History of Haifeng Lijiang

1. History of Lijiang

The ancient city of Lijiang began to take shape during the Southern Song Dynasty and has a history of eight or nine hundred years. Since the Ming Dynasty, the ancient city of Lijiang has been called "Dayanxiang" because it is located in the center of Lijiang Dam, surrounded by green mountains and surrounded by green water. It looks like a large jasper inkstone, so it got its name.

Lijiang belonged to Shu County of Qin State during the Warring States Period. Han belongs to Yuejun.

The Three Kingdoms belongs to Yunnan County. In the Southern Dynasties, it was Suiduan County. Around this time, the ancestors of the Naxi people moved here.

In the Tang Dynasty, it was the seat of the governor of Yaozhou, and later Tubo. The land of Nanzhao was called Sangchuan and belonged to Jianchuan Jiedu.

The Song Dynasty was the Shanju County of Dali and the city began to be built. Kublai Khan conquered Dali southward and stationed troops here for training after crossing the Jinsha River with leather bags. The ruins of "Aying" are still there, and the residents at that time had already There were more than a thousand households. In the 13th year of the Yuan Dynasty, it was changed to Lijiang Road. The name of Lijiang began here and it was named after being close to the bay of Lijiang (the ancient name of Jinsha River).

By the end of the Ming Dynasty, the palace had grown in size and became increasingly prosperous. The palace built by the local chieftain Mu was very gorgeous. And Lijiang Prefecture is "the richest among all counties". The "History of Yunnan Chieftains in the Ming Dynasty" states that "all the local officials in Yunnan knew poetry and books, loved etiquette and observed justice, headed by the Mu family of Lijiang." The name of Fucheng Dayan also began in the Ming Dynasty. Because it is located in the center of Bazi, Lijiang, surrounded by green mountains, and looks like a giant inkstone, it is named Dayan (Inkstone) Xiang.

In the Qing Dynasty, it was Lijiang Prefecture. In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), the land was changed to establish a stream, ending the hereditary rule of Mu clan chieftain since the Yuan Dynasty. In the thirty-fifth year of Qianlong's reign (1770), Lijiang County was established.

Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County was established in 1961.

In December 1997, the ancient town of Lijiang was successfully declared a world cultural heritage, filling the gap that my country has no famous historical and cultural city in the world cultural heritage.

Legend

It is said that Jinshajiang, Nujiang and Lancangjiang are three sisters. Their parents want to marry them to the West. The eldest sister Nujiang can only be angry, the second sister Lancangjiang can only be anxious, and the third sister Jinsha Miss Jiang was demure and steady, and secretly asked her two sisters to flee south. When they arrived at Shigu, Lijiang, the two sisters insisted on continuing their journey south, but the Jinshajiang girl was determined to go to the east where the sun rises, so she said goodbye to her sisters and turned eastward resolutely, thus forming the "First Bend of the Yangtze River".

The parents sent two brothers, Yulong and Haba, to chase and intercept the three escaped sisters. The two brothers came to Baisha, Lijiang, and sat facing each other to block the way to the east. When the two got tired of running, they agreed to take turns waiting, and whoever let the sister go would be killed according to family law. Jade Dragon fell asleep, and it was Haba's turn to wait. Upon seeing this, the Jinsha girl stepped lightly and sang a beautiful hypnotic song. She sang eighteen pieces in a row, and Haba also fell asleep while listening. Sand Girl took the opportunity to slip between their feet.

When Yulong woke up, he saw that Jinsha girl had gone to the east long ago, while Haba was still sleeping soundly. He had no choice but to cut off Haba's head according to family customs, then turned his back and cried bitterly. From then on, the two brothers became the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain and the Haba Snow Mountain. The Tiger Leaping Gorge was formed between them, and the eighteen songs sung by the Jinsha Girl became the eighteen beaches of the Tiger Leaping Gorge. 2. The history and culture of Lijiang

The ancient town of Lijiang is called Dayan Ancient Town

The legend seems to be like this

In fact, the reality is the legend. .Being there, it feels like a legend.

Its ancientness and mystery are legends.

On February 3, 1996, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake occurred in Lijiang, causing serious damage and losses. After the main earthquake, there were 2529 aftershocks, the largest one was magnitude 6.

Reconstruction was carried out soon after.

