Reading classical Chinese in Meishan Yuan Jing Building

A Record of Su Shi in Yuan Jing Building, Meishan

Three customs in our state are close to ancient times. His scholar-officials attached importance to skills and clan, his people respected officials and feared the law, and his peasants helped each other hand in hand. Covered with the legacy of three generations of Han and Tang dynasties, his county is beyond reach.

At the beginning, the imperial court chose scholars on the basis of temperament, but before Tiansheng, scholars still attacked the disadvantages of the Five Dynasties. The literati in our state is the only one who studies classics and ancient times and takes western Chinese characters as his teacher. The party is just, and the quartet refers to pedantry. As for the history of counties, they are all based on classics and pens, so they should be able to advance and retreat. Moreover, everyone is distinguished and has a superior family background, and they all have a certain product called Jiang Xiang. If it weren't for this family background, although expensive and rich, I wouldn't get married. His satrap county magistrate, such as Gu Junchen, not only went there, but also took care of the portrait, while his sage recorded what he did as ammunition, which will not be forgotten for forty or fifty years. Rich businessmen and small people often store things well and wait for the requirements of officials. Family laws and regulations are often read without thinking. Although they are thin and small, there will always be people who dare not commit them all their lives.

In February, farming began. At the beginning of April, Kyrgyzstan and the valley are young and the grass is strong, and those who plow are out. If you measure your field, you will eventually be able to do this. If there are more fields and less people, there will be a price to pay. In July, when you look forward to it, the grass will wither and the servant will miss it. Take a fine and compensate the public money, buy sheep and wine to worship the ancestors, eat, drink and be merry, and lead a drunken life. It is normal to be 20 years old. Its customs cover it. So its people are smart, talented, hard-working and easy to govern, but difficult to serve. From obeying orders from the beginning, judging by his words and actions, he has become a person. Those smart and capable people stop trying things and become silent all day. If you don't follow its path, Chen Yi will follow the law and cut it with scorn. So those who don't know find it difficult to treat.

Today, I am the chief executive of Hou Li, and I am a friend of this gentleman. It is easy to be concise, firm, clear and meticulous. Since it's a Manchu generation, I can't bear to part with it, so I'll keep it instead of taking it away. After three years, the people believe in it, so there is nothing. It was built to stay in the north of the house, and it was built as a overlooking building, where guests and officials come and go every day. The poet is from Xuzhou, and people in our state communicate by books. No wonder they don't know Li Hou's good, but they ask to write and remember.

My husband Shi has been away for a long time. The so-called vision building, although want to see its location, but can not be detailed. However, the reason why Honshu people want to remember the success of Lesi Building is because there are easy things and easy customs in the world! Confucius said: I am still in the absence of history. People who have horses lend them to others. My husband died today. Yes, there is no big profit or loss in Tao, but it is recorded. Today, our state is close to the ancient customs, which can only be used for generations, which makes the old people become younger brothers, and there is no need to record the tireless teaching in order! If my husband enjoys watching the scenery and beautiful mountains and rivers, he will go back to his old place, put on a cloth towel, enjoy drinking and give him a pen to praise Hou Li's heritage, and it is not too late.

(Selected from Su Shi Ji, Zhongzhou Ancient Books Publishing House, with deletion)

Pay attention to the coupling: two people plow side by side.

9. In the following statement, the explanation of adding words is incorrect ().

A. After-the-fact meeting: summary accounting

B. the reason for the increase in the north of the residence: just follow.

C. Stone's hometown is long gone: leaving.

D. Immortality: Migration

10, in the following statements, the specific expression of Meizhou ethos is group ().

(1) the farmers' association (2) is that the quartet refers to pedantry.

(3) the history of counties and counties is all based on pens. (4) Their writings are satrap county orders, such as ancient monarchs and ministers.

The laws and regulations of family possession are often read without thinking.

⑥ Swimming on it with guests and officials.

①②⑤ B. ①③④ C. ②④⑥ D. ③⑤⑥

1 1, the following summary and analysis of the original content is incorrect ().

A. This article is an essay written by the author at the request of the people in his hometown. The article introduces the customs and social customs of Meizhou in detail, revealing deep nostalgia for hometown between the lines.

B. While respecting Confucian classics, Meizhou scholars paid great attention to family status and origin, especially the big families emphasized family status. If it is not equal in strength, even if the other party has money, it will not marry the other party.

C. Meizhou has a mellow folk customs, and the people respect the elderly and love officials, and at the same time they are very wise. Every local official takes office, and the people observe and understand the officials by listening to their words and deeds.

D. Although Li Taishou described by the author has not made earth-shattering achievements, his image of being close to the people and forgiving has the demeanor of an ancient saint, and the author also embodies his political ideals in Li Taishou.

12, please translate the underlined sentences in the classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese.

(1) When the grass fails in July, the servant will miss it.

2 don't follow its way, then Chen Yi grasp the law, to sneer at it.

(3) If you are full and reluctant to go, keep it and don't take it away.

