What are the cultural connotations of classical plants in China gardens?

China has a long history and splendid culture. China traditional garden art has a long history and elegant taste. As an art, it bears the rich traditional spiritual culture of China. On the material carrier, the environmental atmosphere gives people the feeling of artistic conception, the modeling style gives people the perception of image, and the symbolic meaning gives people the understanding of association. This paper focuses on the spiritual and cultural connotations of plants in China classical gardens.

1. Emotional hidden body.

In the traditional garden culture of China, flowers and trees are carriers endowed with rich cultural information, and they are often used as media to express their feelings. For example, pine, bamboo and plum are called "three friends of the old cold". It means loyal friendship formed in cold weather, and it is also used to express a firm and complete personality that can stand the test of harsh environment: loose, vigorous, quaint, not afraid of the harsh environment of frost, snow and cold, able to stand on the top of the mountain in the cold, with firm, unyielding and noble character. Confucius has a famous saying: "When the cold comes and the summer goes, you will know that the pine and cypress are withered and late"; Li Baizan said: "The pine and cypress are lonely and straight, but it is difficult for peaches and plums"; bamboo is appreciated by the "three religions" and has accumulated profound cultural implications. "If you haven't been a scholar, you will be modest." So bamboo is considered as the most virtuous gentleman. No wonder Su Dongpo "would rather eat without meat than live without bamboo". Garden attractions, such as "bamboo trails leading to seclusion", are the most commonly used. The pine and bamboo around the house are the favorite places of ancient literati: plum blossom is the favorite plant of China people. Mei has the qualities of integrity, nobility and elegance. In Lu You's ci, "If you have no intention of striving for spring, everyone will be jealous". I appreciate the quality of plum blossom that is not afraid of violence and the spirit of humility and dedication. In Lu You's ci, the words "scattered into mud and crushed into a flat, with the same fragrance in his mouth" express his self-esteem, white love, noble and elegant sentiments. Pieces of plum blossom forest have the landscape of Xiang Xue, and there are many scenic spots named after Mei. There are Meihua Mountain, Meiling, Meigang, Meiwu and Xiangxueyun Pavilion. In addition, Meilan Zhuju is a "four gentlemen". Lan is considered the most elegant. "Sweet but not bright". A feather poem in the Ming Dynasty said: "It can be white and yellow, no one is fragrant, and the heart is not big, and it can hold a lot of incense." Qing Yi Zheng's hip poem said: "Bluegrass made a trip, and the mountains are meaningful. If you are still loyal, why fight for the masses? " . Orchids are considered to be lush green leaves, unique softness, no femininity, no kitsch, the purest fragrance, delicate fragrance and delicate fragrance, which can be called delicate fragrance and childishness. Chrysanthemum cold-resistant cream, fragrant in late autumn. There are thousands of chrysanthemum varieties in China. At present, in addition to potted plants, it has developed into chrysanthemum, cliff chrysanthemum, cut chrysanthemum and ground cover chrysanthemum, which are widely used. Tao Yuanming's Poetry Day "Fang Ju opens Lin Yao, and pine, cypress and crown rock line up.". With this beauty, it is outstanding for the cream. " Appreciate the gentleman character of chrysanthemum who is not afraid of the harsh environment of wind and frost. Lotus is regarded as "out of mud but not stained, clear lotus but not demon": osmanthus is more elegant in Li Qingzhao's mind. "Dim and dull, the corpus luteum is soft, and the feelings are far away and only fragrant. Why light blue? The painting column opens in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the poet can be ruthless and think about it. Why didn't he receive it that year? " Even the elegant plum blossom is jealous of it. The reclusive chrysanthemum is also ashamed of him. It can be seen that osmanthus is noble.