The current ancient city is actually newly rebuilt.

There are no special folk legends

This is the introduction given by the tour guide to tourists.

Lijiang Ancient Town is also called Dayan Town. It consists of Dayan, Baisha, Shuhe is composed of three parts, and Dayan Ancient City is their concentrated representative, so people often call it Dayan Ancient City or Dayan Town. Moreover, the ancient city of Dayan is located in the center of the Lijiang Basin. In the southwest corner of the ancient city stands the Wenbi Feng, which looks like a giant writing brush. The Lijiang Basin is like a large inkstone made of jasper. In ancient times, "yan" and "inkstone" were connected, so the ancient city Called Dayan. While we were talking, we arrived at the ancient city. The most eye-catching thing at the entrance of the city should be a pair of waterwheels. Some people say it is a mother-child waterwheel, while others say it is a lover's waterwheel.

There were waterwheels in the ancient city in the past, and they are still in use in some remote places today.

The ancient city was formed in the late Southern Song Dynasty and has a history of more than 800 years. It covers an area of ??3.8 square kilometers and has a permanent population of about 30,000. It became a national historical and cultural city in 1986 and was included in the World Heritage List in 1997. As a cultural heritage, the ancient city of Lijiang not only has the same characteristics of "small bridges and flowing water and people's homes" as the ancient city of Suzhou, but it is also unique in terms of site selection, street and house layout, and Naxi folk houses. 3. The history of Lijiang Ancient Town

The construction of Lijiang Ancient Town was presided over by the ancestors of the Mu family in successive generations. Tracing the architectural history of "Lijiang people", we have developed from ancient cave dwellings, tree nest dwellings, and well-dry wooden corrugated houses to the ancient city residential model of "three squares and one screen wall", "four-in-five patios, and walking around attics" . The planar characteristics of the ancient city's folk houses are an inward-looking courtyard combination with the courtyard as the center. The shazi (outer corridor) is an important part of the Naxi folk houses.

In 1254 AD, the ancestors of the Mu family in Lijiang surrendered to Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, and established the Sanxiu Civilian Officer in the ancient city. In 1382 AD, the governor of Tong'an Prefecture, Ajia'ade, surrendered to the Ming Dynasty and established the Lijiang Military and Civilian Mansion. Ajia'a was given the surname Mu by Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and was granted the title of hereditary magistrate. The ancient city of Lijiang and the Lijiang Military and Civilian Mansion (Mujiayuan) were unique in their construction and magnificent. They were also symbols of the political, economic and power of the Mu family at that time. Xu Xiake, a famous traveler from the Ming Dynasty in China, once wrote in his travel notes about Lijiang that "the beauty of the palaces is as beautiful as that of a king" and "the residential complexes are composed of tiled roofs and wooden roofs." It is a true portrayal of the prosperous landscape of the ancient city of Lijiang. The Naxi nation is a nation that is good at absorbing and learning from foreign culture, because Lijiang is located at the port of the Southern Silk Road and the Ancient Tea Horse Road. It is the distribution center for Yunnan-Tibet trade. From 1253 AD, Kublai Khan's garrison in Lijiang brought in foreign culture. Later, it was influenced by Central Plains culture, such as Tibetan Buddhism and Taoism. Until the early 20th century, it was influenced by Christian culture, plus the ancient Dongba religion of the Naxi people. The Dongba Sutra, Dongba hieroglyphs, Dongba paintings, and the ancient music of the Naxi Dongba Sutra, known as the legacy of the Yuan people, etc. All these can be integrated and developed. These cultural influences add to the connotation of Lijiang Ancient City.

The beauty of the ancient city also lies in the nature and harmony of its geographical environment. 30 kilometers northwest of the ancient city are the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain and the remains of the Fourth Generation Glacier, which are 5,596 meters above sea level and have not yet been conquered by humans. Yuquan water has three main streams: west, middle and east. It flows into the ancient city and is divided into several branch canals, intertwining the water network with the road network paved with five-flowered stones. It is really wonderful that "poems are sung around the spring water in every house, and it is painted in every house". It has attracted admiration from many Chinese and foreign architects and is known as "Suzhou on the Plateau" and "Venice of the East". Countless tourists from home and abroad have been attracted by the ancient city and snow-capped mountains. They come here one after another and linger in the simple, natural, elegant and peaceful ancient city. 4. The historical evolution of Lijiang

The ancient city of Lijiang began to take shape during the Southern Song Dynasty and has a history of eight to nine hundred years.

