Application of Suzhou Gardens in Contemporary Design

2 innovative application of special decorative elements

Taihu stone: also known as cave stone and rockery, is a kind of limestone, which has two types: water and drought. The earliest Taihu stone, with various shapes and postures, is crystal clear, and its color can best reflect the beauty of "wrinkle, leakage, thinness and transparency". Its color is mostly white stone, but rarely blue black stone. In particular, yellow ones are even rarer, so it is especially suitable for arranging parks, lawns, campuses, courtyards and other tourist attractions. It has high ornamental value. According to "Qing Yi Lu", people began to enjoy it in the post-Jin period of the Five Dynasties, and it became particularly popular in the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Niu Monks and Confucians, who were revered in phase, were a person who loved collecting Taihu stones. His villa in Guirenli and Nanguo, the mansion, has a very rich collection of Taihu Stone. Bai Juyi called him "when resting, he keeps company with the stone", even to the point of "treating him like a guest and friend, loving him like Tessa, being as precious as a gem, and loving his children and grandchildren", which shows that he loves the stone deeply. Bai Juyi once wrote "The Story of Taihu Stone" to describe Taihu Stone, and it was also recorded in "Yunlin Stone Spectrum". The "Flower Stone Class" that happened at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty refers to Taihu Stone, which caused the peasant uprising. The famous Taihu Stone left over from history includes Cloud Capped Peak in Suzhou Liuyuan Garden and Yulinglong in Shanghai Yuyuan Garden. Taihu Stone can be divided into water stone and dry stone. Tang Wurong's "Song of Taihu Stone" vividly describes the causes and methods of water stone: "Dongting Mountain Lake is full of water, and there are hidden stones in the waves, and the iron rope is searched for thousands of times. Whoever knows the grotesque shape." Dry stone is formed by limestone formed 4 million years ago under the long-term erosion of acidic red soil. In addition to natural formation, Taihu Stone is also processed by craftsmen. According to Lin Youlin's "Stone Spectrum of Suyuan" in Ming Dynasty, it is recorded that "workers in Taihu Lake in Pingjiang (now Suzhou) take big materials, or those who are one or two feet taller, first carve them in the rushing water and hit them, which will be natural for a long time, or smoked or dyed".

Taihu Stone originated from Taihu Lake in Dongting Mountain, Suzhou. Due to the impact of water waves for many years, many holes, perforations and tunnels have been produced, which are strangely shaped and cut, and have been favored by gardeners since ancient times. There are three kinds of Taihu stone: white Taihu stone, blue-black Taihu stone and blue-gray Taihu stone. Quarrymen carry tools to dive for stones, bind them with big ropes, hang them on big ships and transport them to the construction site for gardening. Wen Zhenheng, a Ming painter and landscaper, wrote in "Chronicles of Long History": "The Taihu Stone is the most expensive in the water. When it is hit by waves for a long time, it becomes an empty stone with a delicate face." Taihu stone belongs to limestone, mostly gray, rarely white or black. Limestone has been subjected to the impact of waves and the dissolution of water containing carbon dioxide for a long time. In the long years, Taihu stone, which is exquisitely carved and tortuous in nature, has gradually formed.