2. Cultural symbols and symbols of good luck.

Pine and cypress is a symbol of longevity and prosperity for future generations: plum blossom with five petals, known as "plum blossom Five Blessingg", has become one of the auspicious patterns on the garden floor. "Plum" and "eyebrow" are homophonic, and they are combined with magpies to form a pattern of "Magpies Climbing Plums", which means "beaming". They are widely used in carving patterns from the ground to the ceiling to create a happy and peaceful atmosphere: bamboo is regarded as a symbol of spring, and Yangzhou is a "garden" with the theme of praising bamboo. "Ge" is the shape of a bamboo leaf. Taking a single bamboo in the "Ge" garden has the profound meaning of independence and narcissism. Bamboo also symbolizes the prosperity of future generations. Bamboo is also a symbol of Buddhist teachings: lotus is a symbol of Buddhism, a sacred and clean thing in Buddhist soil, and a symbol of wisdom and purity: the phoenix tree is associated with the Phoenix in the Book of Songs. Indus attracts phoenix and becomes a sacred and elegant plant. "Tong" and "Tong" are homophonic, often used as auspicious patterns, which cooperate with magpies and other objects to form a "happy" pattern: Peony is known as the "flower of wealth" and has become a symbol of wealth and splendor. For example, peony and hibiscus, peony and periwinkle represent "prosperous Changchun", peony and begonia symbolize "being a noble family", peony and peach blossom represent "longevity, wealth and dignity", peony and narcissus are the code words of "wealth and immortality", peony, pine tree and longevity stone symbolize "wealth and longevity", and lotus flowers, chrysanthemums and plum blossoms are often painted on peony to symbolize the four seasons. The rose in the bottle symbolizes the peace of the four seasons: the begonia in spring becomes the symbol of spring, and the begonia gate has the meaning of eternal and strong spring: chrysanthemum is a "hermit" in flowers, and "Taoju" symbolizes Tao Yuanming's lofty sentiments of not bowing his head for five buckets of rice: weeping willows are graceful and have far-reaching cultural significance. Weeping willows have strong adaptability to the environment and become a symbol of vitality. "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, and "Liu" has become the emotional carrier of nostalgia and attachment. Since then, it has become a routine for friends to say goodbye. Willow is also a symbol of home and hometown: azaleas are the beauty of flowers and the emotional sustenance of people's homesickness for their mothers; Osmanthus fragrans is known as "Xianyou" and "Xianke". It was branded with the imperial examination culture, symbolizing Deng Di: the orchid symbolizes friendship, the concentric language is called "Lan Yan", and the sworn brother is called "Yi Jie Jin Lan". Bauhinia leaves are shaped like "heart", so they are used to symbolize concentricity and unity: pomegranate symbolizes many children; Olives symbolize peace; Ziwei and Zelkova symbolize dignitaries; Day lily means forgetting your troubles.

3. Ancient trees that witness history.

An ancient tree refers to an old tree that has grown for more than a hundred years; a famous tree refers to a tree that has social influence and is famous in the world, and its age is often more than a hundred years. Ancient and famous trees have irreplaceable historical and cultural value. As a cultural character, the "antiquity" of ancient trees is the accumulation of history and culture and a living cultural relic in gardens. This ancient cultural character is often regarded as a symbol of nation and country. The old trees that have been growing for more than 100 years have entered a slow growth stage, and the diameter of the trunk has become very slow, giving people a weather-beaten and vibrant sense of Gu Zhuo. Most of the long-lived trees in the world are conifers, oak trees, fir trees, banyan trees, locust trees, ginkgo trees and so on. Famous trees are famous for their peculiar posture and high ornamental value, such as the "welcoming pine" in Huangshan, China; Or they are famous for historical events, such as the Han cypress in Daimiao Temple on Mount Tai, which was planted by Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty during meditation. Or it is famous for its legends. For example, the cypress planted by Huangdi in Xuanyuan Temple, Huangling, Shaanxi Province, is nearly 2 0 meters high and has a circumference of 10 meter, making it the largest cypress in China. It is said that Xuanyuan Huangdi, the legendary ancestor of the Chinese nation, planted it himself: the ginkgo tree (called "Imperial Tree") in Tanzhe Temple in Beijing is said to have been planted in Liao Dynasty, with a height of more than 3 0 meters. Many ancient and famous trees have experienced the change of dynasties, the joys and sorrows of the people and the vicissitudes of the world, which can be used to write explanations and popularize historical knowledge. Ancient and famous trees add luster to culture and art, and are the subject of poetry and painting by literati in past dynasties, often accompanied by beautiful legends and wonderful stories. Ancient and famous trees are also beautiful places of interest, such as "Wolong pine" in Beijing Jietai Temple. If hard-core branches take off in the black dragon, it will give people beautiful enjoyment. Therefore, ancient and famous trees can not only make people nostalgic, but also get aesthetic pleasure. The spiritual and cultural connotation of China classical garden plants reflects the spiritual world and emotional pursuit of China literati and the public. Such survival wisdom, artistic cultural environment and poetic life have become a part of the cultural and artistic treasure house of our time and a valuable resource of modern landscape design. China has a long history and splendid culture. China traditional garden art has a long history and elegant taste. As an art, it bears the rich traditional spiritual culture of China. On the material carrier, the environmental atmosphere gives people the feeling of artistic conception, the modeling style gives people the perception of image, and the symbolic meaning gives people the understanding of association. This paper focuses on the spiritual and cultural connotations of plants in China classical gardens.