Lijiang belonged to Shu County of Qin State during the Warring States Period.

Han belongs to Yuejun.

The Three Kingdoms belongs to Yunnan County.

In the Southern Dynasties, it was Suiduan County. Around this time, the ancestors of the Naxi people moved here.

In the Tang Dynasty, it was the seat of the governor of Yaozhou and later Tubo. The land of Nanzhao was called Sangchuan and belonged to Jianchuan Jiedu.

The Song Dynasty was the Shanju County of Dali and the city began to be built. Kublai Khan marched south to Dali, and after crossing the Jinsha River with leather bags, troops were stationed here for training. The ruins of "Aying" are still there, and the residents at that time were already there. There were more than a thousand households. In the 13th year of the Yuan Dynasty, it was changed to Lijiang Road. The name of Lijiang began here and it was named after being close to the Bay of Lijiang (the ancient name of Jinsha River).

In the late Ming Dynasty, it had already taken shape and became increasingly prosperous. The palaces built by the local Mu family chieftains were very gorgeous. Xu Xiake said in his travel notes that "the beauty of the palace is as good as that of a king" and that Lijiang Prefecture is "the most prosperous among all the counties." "History of Yunnan Chieftain Biography" states that "all the local officials in Yunnan knew poetry and books, loved etiquette and observed justice, headed by the Mu family of Lijiang." The name of Fucheng Dayan also began in the Ming Dynasty. Because it is located in the center of Bazi, Lijiang, surrounded by green mountains, and looks like a giant inkstone, it is named Dayan (Inkstone) Xiang.

In the Qing Dynasty, it was Lijiang Prefecture. In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), the land was changed to establish a stream, ending the hereditary rule of Mu clan chieftain since the Yuan Dynasty. In the thirty-fifth year of Qianlong's reign (1770), Lijiang County was established.

Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County was established in 1961 and belongs to the Lijiang region.

In December 1997, Lijiang Old Town was successfully declared a world cultural heritage, filling the gap that China has no famous historical and cultural city in the world cultural heritage.

Lijiang’s culture became a synthesis of Naxi culture and Han culture after the Qing Dynasty’s policy of returning natives to native places in 1723. Compared with the Naxi people in Zhongdian Baidi (the birthplace of the Naxi Dongba religion) on the west bank of the Jinsha River and the Mosuo people in the Lugu Lake area east of the Jinsha River, the Naxi community in the Lijiang Dam area is influenced and assimilated by the Han culture in the Central Plains. This assimilation process has The Lijiang earthquake in 1996 and the subsequent development of tourism gradually accelerated.

In April 2003, Lijiang was evacuated and established as a city. The original Lijiang area was renamed Lijiang City, and the original Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County was divided into Gucheng District and Yulong Naxi Autonomous County. 5. About the history or legend of Lijiang Old Town

Lijiang Old Town Lijiang Old Town, also known as Dayan Town, is located in the middle of Lijiang Dam, bordered by Xiangshan Mountain, Jinhong Mountain, and Lion Mountain in the west, and faces tens of miles of mountains in the southeast. Good fields and vast fields. Lijiang is one of the second batch of approved historical and cultural cities in China, and is also one of the ancient cities that China successfully applied to the United Nations for world cultural heritage.

Heritage type: Cultural heritage

Heritage selection criteria: Lijiang Old Town was included in the World Heritage List in December 1997 based on cultural heritage selection.

Approval time: December 1997

Evaluation by the World Heritage Committee: The ancient city of Lijiang in Yunnan Province skillfully integrates economic and strategic importance with rugged terrain, truly and perfectly Preserve and reproduce the ancient style. The architecture of the ancient city has been baptized by countless dynasties and has gone through vicissitudes of life. It is famous for its integration of the cultural characteristics of various ethnic groups. Lijiang also has an ancient water supply system, which is criss-crossed, exquisite and unique, and is still functioning effectively today. At the 21st plenary session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee held in Naples, Italy on December 4, 1997, it was included in the World Heritage List in accordance with the cultural heritage selection criteria C(II)(IV)

