to do it for me. Another example: Wang Anshi's "Shang Zhongyong": In the five years of Zhongyong's life, he has not yet learned about books and utensils. Another example: He Zhizhang's "Hui" "Xiaoxiu Shu": When children meet each other but don't know each other, they smile and ask where the guest is from. 3) Appreciation. For example: Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms": Lin Shiba passed the prince of the same county to a civilian household and died as a citizen. 4 ) Feeling; identification; discrimination. For example: "Ancient Poetry Written by Jiao Zhongqing's Wife": The bride recognizes the sound of horses and tiptoes to greet each other. Another example: "Collection of Yuefu Poems·Mo Shang Sang": What is the use of knowing the husband and son-in-law? The white horse comes from Liju. Another example: Wang Anshi of the Song Dynasty's "Travel to Baochan Mountain": the unique text can still be recognized as "Huashan". 2. When used as a noun, its different meanings are as follows: 1) Insight; knowledge. For example: Su Shi's "Lun on Jia Yi": Jia Sheng's ambition is great but his knowledge is small, so he has more talents but insufficient knowledge. Another example: Liu Kai's "Question" of Qing Dynasty: Without learning, there is no doubt, without asking, there is no wide knowledge. Another example: Ming Gao Qi "Shu Bo Ji Zhe Shi": The knowledgeable person firmly knows that the Yuan Dynasty has become chaotic and the changes have gradually come from below. 2) Buddhist term. The subject of mental activities such as thinking, understanding, and judgment. For example: knowing the spirit (mind consciousness, Soul) 3) Friends who know each other. For example: Tang Dynasty Liu Yuxi's "Reminiscences of the First Day": For example: There are no old acquaintances in a foreign land, and there are few carriages and horses. 4) Thoughts or consciousness. For example: Yan Yannian's "Ode to the Five Lords": Ruan Gong although Fallen traces, knowing the secret mirror is also a hole. Another example: knowing thoughts (thoughts; ideas) 5) Surname 3. When used as an adverb, its meaning is as follows: Tong "suitable", just now. For example: "Zuo Zhuan·16th year of Chenggong" 》: When the word "shi" is read as "zhì", its different meanings are as follows: 1) Flag, later "flag" .For example, "Han Shu·Wang Mang Biography":: The capital heard that there were hundreds of thousands of Xu thieves, but there were no official numbers or flags to identify them, which was weird. 2) The protruding words on ancient bells and tripods. For example: "Ling "Wai Dai Reply": Bronze drums in the soil of Guangxi... are surrounded by symbols. The circular patterns are ancient coins, and the square characters are like woven mats. 3) Tong "flag", mark. For example: "Preface to the Ode to the Treasure Sword": Use dragons, bears, and birds as symbols. 2. When used as a verb, its different meanings are as follows: 1) Add a mark, and then write it as "志". For example: "History of the Jin Dynasty": Know the willow branches, and order the headquarters to be involved in the economy. 2) Through "Zhi", remember. For example: "Book of Rites·Tan ??Gong Xia": A boy knows it, and tyranny is fiercer than a tiger. Another example: "The Analects of Confucius·Shu'er": It is known silently. Another example: "Historical Records·Xiaowu Ji": There is no text or engraving Sorry. 5. The Suspicious Person Stealing the Footsteps Classical Chinese Answers

The Suspicious Person Stealing the Footsteps In the past, a Chu man stayed in a friend's house, and his servants stole the friend's shoes and returned home, but the Chu people did not know it.

It is suitable for his servants to perform in the market. The servant was honest and stole his shoes, but the Chu people didn't know it. The next day, a friend came by and saw his shoes on the Chu people's feet. He was shocked and said, "I doubted it, and it turned out that my shoes were stolen."

Then let him go. When he was over a year old, his affairs were violent, and his friend came to the door of a Chu man. He regretted and said, "I don't know my son, so I misunderstood him. It's my crime. Please treat him as before."

Note ① Straight: value. ②Pass: visit.

③Heel: Arrive, come. 12. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences (4 points) (1) A servant steals a friend's shoe to return home ( ) (2) A servant is private and steals a friend's shoe to advance ( ) 13. Translate the underlined sentence in the text The correct one is ______ (3 points) A. It happened that the servant went to the shop in the market to buy something while wearing shoes.

B. It happened that the servant was wearing shoes and went to the shop in the market to find the seller. C. (Chu man) happened to send his servant to the market to buy shoes.

D. (Chu man) sent his servant to the market to sell the shoes. 14. The reason why the "friend" broke off the relationship with the Chu people is? ____ ____ ____ (2 points) 15. The friend in the article is a ____ person, because ____ ____ ____ (3 points) (4) (12 points) 12. ( 4 points.

2 points for each empty space. 1 point for "walking in the footsteps of Chu people") (2 points) 15. Correct his mistakes when he knows the truth. After he learned the truth of the matter, he immediately took the initiative to apologize to the "Chu people" and asked for their forgiveness (3 points.

1 point for an empty front and 2 points for an empty back.) Reading answers to "The Suspect Stealing Shoes": 22. According to the main meanings provided in the "Dictionary of Commonly Used Chinese Words", the following sentences are Choose the appropriate explanation for the highlighted words.

①Friends have been here ( ) A. Passed by, passed by B. Overcame, surpassed C. Mistake, fault D. Visited, visited ② The incident was exposed after more than one year ( ) A. Exposed, exposed B. Vicious and cruel C. Sudden D. Bullying, damage 23. The one in the following sentences that has the same sentence pattern as the example sentence is ( ). (2 points) Example: Drive it away.

A. I mean, it’s not good for you. B. I’m here to see you. C. People from Weisi, who can I return to? D. The traveler rests under a tree 24. Translate the underlined sentences in the text into modern Chinese. (2 points) I doubted it, and it turned out that my shoes were stolen.

25. Contact the full text, what kind of person do you think your friend is? And please evaluate based on your life experience. (2 points) The reading answer of the suspect stealing shoes: 22. ①D; ②A.

23. B. 24. I (had) suspected you, and sure enough (it was you) who stole my shoes. 25. A friend is a person who corrects his mistakes when he knows they are wrong. In our lives, misunderstandings of others often happen, but if we can have the courage to admit and correct our mistakes after understanding the truth of the matter, this is also commendable.

Let’s learn the answers to the question of Suspected Stealing Footwear.