1. Emotional hidden body.

In the traditional garden culture of China, flowers and trees are carriers endowed with rich cultural information, and they are often used as media to express their feelings. For example, pine, bamboo and plum are called "three friends of the old cold". It means loyal friendship formed in cold weather, and it is also used to express a firm and complete personality that can stand the test of harsh environment: loose, vigorous, quaint, not afraid of the harsh environment of frost, snow and cold, able to stand on the top of the mountain in the cold, with firm, unyielding and noble character. Confucius has a famous saying: "When the cold comes and the summer goes, you will know that the pine and cypress are withered and late"; Li Baizan said: "The pine and cypress are lonely and straight, but it is difficult for peaches and plums"; bamboo is appreciated by the "three religions" and has accumulated profound cultural implications. "If you haven't been a scholar, you will be modest." So bamboo is considered as the most virtuous gentleman. No wonder Su Dongpo "would rather eat without meat than live without bamboo". Garden attractions, such as "bamboo trails leading to seclusion", are the most commonly used. The pine and bamboo around the house are the favorite places of ancient literati: plum blossom is the favorite plant of China people. Mei has the qualities of integrity, nobility and elegance. In Lu You's ci, "If you have no intention of striving for spring, everyone will be jealous". I appreciate the quality of plum blossom that is not afraid of violence and the spirit of humility and dedication. In Lu You's ci, the words "scattered into mud and crushed into a flat, with the same fragrance in his mouth" express his self-esteem, white love, noble and elegant sentiments. Pieces of plum blossom forest have the landscape of Xiang Xue, and there are many scenic spots named after Mei. There are Meihua Mountain, Meiling, Meigang, Meiwu and Xiangxueyun Pavilion. In addition, Meilan Zhuju is a "four gentlemen". Lan is considered the most elegant. "Sweet but not bright". A feather poem in the Ming Dynasty said: "It can be white and yellow, no one is fragrant, and the heart is not big, and it can hold a lot of incense." Qing Yi Zheng's hip poem said: "Bluegrass made a trip, and the mountains are meaningful. If you are still loyal, why fight for the masses? " . Orchids are considered to be lush green leaves, unique softness, no femininity, no kitsch, the purest fragrance, delicate fragrance and delicate fragrance, which can be called delicate fragrance and childishness. Chrysanthemum cold-resistant cream, fragrant in late autumn. There are thousands of chrysanthemum varieties in China. At present, in addition to potted plants, it has developed into chrysanthemum, cliff chrysanthemum, cut chrysanthemum and ground cover chrysanthemum, which are widely used. Tao Yuanming's Poetry Day "Fang Ju opens Lin Yao, and pine, cypress and crown rock line up.". With this beauty, it is outstanding for the cream. " Appreciate the gentleman character of chrysanthemum who is not afraid of the harsh environment of wind and frost. Lotus is regarded as "out of mud but not stained, clear lotus but not demon": osmanthus is more elegant in Li Qingzhao's mind. "Dim and dull, the corpus luteum is soft, and the feelings are far away and only fragrant. Why light blue? The painting column opens in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the poet can be ruthless and think about it. Why didn't he receive it that year? " Even the elegant plum blossom is jealous of it. The reclusive chrysanthemum is also ashamed of him. It can be seen that osmanthus is noble.