Number: 200-017

Lijiang Old Town is located in Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, southwest China. Lijiang Old Town, also known as Dayan Town, is located in the middle of Lijiang Dam. It is also among the second batch of national historical and cultural cities. Langzhong in Sichuan, Pingyao in Shanxi, and Shexian in Anhui are collectively known as the "four best-preserved ancient cities." It is one of the two ancient cities without city walls among the famous historical and cultural cities in China. (The other is She County) It is said that because the hereditary ruler of Lijiang has the surname Mu, the city must be built like the word "wood" framed with the word "trap". The Naxi name of Lijiang Ancient Town is "Gongbenzhi", "Gongben" means Canglin, and "Zhi" means market. It can be seen that Lijiang Ancient City was once a gathering place for Canglin. The ancient city of Lijiang was built at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty (late 13th century AD). The ancient city is located on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with an altitude of more than 2,400 meters and an area of ??3.8 square kilometers. It has been a famous market and important town since ancient times. The ancient city currently has more than 6,200 households and more than 25,000 people. Among them, the Naxi people account for the vast majority of the total population, and 30% of the residents are still engaged in traditional handicrafts and commercial activities focusing on copper and silverware making, fur and leather, textiles, and brewing. Dayan Ancient City is an ancient city without city walls, with smooth and clean bluestone roads, completely hand-built houses with civil structures, and small bridges and flowing water everywhere. Dayan Ancient City is a small town with a strong humanistic atmosphere. Under the bright sunshine, there will always be slow-walking elderly Naxi people walking leisurely. They are dressed in indigo clothes full of history and wear red army-era turbans on their heads. The octagonal hat turned a blind eye to the curious eyes in front of and behind him. The streets in Lijiang Old Town are built close to mountains and rivers, and are mostly paved with red breccia. They will not be muddy in the rainy season or fly ash in the dry season. The patterns on the stones are natural and elegant, in line with the entire ancient city environment

Lijiang Ancient Town complements each other. Sifang Street, located in the center of the ancient city, is the center of the ancient city of Lijiang. The large waterwheel located at the junction of the ancient city and the new city is the symbol of the ancient city of Lijiang. There is a large screen next to the large waterwheel in the ancient city. The songs played every day are the most popular and most popular songs in the ancient city. There are distinctive songs, among which "Naxi Pure Land" is one of the more famous songs. There are 354 bridges built on the Yuhe River system in Lijiang Ancient Town, with an average density of 93 bridges per square kilometer. Bridges come in various shapes, the more famous ones include Suocui Bridge, Dashi Bridge, Wanqian Bridge, Nanmen Bridge, Ma'an Bridge, and Renshou Bridge, all of which were built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties (14th to 19th centuries AD).

Among them, the big stone bridge located 100 meters east of Sifang Street is the most distinctive.

Mufu in the ancient city was originally the government office of the hereditary chieftain Mu family of Lijiang. It was built in the Yuan Dynasty (1271~1368 AD) and was rebuilt in 1998 and turned into the Ancient City Museum. Mu Mansion covers an area of ??46 acres and has 162 large and small rooms. There are also eleven plaques awarded by emperors of the past dynasties hanging inside, which bear witness to the rise and fall of the Mu family.

The Wufeng Tower located in Fuguo Temple in the city was built in the 29th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1601). The building is 20 meters high. Because its architectural shape resembles five flying colorful phoenixes, it is named "Five Phoenix Tower". Wufeng Tower combines the architectural artistic styles of Han, Tibetan, Naxi and other ethnic groups and is a rare treasure and typical example of ancient Chinese architecture.

The Baisha residential complex is located 8 kilometers north of the ancient city of Lijiang. It was the political, economic and cultural center of Lijiang during the Song and Yuan Dynasties (10th to 14th centuries AD). The Baisha residential building complex is distributed on a main axis running from north to south, with a trapezoidal square in the center. A spring is introduced into the square from the north, and four lanes lead from the square to all directions, which is very distinctive. The formation and development of the Baisha residential complex laid the foundation for the subsequent layout of Lijiang Ancient City.

The Shuhe Residential Building Complex is located 4 kilometers northwest of Lijiang Old Town. It is a small market around Lijiang Old Town. The residential buildings in the complex are scattered in a well-proportioned manner, and the layout is similar to Sifang Street in Lijiang Old Town. The Qinglong River passes through the center of the building complex, and the Qinglong Bridge built in the Ming Dynasty (1368~1644 AD) spans it. The Qinglong Bridge is the largest and oldest stone arch bridge in Lijiang.