13, please use slash (∕) to break the underlined part of the following essay in classical Chinese. (limited to 6 places)

For Cao, hundreds of people played drums and drums, so that many people chose their followers to make the public feel frightened. Two people clap their hands and beat the drums, one clap his hands and go forward and backward, but only two people listen. If you can't drum up, you will be punished if you fail.

(Selected from Su Shi's Meizhou Yuanjinglou)

Answer:

9, d (relocation: change, change)

10、B

1 1, b ("emphasizing gate valve" and "equal power" are wrong. Meizhou scholar-officials "emphasize the classics and the clan")

12, see translation.

13, please use slash (∕) to break the underlined part of the following essay in classical Chinese. (limited to 6 places)

One hundred people are Cao, and setting a watch/drumming makes many people/choose people who are afraid. Two people/one drummer/one drummer/advance and retreat/only two people listen. If you can't drum up, you will be punished if you fail.

Reference translation

There are three customs in my hometown Meizhou, which are close to the ancient customs. The scholar-officials there attached importance to Confucian classics and clan relatives; The people there respect the government and are afraid of breaking the law; Farmers there cooperate in farming and help each other. These are the simple legacies of the Han, Tang and Three Dynasties, which can't be compared with other counties.

At the beginning, the imperial court selected scholars by ci fu, but before Saint's Day, scholars all over the world still followed the gaudy bad habits since the Five Dynasties. Only Meizhou scholars are familiar with classics and study ancient Chinese, taking the articles of the Western Han Dynasty as a model. At that time, taxi drivers in other counties thought their practices were outdated. As for the small officials in counties and counties, they all hold pen and ink scriptures, and the official letters they write are very old-fashioned. However, big families and prominent people have certain comments based on their articles, and the locals call them Jiang Xiang. People who are not from these clans, despite their high status and wealth, will not marry them. The people treat the satrap and county magistrate just like the relationship between ancient monarchs and ministers. After leaving office, officials will paint portraits of them. For wise people, we should also record their deeds and tell them to each other, never forgetting them for forty or fifty years. Businessmen and small people often collect some good things separately to meet the needs of officials. Every family has hidden national laws and regulations, and it is not wrong to read them often. Even if it is a small mistake, people will never dare to go against it for life.

Every February, farming begins. At the beginning of April, when the seedlings were tender and overgrown with weeds, all the cultivators went out. Dozens or hundreds of people set up a leaky clock for Cao Cao to command the masses by knocking, and chose two people who were all in awe and conviction. One beat the drum to give orders and the other watched the leaky clock to grasp the time. At the end of the lunch break, we all listened to the instructions of these two people. If the drum hasn't arrived yet, or it has arrived, you will be punished if you don't work hard. Calculate the amount of labor according to the amount of land cultivated by each person, and then settle accounts in a unified way. Families with more fields and fewer men will give money to compensate everyone. In mid-July, when the rice is ripe and the weeds are rotten, we will take back the drum leakage, take out the fine and compensate the people, buy pig and sheep wine glasses to sacrifice to Tianzu, and then eat happily and have a full meal. It happens every year. The customs there are roughly the same. Therefore, the people there are very smart. They work hard and are easy to control but difficult to subdue. When the county magistrate arrives, people often have to observe his manners and get to know him from all aspects. For those who are clear and talented, they are no longer tempted by other things, and the people are safe every day. If the county magistrate doesn't rule by Wang Zhimin, people will reason with him, and even move out the provisions of the law to ridicule and refute him, so people who don't know the customs here think that people here are difficult to govern.

Today, my name is Sheng, and I am a friend of Su Shi's late father. He is simple and gentle, honest and kind, observant and not harsh, and people think he is easy to get along with. When his term of office is about to change, the officers and men are reluctant to let him leave and compete to retain him. The emperor agreed to the request of Meizhou scholars. He stayed in Meizhou for three years, and the people trusted him more, and the government and the people lived in peace. Hou Li built a long-distance running building along the north wall where everyone lives. He plays upstairs with his guests every day. At that time, Su Shi was the magistrate of Xuzhou, and people in his hometown of Meizhou had correspondence. He didn't forget to talk about Hou Li's kindness and asked me to write a note for the building.

Ah! Su Shi has left his hometown for a long time. Although I can vaguely imagine what they call the foreground building, I can't say it in detail. However, people in my hometown are happy to build this building and want me to write a note about it, isn't it because there is a good custom that there is an easy-going official and a manageable person in the world? Confucius said, "I can still see what is missing in the history books." People with horses can't train themselves, so lend them to others to ride first. This spirit is gone today! "There is no doubt in the history books that it is insignificant for the avenue to ride a horse for others first, but Confucius recorded it. Today's Meizhou, this custom close to the ancients, can remain unchanged for such a long time because of the model of mutual respect and love of the older generation, and it is also the result of the tireless care and teaching of virtuous state guards and county magistrates. Can we not record it? I like the pleasure of climbing high and looking far, and I like the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers. In the future, when Su Shi returns to his hometown, he will put on coarse clothes and wrap up a blue headscarf, follow the governor of the state capital upstairs, have a drink, ride music and write a poem to celebrate CoCo Lee's legacy.