2. Cultural symbols and symbols of good luck.

Pine and cypress is a symbol of longevity and prosperity for future generations: plum blossom with five petals, known as "plum blossom Five Blessingg", has become one of the auspicious patterns on the garden floor. "Plum" and "eyebrow" are homophonic, and they are combined with magpies to form a pattern of "Magpies Climbing Plums", which means "beaming". They are widely used in carving patterns from the ground to the ceiling to create a happy and peaceful atmosphere: bamboo is regarded as a symbol of spring, and Yangzhou is a "garden" with the theme of praising bamboo. "Ge" is the shape of a bamboo leaf. Taking a single bamboo in the "Ge" garden has the profound meaning of independence and narcissism. Bamboo also symbolizes the prosperity of future generations. Bamboo is also a symbol of Buddhist teachings: lotus is a symbol of Buddhism, a sacred and clean thing in Buddhist soil, and a symbol of wisdom and purity: the phoenix tree is associated with the Phoenix in the Book of Songs. Indus attracts phoenix and becomes a sacred and elegant plant. "Tong" and "Tong" are homophonic, often used as auspicious patterns, which cooperate with magpies and other objects to form a "happy" pattern: Peony is known as the "flower of wealth" and has become a symbol of wealth and splendor. For example, peony and hibiscus, peony and periwinkle represent "prosperous Changchun", peony and begonia symbolize "being a noble family", peony and peach blossom represent "longevity, wealth and dignity", peony and narcissus are the code words of "wealth and immortality", peony, pine tree and longevity stone symbolize "wealth and longevity", and lotus flowers, chrysanthemums and plum blossoms are often painted on peony to symbolize the four seasons. The rose in the bottle symbolizes the peace of the four seasons: the begonia in spring becomes the symbol of spring, and the begonia gate has the meaning of eternal and strong spring: chrysanthemum is a "hermit" in flowers, and "Taoju" symbolizes Tao Yuanming's lofty sentiments of not bowing his head for five buckets of rice: weeping willows are graceful and have far-reaching cultural significance. Weeping willows have strong adaptability to the environment and become a symbol of vitality. "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, and "Liu" has become the emotional carrier of nostalgia and attachment. Since then, it has become a routine for friends to say goodbye. Willow is also a symbol of home and hometown: azaleas are the beauty of flowers and the emotional sustenance of people's homesickness for their mothers; Osmanthus fragrans is known as "Xianyou" and "Xianke". It was branded with the imperial examination culture, symbolizing Deng Di: the orchid symbolizes friendship, the concentric language is called "Lan Yan", and the sworn brother is called "Yi Jie Jin Lan". Bauhinia leaves are shaped like "heart", so they are used to symbolize concentricity and unity: pomegranate symbolizes many children; Olives symbolize peace; Ziwei and Zelkova symbolize dignitaries; Day lily means forgetting your troubles.

3. Ancient trees that witness history.

An ancient tree refers to an old tree that has grown for more than a hundred years; a famous tree refers to a tree that has social influence and is famous in the world, and its age is often more than a hundred years. Ancient and famous trees have irreplaceable historical and cultural value. As a cultural character, the "antiquity" of ancient trees is the accumulation of history and culture and a living cultural relic in gardens. This ancient cultural character is often regarded as a symbol of nation and country. The old trees that have been growing for more than 100 years have entered a slow growth stage, and the diameter of the trunk has become very slow, giving people a weather-beaten and vibrant sense of Gu Zhuo. Most of the long-lived trees in the world are conifers, oak trees, fir trees, banyan trees, locust trees, ginkgo trees and so on. Famous trees are famous for their peculiar posture and high ornamental value, such as the "welcoming pine" in Huangshan, China; Or they are famous for historical events, such as the Han cypress in Daimiao Temple on Mount Tai, which was planted by Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty during meditation. Or it is famous for its legends. For example, the cypress planted by Huangdi in Xuanyuan Temple, Huangling, Shaanxi Province, is nearly 2 0 meters high and has a circumference of 10 meter, making it the largest cypress in China. It is said that Xuanyuan Huangdi, the legendary ancestor of the Chinese nation, planted it himself: the ginkgo tree (called "Imperial Tree") in Tanzhe Temple in Beijing is said to have been planted in Liao Dynasty, with a height of more than 3 0 meters. Many ancient and famous trees have experienced the change of dynasties, the joys and sorrows of the people and the vicissitudes of the world, which can be used to write explanations and popularize historical knowledge. Ancient and famous trees add luster to culture and art, and are the subject of poetry and painting by literati in past dynasties, often accompanied by beautiful legends and wonderful stories. Ancient and famous trees are also beautiful places of interest, such as "Wolong pine" in Beijing Jietai Temple. If hard-core branches take off in the black dragon, it will give people beautiful enjoyment. Therefore, ancient and famous trees can not only make people nostalgic, but also get aesthetic pleasure. The spiritual and cultural connotation of China classical garden plants reflects the spiritual world and emotional pursuit of China literati and the public. Such survival wisdom, artistic cultural environment and poetic life have become a part of the cultural and artistic treasure house of our time and a valuable resource of modern landscape design. China has a long history and splendid culture. China traditional garden art has a long history and elegant taste. As an art, it bears the rich traditional spiritual culture of China. On the material carrier, the environmental atmosphere gives people the feeling of artistic conception, the modeling style gives people the perception of image, and the symbolic meaning gives people the understanding of association. This paper focuses on the spiritual and cultural connotations of plants in China classical gardens.