Lijiang Old Town has a long history, simplicity and nature. The urban layout is well-proportioned, with both the style of a mountain city and the charm of a water town. Lijiang folk houses not only integrate the essence of Han, Bai, Yi and Tibetan ethnic groups, but also have the unique style of the Naxi people. They are a rare and important heritage for studying the history of Chinese architecture and culture. The ancient city of Lijiang contains rich traditional ethnic culture, embodies the prosperity and development of the Naxi nation, and is an important historical material for studying the development of human culture. 6. The historical origin of Tiger Leaping Gorge in Lijiang

Legend 1

It is said that at that time, the ruler of Lijiang, Mr. Mu, was very wealthy and had many talented people around him. One of them can tell fortunes. One day, I did some calculations for Master Mu. It was said that Master Mu was rich and wealthy when he was alive, but after his death there was no coffin available. Master Mu was shocked. From then on, he placed a coffin every ten miles wherever he passed to fight against fate. One day, the weather was excellent, and Mr. Mu was in a good mood. He rode his horse, a tiger, and walked along the Jinsha River. The river is surging and the river bank is picturesque. When the man and the tiger reached a relatively narrow area, the tiger jumped up to a big rock in the middle of the river. The tiger landed, but the man never landed at the same time as the tiger. Instead, he had already fallen into the rolling river. Time has long passed, and Mr. Mu and his tiger have long disappeared, but they have left behind imaginative names such as Tiger Leaping Gorge and Tiger Leaping Stone for future generations.

Legend 2

The Jinsha River, Nu River, Lancang River, Yulong Mountain and Haba Mountain were originally five brothers and sisters. When the three sisters grew up, they met to go out to choose a son-in-law. Their parents were anxious and angry, and asked Yulong and Haba to chase them. Jade Dragon carried thirteen swords, and Haba carried twelve bows. They took a small road to Lijiang, where they sat face to face and took turns waiting. They agreed that whoever spared the three sisters would be beheaded. When it was Haba's turn to guard, Jade Dragon had just fallen asleep when Jinsha Girl came. The way is blocked by two brothers, what should I do? The clever Jinsha girl remembered that Haba had a habit of dozing off, so she sang eighteen songs in a row while walking. As expected, Haba was fascinated by the melodious singing and gradually fell asleep. Miss Jinsha saw this opportunity and finally rushed past the two brothers' feet, laughing loudly and running away. When Yulong woke up and saw this scene, he was angry and sad. He was angry that the Jinsha girl had gone away, and he was sad that the Haba brothers were about to be beheaded. He could not violate the agreement, so he drew his long sword and chopped off Haba's head. Then he turned his back and cried bitterly. The two tears turned into white water and black water, and Haba's twelve bows turned into the twenty-four bends on the west bank of Tiger Leaping Gorge. , Haba's head fell into the river and turned into a tiger leaping stone.

7. Who has historical knowledge about Lijiang

Basic information (1) National People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China and the country (2) Provinces and regions Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County, Lijiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province (3) Heritage name Lijiang Ancient Town (Including Dayan Ancient City, Baisha Residential Building Group, and Shuhe Residential Building Group)

(4) The exact location and geographical location marks on the map Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, with the geographical coordinates of . Longitude 99°23' to 100°32', latitude 26.34 to 27°26.

Lijiang Old Town is located in the central part of Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County. Its geographical coordinates are longitude 100°14' and latitude 27°26. 26°52'. (5) Management Departments Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China and Cultural Heritage Administration of the People's Republic of China Yunnan Province Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection Bureau Yunnan Province Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County Culture Bureau Overview of Lijiang Naxi The ethnic autonomous county is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, China. Its geographical coordinates are 26°34' to 27°26' north latitude and 99° 23' to 100° 32' east longitude. It covers an area of ??7,648 square kilometers and has a population of 329,000.

More than ten ethnic groups, including Naxi, Lili, Pumi, Han, Bai, Yi and Tibetan, live here. Among them, there are 184,000 Naxi people, accounting for 57% of the total population.

