Hakka houses have two or three halls, left and right horizontal houses and front and rear dragon houses. What does feng shui attached separately mean?

Hakka ancestors applied the "skills of five places" in Feng Shui (dragon, cave, sand, water and direction) to the buildings around Longwu, seeking harmony and unity with the "skills of five places", in fact, seeking harmony and unity with nature in space.

1, Dragon and Point

The surrounding dragon houses are mostly built on hilly slopes, facing the water and facing the mountains. "Dragon and Dragon" in Feng Shui refers to the mountain behind the house, and the majestic mountain ridge is auspicious. In order to introduce and keep Long Mai in the house, there are Dragon Hall, Dragon God, Longmen and Dragon Hall. You can't open the door behind the Dragon Hall, or you will be discouraged. At the same time, it must be empty, and nothing can be piled up to avoid crushing Long Mai. Behind the kokuryudo is the space behind the ancestral temple in Shangtang, and there is a small door facing the kokuryudo, called Longmen. Long Mai went in from Kokuryudo, passed Longmen, Wuxing Shibo Gong and Kokuryudo, and went back to class. Five-star shi bo Palace is the so-called "Dragon Cave" in Feng Shui, and it is also the cave eye of the whole Dragon House Feng Shui. Because of its important position, there is a special shrine for people to worship. Of the five stone heads, the one in the middle is the largest and the most square. In the investigation, local people often infer that this is the soil in the five elements according to the "circle". As for which four lines the other four pieces represent, even Mr. Feng Shui can't answer.

2. Sand

When choosing the location of the enclosure, we should first pay attention to the orientation of the house, sit facing south, and the central axis of the house should be consistent with the meridian. Secondly, it pays attention to the landscape form around the house and pays attention to the intuitive combination of good mountains and good water, with a view to "harmony with God" [3]. Its ideal spatial pattern is: "left green dragon, right white tiger, former suzaku, and later Xuanwu". Most Hakkas live in mountainous areas, paying special attention to mountainous terrain. "See the pulse in the mountains, pulse gas is heavier than water" [4]. Dragon House is mostly built on the mountain, and the back mountain is the place where the settlement depends, where Long Mai is located, and where the people move, especially the success or failure of the rise and fall. Therefore, the back of the mountain is majestic, like a turtle's back, and it is far away and has the spirit of "Xuanwu". The front should be open and beautiful, with the image of "Suzaku"; The mountains on the left and right sides are winding and the water is winding, surrounded by dragons and tigers on the left and right sides. If Xiufeng is beautiful, harmonious before and after, surrounded from left to right, and has the image of "sitting on the ridge and walking, like a turtle rushing to the river, surrounded by water from the west, like a gold plaque" [5], it will be even better. The landscape in the natural environment outside the house has become an indispensable part of the enclosure. Jiaoling Qiu's former residence, backed by Xiongshan, becomes a floating cloud from time to time; The two mountains in front of us are winding and shaded from left to right; Between the two mountains, a hill rises slowly in an arc, just like the rising sun on the sea. The landscape outside the house constitutes the image of "Ling Yun Hai Ri", so Autumn Poetry Collection is also named after the artistic conception of the living room landscape: Poems on Ling Yun Hai Ri.

3. Water

In site selection, another environmental factor is also taken seriously, and that is "water". Because "the fate of the mountain goes with the water." [6], water can gather "qi", which can make the family prosperous, the career smooth and the financial resources wide. This is the dream of the owner who has experienced hardships. Why can "water" gather "qi"? What is "Qi"? "Burial Book" says: "The husband's yin and yang are the wind, rising to the clouds, falling to the rain, and walking on the ground is the gas." [7] It can be seen that the true form of "Qi" is the "cloud" and "rain" in nature and the source of "water". "Water" is of course a very important survival factor for human beings. In fact, it is not only for people, but also for all living things on earth. The survival and development of human beings can not be separated from all kinds of creatures. It is precisely because the earth is a "water planet" that it has become the most suitable home for human beings and other diverse lives, and has given birth to human culture and civilization. The "water-oriented" in Dragon House has indeed created a good ecological condition for ensuring the prosperity of Hakka culture. This cultural pursuit is mapped to the construction of water and Longwei, either by water or by the water surface such as the pond in front of the house, which has become a common construction of Longwei. So, why is water associated with "gas gathering"? From the perspective of environmental science, it is actually a comfortable and practical experience. Water itself is a kind of aura landscape, satisfying people's pleasant spiritual needs; Water has a large heat capacity. When the water meets the summer monsoon, it can effectively reduce the indoor temperature and increase its humidity, which is suitable for human habitation. Pond water can also ensure the stability of indoor well water level in dry season; Water, especially flowing water, has obvious functions of degrading pollutants and discharging pollutants. The comprehensive utilization of water surface such as irrigation, washing, fire prevention, lotus planting and fish farming has improved practicality and appreciation. In the era of civil frame building with firewood as the main fuel, the fire prevention function of pool water is particularly important.

Step 4 arrive

"Tianyu Jing" said: "Set the direction after the mountain first, and the beads don't match." [8]。 This is the process of selecting the location of the "house field" of the enclosure dragon house. As mentioned earlier, Hakkas in northeastern Guangdong live in mountainous and hilly areas, with narrow valleys, immature basins and complex terrain. Therefore, when choosing a "house field", it is difficult to find a particularly good "house field" in full accordance with the requirements of house books such as house classics. However, most of the existing Longwei houses have achieved a good "house field" and a good environment, which shows that Hakka people in northeast Guangdong have gone through meticulous and painstaking efforts in creating Longwei house culture, unlike some people who think that "they don't pay attention to geomantic omen and choose flexible building site selection". [9]。 The direction of the "residential compound" around the dragon is generally determined by its topography, landforms and the general direction of mountains and rivers, which basically face south, southeast and east. Most of the examples we investigated face south, such as Tang De in the south of Meixian County, Qianqingtang in Xingning County and Zoujiawei in Fengshun Feng Liang Town. The rest are mostly in the southeast and east, such as the "loyalty heirloom" in Xiaba, Wuhua County facing southeast, and Bing Yi Village in Longwen Town, Meixian County facing east.