1. Emotional hidden body.

In the traditional garden culture of China, flowers and trees are carriers endowed with rich cultural information, and they are often used as media to express their feelings. For example, pine, bamboo and plum are called "three friends of the old cold". It means loyal friendship formed in cold weather, and it is also used to express a firm and complete personality that can stand the test of harsh environment: loose, vigorous, quaint, not afraid of the harsh environment of frost, snow and cold, able to stand on the top of the mountain in the cold, with firm, unyielding and noble character. Confucius has a famous saying: "When the cold comes and the summer goes, you will know that the pine and cypress are withered and late"; Li Baizan said: "The pine and cypress are lonely and straight, but it is difficult for peaches and plums"; bamboo is appreciated by the "three religions" and has accumulated profound cultural implications. "If you haven't been a scholar, you will be modest." So bamboo is considered as the most virtuous gentleman. No wonder Su Dongpo "would rather eat without meat than live without bamboo". Garden attractions, such as "bamboo trails leading to seclusion", are the most commonly used. The pine and bamboo around the house are the favorite places of ancient literati: plum blossom is the favorite plant of China people. Mei has the qualities of integrity, nobility and elegance. In Lu You's ci, "If you have no intention of striving for spring, everyone will be jealous". I appreciate the quality of plum blossom that is not afraid of violence and the spirit of humility and dedication. In Lu You's ci, the words "scattered into mud and crushed into a flat, with the same fragrance in his mouth" express his self-esteem, white love, noble and elegant sentiments. Pieces of plum blossom forest have the landscape of Xiang Xue, and there are many scenic spots named after Mei. There are Meihua Mountain, Meiling, Meigang, Meiwu and Xiangxueyun Pavilion. In addition, Meilan Zhuju is a "four gentlemen". Lan is considered the most elegant. "Sweet but not bright". A feather poem in the Ming Dynasty said: "It can be white and yellow, no one is fragrant, and the heart is not big, and it can hold a lot of incense." Qing Yi Zheng's hip poem said: "Bluegrass made a trip, and the mountains are meaningful. If you are still loyal, why fight for the masses? " . Orchids are considered to be lush green leaves, unique softness, no femininity, no kitsch, the purest fragrance, delicate fragrance and delicate fragrance, which can be called delicate fragrance and childishness. Chrysanthemum cold-resistant cream, fragrant in late autumn. There are thousands of chrysanthemum varieties in China. At present, in addition to potted plants, it has developed into chrysanthemum, cliff chrysanthemum, cut chrysanthemum and ground cover chrysanthemum, which are widely used. Tao Yuanming's Poetry Day "Fang Ju opens Lin Yao, and pine, cypress and crown rock line up.". With this beauty, it is outstanding for the cream. " Appreciate the gentleman character of chrysanthemum who is not afraid of the harsh environment of wind and frost. Lotus is regarded as "out of mud but not stained, clear lotus but not demon": osmanthus is more elegant in Li Qingzhao's mind. "Dim and dull, the corpus luteum is soft, and the feelings are far away and only fragrant. Why light blue? The painting column opens in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the poet can be ruthless and think about it. Why didn't he receive it that year? " Even the elegant plum blossom is jealous of it. The reclusive chrysanthemum is also ashamed of him. It can be seen that osmanthus is noble.