Located in the transition zone from the Hengduan Mountains at the southern end of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the northern Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Lijiang's climate is influenced by the winds of the South Asian Plateau, with distinct dry and wet seasons and little temperature change. The surrounding scenery is beautiful and the natural environment of Lijiang extends from the northwest. It slopes to the southeast and descends in steps.

The highest altitude is 3396 meters on the main peak of Yulong Mountain, and the lowest altitude is 1219 meters in the Jinsha River Valley. The height difference is as early as 100,000 years ago. Before that, Homo sapiens "Lijiang Man" from the late Paleolithic period had been active here.

The discovery of cave paintings in the Jinsha River Valley and numerous artifacts of Neolithic, bronze and iron tools prove that Lijiang is an ancient city in southwest China. One of the important areas for human activities, according to historical records, during the Warring States Period (475 BC - 221 BC), Lijiang belonged to the Shu County of the Qin State, and Suijiu County was established in the Yuhan Dynasty. .

In the eighth year of the Yuan Dynasty (AD 1271), Lijiang Xuanwei Division was established, which was first called Lijiang. In 1723 AD), Lijiang Prefecture was established; during the Republic of China (1911-1949 AD), Lijiang County was established; in July 1949, the Lijiang County People's Government was established, and in April 1961, it was changed to Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County.

Lijiang Ancient City is located on a plateau at an altitude of 2,400 meters under Yulong Mountain. It was built in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty (from the end of the 12th century to the middle of the 13th century), with a total area of ??3.8 square kilometers. The old chieftain's office was located in the south of the city, and was built around it. The palace garden.

On a main east-west axis, there are buildings such as the stone archway, Danchi, main hall, side hall, Guangbi Tower, and Yuyin Tower. Xu Xiake, a great traveler in the Ming Dynasty, once marveled: "The beauty of the palace is as beautiful as that of a king."

The north of the city is the commercial district, with Sifang Street as the center. Four main roads extend in a meridian shape, and commercial shops are set up on the streets. The east of the city is where the old government offices were located, and there are existing Wenmingfang, Confucian Temple and Wu Temple.

"The city depends on the water, and the water follows the city" is a major feature of Lijiang Dayan Ancient City. The Black Dragon Pool located in the north of the city is the main water source of the ancient city.

The pond meanders down from north to south until it reaches the Shuangshi Bridge and is divided into three streams: Shu, Middle and West. Each tributary is further divided into countless small streams, which enter the wall, scratch the door, and walk through the field. The garden forms a scene where the main street is adjacent to the river, the alleys are adjacent to the water, and buildings are built across the water. On the water network, there are as many as 354 stone and wooden bridges of different shapes, making Dayan Ancient City the highest bridge density in China.

Lijiang’s folk houses are full of ethnic characteristics. The layout includes three squares and one screen wall, four-in-five patios, front and back yards, and multiple courtyards. The houses are built according to the height of the terrain. Most of them are two-story, but there are also three-story. They are practical and beautiful.

As the main residents of the ancient city, the Naxi people have a long and rich traditional culture. The famous Dongba culture, Naxi ancient music, Baisha murals, etc. are important connotations of it.

As a famous historical and cultural city in China, Lijiang Dayan Ancient City embodies the unique living environment, local history and culture, and ethnic customs of the Naxi people.

The cultural connotation that Fu Da has carefully explored provides valuable information for studying the history of urban architecture and the history of national development. It is a precious cultural heritage not only for China, but also for all mankind.