Anhui Taihu stone. Refers to Anhui Taihu Stone Base. Taihu County, Anhui Province is located in the southwest of Anhui Province, at the southern foot of Dabie Mountain and on the north bank of the Yangtze River. It faces Tianzhu Mountain in the east and Lushan Mountain in the south, ranking above the tourist hotline in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Hejiu Railway, National Highway 15 and Shanghai-Chengdu Expressway pass through the territory with a total area of 2,31 square kilometers. Taihu Lake has beautiful mountains and rivers and pleasant scenery. The lake is dotted with islands, surrounded by mountains and fruit trees, and is a resort for tourism, recuperation and leisure. Zhaohe Tangwan Hot Spring has a water temperature of 47℃ all the year round and a sunrise volume of 1,5 tons. The water quality is clear, and it can be drunk, bathed and treated. Therefore, Anhui Taihu Stone has the function of tourism and recuperation. The mountains around the lake also produce outdoor landscape stones, rockeries, marble slabs, pebbles, also known as boulders (generally more than 2 tons, suitable for being placed in ponds and artificial rivers), infrastructure stones and terrazzo (flat use). For thousands of years, stone viewing and stone hiding were only the exclusive entertainment of the leisure classes such as feudal emperors and generals, literati and literati. Today, with the social progress, economic and cultural development and improvement, the broad masses of working people began to pursue a higher level of spiritual life. Appreciating and hiding stones has become a mass daily cultural activity. "In the old days, Wang thanked the Tang and flew into the homes of ordinary people", so Anhui Taihu stone culture also rose rapidly. Mr. Pan Chengxiang, the master of ci fu, said in Taihu Fu: "There are many mountains in Siyi, and the mountains are steep and lined up; There is much water in Siyi, and the water potential is circular and vertical and horizontal. Those who can't change things are also full of waves and mountains; Those who are obscure and indescribable will also shine in the twilight. Walking in the Moon Bay, the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers is clear; Looking at Orange Island, you can see the blue waves and waves. Longshan scenic area, there are mountains outside the mountain, and the goddess is awkward and difficult to match; Tangwan Hot Spring, there is water outside the water, and Hebo is ashamed of its size. The general mountain is steep and towering, and the mountains are overlapping; Huating Lake is full of waves and vast smoke. The long river is setting, and the sky is steaming with rosy clouds; Han lake embraces the moon, shining with stars and the sky is vast. Shanjian village, clouds and clouds, looking at the verdant green of the mountains; Six provincial slopes, flowers bloom and fall, and the cycle of several seasons. Tianhuajian, black dragon cloud volume, crazy volume whistling; In furong village, the tigers rush to the hills, and the vegetation is surprised. Birds stay in the forest, and pines sing in the wind; When the smoke sets, the shepherd boy returns with a flute. Warm sunshine, strong spring, a little caressing people's ecstasy; Maple leaves fall, autumn rain is cool, and there are many melancholy eyes. Lover island beauties put wine and clouds in their hearts; Di Gongting's lover stopped writing, and the rain sent softness. If it is looming, the dangerous building will be ten thousand feet high in a flash; Get together or leave, and smoke will rise in Pinghu in an instant. The west wind cave is rich on earth, and the cave is strange and beautiful; Lion Mountain, the west corner of Pingfan, the mountains and rivers are unique and won. The peaks are covered with cotton, and the mountains stand steeply in Sichuan; Many valleys are winding, and rivers surround the domain. Haihui temple, the ancient temple is misty; Buddhist temple, agarwood accord have fallen into England. Jiulongjian Waterfall, an axe chiseled from nature, cannot be shaped; Park Chu Cultural Park, covered with painters' painters, cannot be painted. If you live in midsummer, it will be cool and breezy. If you drink ice, it will be refreshing. In the cold winter, the warmth bursts like a spring breeze, the sunshine is beautiful ... the birds are ringing in the Woods, and the lotus fragrance is floating by the lake. The spring rain flutters through the classics, and the spring scenery is getting stronger; Cold rain is raining, and winter is fading away. Tilting and swaying, charming and drunk; Stretching and dragging, gently caressing the microwave. The blue light is slightly burning, and it was once the white lotus seat of bliss Buddha; Zi Xia made a shallow detour, and he tasted the carefree robe of Biyou Laojun. The warm wind is fluttering, and it is pleasant; The arrival of snow is a sign of good harvest. Strange mountains and different rocks are everywhere ... ". Wang Zesheng, a scholar, commented: "The scenery is the stone of Taihu Lake.".

Fangshan Taihu Stone, also known as North Taihu Stone, is produced in Zhoukoudian, Fangshan District, Beijing. This stone is limestone, and its shape is generally similar to that of the southern Taihu stone, with the changes of vortex, ditch, ring and hole of Taihu stone. The bulk density is larger than that of the South Taihu Stone, and there is no * * * sound when it is buckled. There are many small holes and few big holes. The posture is revealed, and the texture is hard, which is generally used to build rockeries. Fangshan Taihu Stone is mostly buried in the soil layer. Due to the action of red mountain soil, most of the newly mined stones are reddish, orange and yellowish, and the surface is grayish black after a long time. The texture is not as brittle as the south Taihu stone, and it has a certain toughness. The appearance is relatively heavy, vigorous and magnificent, which is obviously different from the lightness, comeliness and exquisiteness of the southern Taihu stone.

in a word, Taihu stone is a kind of thing that contains history and culture. In ancient China, Taihu Stone was developed and utilized very early. Taihu Stone is a typical traditional stone offering. Taihu Stone was famous in the world as early as the Tang Dynasty more than 1, years ago. Its main aesthetic characteristics are "thinness, wrinkling, leakage and transparency". It is exquisite and exquisite, and it is suitable as a garden stone. Garden stones in Taihu Lake are an important part of Chinese stone appreciation culture and have a long history. Taihu stone is the setting stone of the royal garden, and it is a kind of garden stone. It is an exquisite and grotesque ornamental stone naturally formed by nature. Taihu stone can be described as various, colorful: or strange, or colorful, or beautiful, or good quality, or exquisite, exquisite and elegant; Or muddy and simple, dignified and deep, extraordinary and refined, pleasing to the eye and thoughtful. At present, there is also a kind of Taihu Stone in a broad sense, that is, the various and exquisite carbonate rocks formed by karstification in various properties are collectively called Taihu Stone in a broad sense!

Taihu Stone is widely used in modern decoration, and it is often used in the landscape design of high-end hotels and villas, which makes it feel classical and elegant.