2. Cultural symbols and symbols of good luck.

Pine and cypress is a symbol of longevity and prosperity for future generations: plum blossom with five petals, known as "plum blossom Five Blessingg", has become one of the auspicious patterns on the garden floor. "Plum" and "eyebrow" are homophonic, and they are combined with magpies to form a pattern of "Magpies Climbing Plums", which means "beaming". They are widely used in carving patterns from the ground to the ceiling to create a happy and peaceful atmosphere: bamboo is regarded as a symbol of spring, and Yangzhou is a "garden" with the theme of praising bamboo. "Ge" is the shape of a bamboo leaf. Taking a single bamboo in the "Ge" garden has the profound meaning of independence and narcissism. Bamboo also symbolizes the prosperity of future generations. Bamboo is also a symbol of Buddhist teachings: lotus is a symbol of Buddhism, a sacred and clean thing in Buddhist soil, and a symbol of wisdom and purity: the phoenix tree is associated with the Phoenix in the Book of Songs. Indus attracts phoenix and becomes a sacred and elegant plant. "Tong" and "Tong" are homophonic, often used as auspicious patterns, which cooperate with magpies and other objects to form a "happy" pattern: Peony is known as the "flower of wealth" and has become a symbol of wealth and splendor. For example, peony and hibiscus, peony and periwinkle represent "prosperous Changchun", peony and begonia symbolize "being a noble family", peony and peach blossom represent "longevity, wealth and dignity", peony and narcissus are the code words of "wealth and immortality", peony, pine tree and longevity stone symbolize "wealth and longevity", and lotus flowers, chrysanthemums and plum blossoms are often painted on peony to symbolize the four seasons. The rose in the bottle symbolizes the peace of the four seasons: the begonia in spring becomes the symbol of spring, and the begonia gate has the meaning of eternal and strong spring: chrysanthemum is a "hermit" in flowers, and "Taoju" symbolizes Tao Yuanming's lofty sentiments of not bowing his head for five buckets of rice: weeping willows are graceful and have far-reaching cultural significance. Weeping willows have strong adaptability to the environment and become a symbol of vitality. "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, and "Liu" has become the emotional carrier of nostalgia and attachment. Since then, it has become a routine for friends to say goodbye. Willow is also a symbol of home and hometown: azaleas are the beauty of flowers and the emotional sustenance of people's homesickness for their mothers; Osmanthus fragrans is known as "Xianyou" and "Xianke". It was branded with the imperial examination culture, symbolizing Deng Di: the orchid symbolizes friendship, the concentric language is called "Lan Yan", and the sworn brother is called "Yi Jie Jin Lan". Bauhinia leaves are shaped like "heart", so they are used to symbolize concentricity and unity: pomegranate symbolizes many children; Olives symbolize peace; Ziwei and Zelkova symbolize dignitaries; Day lily means forgetting your troubles.

3. Ancient trees that witness history.

An ancient tree refers to an old tree that has grown for more than a hundred years; a famous tree refers to a tree that has social influence and is famous in the world, and its age is often more than a hundred years. Ancient and famous trees have irreplaceable historical and cultural value. As a cultural character, the "antiquity" of ancient trees is the accumulation of history and culture and a living cultural relic in gardens. This ancient cultural character is often regarded as a symbol of nation and country. The old trees that have been growing for more than 100 years have entered a slow growth stage, and the diameter of the trunk has become very slow, giving people a weather-beaten and vibrant sense of Gu Zhuo. Most of the long-lived trees in the world are conifers, oak trees, fir trees, banyan trees, locust trees, ginkgo trees and so on. Famous trees are famous for their peculiar posture and high ornamental value, such as the "welcoming pine" in Huangshan, China; Or they are famous for historical events, such as the Han cypress in Daimiao Temple on Mount Tai, which was planted by Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty during meditation. Or it is famous for its legends. For example, the cypress planted by Huangdi in Xuanyuan Temple, Huangling, Shaanxi Province, is nearly 2 0 meters high and has a circumference of 10 meter, making it the largest cypress in China. It is said that Xuanyuan Huangdi, the legendary ancestor of the Chinese nation, planted it himself: the ginkgo tree (called "Imperial Tree") in Tanzhe Temple in Beijing is said to have been planted in Liao Dynasty, with a height of more than 3 0 meters. Many ancient and famous trees have experienced the change of dynasties, the joys and sorrows of the people and the vicissitudes of the world, which can be used to write explanations and popularize historical knowledge. Ancient and famous trees add luster to culture and art, and are the subject of poetry and painting by literati in past dynasties, often accompanied by beautiful legends and wonderful stories. Ancient and famous trees are also beautiful places of interest, such as "Wolong pine" in Beijing Jietai Temple. If hard-core branches take off in the black dragon, it will give people beautiful enjoyment. Therefore, ancient and famous trees can not only make people nostalgic, but also get aesthetic pleasure. The spiritual and cultural connotation of China classical garden plants reflects the spiritual world and emotional pursuit of China literati and the public. Such survival wisdom, artistic cultural environment and poetic life have become a part of the cultural and artistic treasure house of our time and a valuable resource of modern landscape design. China has a long history and splendid culture. China traditional garden art has a long history and elegant taste. As an art, it bears the rich traditional spiritual culture of China. On the material carrier, the environmental atmosphere gives people the feeling of artistic conception, the modeling style gives people the perception of image, and the symbolic meaning gives people the understanding of association. This paper focuses on the spiritual and cultural connotations of plants in China classical gardens.