Characteristics (1) Dayan Ancient City in Lijiang 1. Historical evolution (1) Major events in the development of the ancient city In the late Southern Song Dynasty, the Mu family in Lijiang moved its center of rule from Baisha to the foot of Lion Mountain and began to build a city of houses, which was called "Dayechang"; In the first year of Nanwei Zuiyou (AD 1253), the Mu family first supported Azong Aliang and joined Kublai Khan in the Yuan Dynasty. In the second year of Shiyou (AD 1254), Santan was established to manage the people in Dayechang, and its organizational structure was subordinate to the Chahanzhang to control the people; The official name was changed to Lijiang Road Military and Civilian General Administration Office; in the 14th year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 1277), the official name of Sanba Civil Affairs Bureau was changed to Tong'an Prefecture, and the state government was in today's Dayan Ancient City; in the fifteenth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (AD 1382), Ajia'ade, the magistrate of Tong'an Prefecture, surrendered to the Ming Dynasty and established the Lijiang Military and Civilian Mansion. Ajia'ade was given the surname Mujing by Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and was made a hereditary magistrate; in the 16th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1383 AD), Mude was built at the foot of Lion Mountain. "Lijiang Military and Civilian Office"; In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1660 AD), Lijiang Military and Civilian Office was established, with the Mu family still serving as the hereditary magistrate; "Liu", instead the imperial court appointed exiled officials as magistrates, and the Jiangmu family was appointed as the local magistrate; in the second year of Yongzheng (1724 AD), after the first Lijiang Liuguan magistrate Yang Bi took office, a new building was built at the foot of Jinhong Mountain in the northeast of the ancient city. The governor's office, barracks, teaching office, training office, etc. were transferred to the government, and city walls were built around these government buildings; in the 35th year of Qianlong's reign (1770 AD), Lijiang County was added to the Lijiang Military and Civilian Office, and the county government office was built next to the South Gate Bridge of the ancient city. ; In the second year of the Republic of China (1912 AD), Lijiang abolished the government and left the county, and the county government office moved into the former Lijiang government office; In the 30th year of the Republic of China (1941 AD), the Seventh Administrative Office of Yunnan Province and Lijiang County Government were established in Lijiang *; In 1949, the Lijiang Commissioner's Office and the Lijiang County People's *** were established. In 1961, Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County was established.

(2) City builders: At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the Mu family built "Dayechang" under the leadership of Zong Aliang; in the Ming Dynasty, the construction of the ancient city of Lijiang was mainly carried out by the prefects of the Mu family. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (AD 1672), the prefect Mu Zeng granted approval for the construction to the emperor She. 8. History of Haifeng County

Haifeng area has a long history.

According to research on cultural relics unearthed along the southeastern coast, ancestors fished, hunted, planted and lived and multiplied here during the Neolithic Age 6,000 years ago. "Yu Gong" has the theory of Kyushu. At that time, Haifeng belonged to the southern border of Yangzhou among the Kyushu; "Zhou Li·Xia Guan·Zhi Fang" called it the land of vassal service; in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it belonged to South Vietnam; in the Warring States Period, it was called Baiyue when it entered Chu.

In the 33rd year of Qin Shihuang (214 BC), he unified Lingnan and established three counties in Lingnan: Nanhai County (the seat of governance is now Guangzhou), Guilin County (the seat of governance is today's Guiping County, Guangxi), and Xiang County (the seat of governance is now Guiping County, Guangxi). The administrative seat is now Pingxiang City, Guangxi). Nanhai County consists of four counties: Longchuan County, Fulo County, Panyu County, and Sihui County. Jieyang garrison (in today's Fengshun) was also established in the east of Longchuan County to implement the policy of "harmony between Han and Yue".

The entire territory of Haifeng belongs to Fu Luo County, Nanhai County. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, the princes rebelled against the Qin one after another. In 204 BC, Zhao Tuo, the newly appointed captain of the Nanhai County, separated the three counties of Lingnan in order to prevent the unrest in the north from spreading to Lingnan. He established himself as king and named his country Nanyue.

After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, in the twelfth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (195 BC), in order to strengthen the jurisdiction over the Nanyue Kingdom, the Central Government of the Western Han Dynasty named the weaver the Marquis of Nanwu and established the Nanyue Kingdom. The name of the small vassal state is Nanhai, and its border is in the east of Qinlongchuan County, which is equivalent to the jurisdiction of Jieyang garrison. However, the Nanhai Kingdom was recovered by the Nanyue Kingdom because it united with Fujian and Yue to fight against the Western Han Dynasty. Due to the victory, the Nanyue Kingdom named the capital "Nanwu City" after Nan Wuhou, which is now Guangzhou.

When Haifeng County was established, Shi Cun Er said. One talks about the Han Dynasty, the other talks about the Xianhe Sixth Year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and analyzes the Boluo Dynasty.

According to Du You's "Tongdian" in the Tang Dynasty and "Taiping Huanyu Ji" in the Song Dynasty, Haifeng is recorded as "the old county of Han Dynasty"①. In the sixth year of Emperor Cheng of the Jin Dynasty, the east of the South China Sea was designated as Dongguan County, and Haifeng County was changed to Dongguan County.