1. Emotional hidden body.

In the traditional garden culture of China, flowers and trees are carriers endowed with rich cultural information, and they are often used as media to express their feelings. For example, pine, bamboo and plum are called "three friends of the old cold". It means loyal friendship formed in cold weather, and it is also used to express a firm and complete personality that can stand the test of harsh environment: loose, vigorous, quaint, not afraid of the harsh environment of frost, snow and cold, able to stand on the top of the mountain in the cold, with firm, unyielding and noble character. Confucius has a famous saying: "When the cold comes and the summer goes, you will know that the pine and cypress are withered and late"; Li Baizan said: "The pine and cypress are lonely and straight, but it is difficult for peaches and plums"; bamboo is appreciated by the "three religions" and has accumulated profound cultural implications. "If you haven't been a scholar, you will be modest." So bamboo is considered as the most virtuous gentleman. No wonder Su Dongpo "would rather eat without meat than live without bamboo". Garden attractions, such as "bamboo trails leading to seclusion", are the most commonly used. The pine and bamboo around the house are the favorite places of ancient literati: plum blossom is the favorite plant of China people. Mei has the qualities of integrity, nobility and elegance. In Lu You's ci, "If you have no intention of striving for spring, everyone will be jealous". I appreciate the quality of plum blossom that is not afraid of violence and the spirit of humility and dedication. In Lu You's ci, the words "scattered into mud and crushed into a flat, with the same fragrance in his mouth" express his self-esteem, white love, noble and elegant sentiments. Pieces of plum blossom forest have the landscape of Xiang Xue, and there are many scenic spots named after Mei. There are Meihua Mountain, Meiling, Meigang, Meiwu and Xiangxueyun Pavilion. In addition, Meilan Zhuju is a "four gentlemen". Lan is considered the most elegant. "Sweet but not bright". A feather poem in the Ming Dynasty said: "It can be white and yellow, no one is fragrant, and the heart is not big, and it can hold a lot of incense." Qing Yi Zheng's hip poem said: "Bluegrass made a trip, and the mountains are meaningful. If you are still loyal, why fight for the masses? " . Orchids are considered to be lush green leaves, unique softness, no femininity, no kitsch, the purest fragrance, delicate fragrance and delicate fragrance, which can be called delicate fragrance and childishness. Chrysanthemum cold-resistant cream, fragrant in late autumn. There are thousands of chrysanthemum varieties in China. At present, in addition to potted plants, it has developed into chrysanthemum, cliff chrysanthemum, cut chrysanthemum and ground cover chrysanthemum, which are widely used. Tao Yuanming's Poetry Day "Fang Ju opens Lin Yao, and pine, cypress and crown rock line up.". With this beauty, it is outstanding for the cream. " Appreciate the gentleman character of chrysanthemum who is not afraid of the harsh environment of wind and frost. Lotus is regarded as "out of mud but not stained, clear lotus but not demon": osmanthus is more elegant in Li Qingzhao's mind. "Dim and dull, the corpus luteum is soft, and the feelings are far away and only fragrant. Why light blue? The painting column opens in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the poet can be ruthless and think about it. Why didn't he receive it that year? " Even the elegant plum blossom is jealous of it. The reclusive chrysanthemum is also ashamed of him. It can be seen that osmanthus is noble.

2. Cultural symbols and symbols of good luck.

Pine and cypress is a symbol of longevity and prosperity for future generations: plum blossom with five petals, known as "plum blossom Five Blessingg", has become one of the auspicious patterns on the garden floor. "Plum" and "eyebrow" are homophonic, and they are combined with magpies to form a pattern of "Magpies Climbing Plums", which means "beaming". They are widely used in carving patterns from the ground to the ceiling to create a happy and peaceful atmosphere: bamboo is regarded as a symbol of spring, and Yangzhou is a "garden" with the theme of praising bamboo. "Ge" is the shape of a bamboo leaf. Taking a single bamboo in the "Ge" garden has the profound meaning of independence and narcissism. Bamboo also symbolizes the prosperity of future generations. Bamboo is also a symbol of Buddhist teachings: lotus is a symbol of Buddhism, a sacred and clean thing in Buddhist soil, and a symbol of wisdom and purity: the phoenix tree is associated with the Phoenix in the Book of Songs. Indus attracts phoenix and becomes a sacred and elegant plant. "Tong" and "Tong" are homophonic, often used as auspicious patterns, which cooperate with magpies and other objects to form a "happy" pattern: Peony is known as the "flower of wealth" and has become a symbol of wealth and splendor. For example, peony and hibiscus, peony and periwinkle represent "prosperous Changchun", peony and begonia symbolize "being a noble family", peony and peach blossom represent "longevity, wealth and dignity", peony and narcissus are the code words of "wealth and immortality", peony, pine tree and longevity stone symbolize "wealth and longevity", and lotus flowers, chrysanthemums and plum blossoms are often painted on peony to symbolize the four seasons. The rose in the bottle symbolizes the peace of the four seasons: the begonia in spring becomes the symbol of spring, and the begonia gate has the meaning of eternal and strong spring: chrysanthemum is a "hermit" in flowers, and "Taoju" symbolizes Tao Yuanming's lofty sentiments of not bowing his head for five buckets of rice: weeping willows are graceful and have far-reaching cultural significance. Weeping willows have strong adaptability to the environment and become a symbol of vitality. "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, and "Liu" has become the emotional carrier of nostalgia and attachment. Since then, it has become a routine for friends to say goodbye. Willow is also a symbol of home and hometown: azaleas are the beauty of flowers and the emotional sustenance of people's homesickness for their mothers; Osmanthus fragrans is known as "Xianyou" and "Xianke". It was branded with the imperial examination culture, symbolizing Deng Di: the orchid symbolizes friendship, the concentric language is called "Lan Yan", and the sworn brother is called "Yi Jie Jin Lan". Bauhinia leaves are shaped like "heart", so they are used to symbolize concentricity and unity: pomegranate symbolizes many children; Olives symbolize peace; Ziwei and Zelkova symbolize dignitaries; Day lily means forgetting your troubles.

3. Ancient trees that witness history.

An ancient tree refers to an old tree that has grown for more than a hundred years; a famous tree refers to a tree that has social influence and is famous in the world, and its age is often more than a hundred years. Ancient and famous trees have irreplaceable historical and cultural value. As a cultural character, the "antiquity" of ancient trees is the accumulation of history and culture and a living cultural relic in gardens. This ancient cultural character is often regarded as a symbol of nation and country. The old trees that have been growing for more than 100 years have entered a slow growth stage, and the diameter of the trunk has become very slow, giving people a weather-beaten and vibrant sense of Gu Zhuo. Most of the long-lived trees in the world are conifers, oak trees, fir trees, banyan trees, locust trees, ginkgo trees and so on. Famous trees are famous for their peculiar posture and high ornamental value, such as the "welcoming pine" in Huangshan, China; Or they are famous for historical events, such as the Han cypress in Daimiao Temple on Mount Tai, which was planted by Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty during meditation. Or it is famous for its legends. For example, the cypress planted by Huangdi in Xuanyuan Temple, Huangling, Shaanxi Province, is nearly 2 0 meters high and has a circumference of 10 meter, making it the largest cypress in China. It is said that Xuanyuan Huangdi, the legendary ancestor of the Chinese nation, planted it himself: the ginkgo tree (called "Imperial Tree") in Tanzhe Temple in Beijing is said to have been planted in Liao Dynasty, with a height of more than 3 0 meters. Many ancient and famous trees have experienced the change of dynasties, the joys and sorrows of the people and the vicissitudes of the world, which can be used to write explanations and popularize historical knowledge. Ancient and famous trees add luster to culture and art, and are the subject of poetry and painting by literati in past dynasties, often accompanied by beautiful legends and wonderful stories. Ancient and famous trees are also beautiful places of interest, such as "Wolong pine" in Beijing Jietai Temple. If hard-core branches take off in the black dragon, it will give people beautiful enjoyment. Therefore, ancient and famous trees can not only make people nostalgic, but also get aesthetic pleasure. The spiritual and cultural connotation of China classical garden plants reflects the spiritual world and emotional pursuit of China literati and the public. Such survival wisdom, artistic cultural environment and poetic life have become a part of the cultural and artistic treasure house of our time and a valuable resource of modern landscape design. China has a long history and splendid culture. China traditional garden art has a long history and elegant taste. As an art, it bears the rich traditional spiritual culture of China. On the material carrier, the environmental atmosphere gives people the feeling of artistic conception, the modeling style gives people the perception of image, and the symbolic meaning gives people the understanding of association. This paper focuses on the spiritual and cultural connotations of plants in China classical gardens.