In the sixth year of Yuanding in the Western Han Dynasty (111 BC), King Ying of Minyue of the Han Dynasty sent troops to attack South Vietnam, and South Vietnam requested annexation. After the pacification of South Vietnam, Jiaozhou was established as one of the Thirteen Prefectures of the Han Dynasty, and two more counties were added: Jieyang County (today's Meirong area of ??Chaoshan) and Zhongsu County (today's Qingyuan area).

In the Han Dynasty, the entire territory of Haifeng belonged to Fu Luo County, Nanhai County, Jiaozhou. In the first year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (326), Dongguan County was established in the eastern part of Nanhai County.

In the sixth year of Xianhe (331), Bao'an County, Haifeng County, and Anhuai County (today's Dongguan City) were separated from Boluo County; in the same year, the original Jieyang County was split into Haiyang County, Chaoyang County, Sui'an County (now Yunxiao County, Fujian Province), Haining County and other four counties. Haifeng County, under the jurisdiction of Dongguan County, covers the entire territory of Haifeng and parts of Huilai, Puning, and Jiexi.

In the eleventh year of Emperor Wen's reign (591) of the Sui Dynasty, Lianghua County, Dongguan County and part of Nanhai County were merged into Xunzhou (the county governs today's Huizhou), and Haifeng was changed to Xunzhou. In the third year of Emperor Yang's Daye of the Sui Dynasty (607), the prefecture was changed to a county, Xunzhou was changed to Longchuan County, and Haifeng belonged to Longchuan County.

In the fifth year of Wude (622), Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, Longchuan County was restored to Xunzhou, and Anlu County (today's Lufeng County) was placed in the eastern part of Haifeng. In the first year of Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong (627), Anlu County returned to Haifeng County and became part of Xunzhou, Lingnan Road.

In the first year of Tianshou (690), Wu Zetian changed Xun Prefecture into Leixiang Prefecture. In the first year of Xuanzong Tianbao's reign (742), Leixiang Prefecture was renamed Haifeng County (the county was governed by Guishan).

In the first year of Qianyuan year of Suzong (758), it was renamed Xunzhou and belonged to Xunzhou. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the Lingnan area was under the jurisdiction of the Southern Han Dynasty.

In the first year of Dabao (958), Xunzhou was renamed Zhenzhou and belonged to Zhenzhou. In the fifth year of Tianxi reign of Emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty (1021), Zhenzhou was renamed Huizhou to avoid the taboo of the prince's visit to Zhen. Haifeng County belonged to Huizhou on Guangnan East Road.

Haifeng County in the Yuan Dynasty belonged to Huizhou Road, Guangdong Road, Zhongshu Province, Jiangxi Province. In the Ming Dynasty, Haifeng belonged to Huizhou Prefecture, the Chief Secretary of Guangdong.

In the third year of Jiajing (1524), Haifeng set aside Longxi Capital and merged it into Huilai County. In the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Huizhou Prefecture, Guangdong Province.

In the ninth year of Yongzheng (1731), Haifeng designated Shifan, Jikang, and Fangkuo as the three capitals of Lufeng County. Haifeng has the four capitals of Xingxian, Shitang, Yang'an and Jinxi.

According to the old records: it is only 270 miles long and horizontally, that is, 40 miles east to Baisha, 50 miles northeast to Bogong'ao, 70 miles southeast to Dade Port, all connected with Lufeng; 130 miles west to Ebu water diversion Tang, 80 miles to the northwest to Chishi Da'andong, 90 miles to the southwest to Xiaomowangguanwei, 50 miles to the south to Shanwei Sea, and 40 miles to the north to Jaziling, all arriving at Guishan (now Huiyang). In the 2nd year of the Republic of China (1913), it belonged to Guangdong Chaoxingdao; in the 9th year of the Republic of China, it was withdrawn from Chaoxingxun Road and was changed to the Office of the Dongjiang Pacification Committee; in the 19th year of the Republic of China, it belonged to the Office of the Administrative Inspection Commissioner of the Tenth District (including 6 counties), and later it was changed to the Fourth District The Office of the Administrative Inspectorate (including ① Du You's "Tongdian" and [Song Dynasty] Yue Shi's "Taiping Huanyu Ji" are both earlier literature classics.

"Haifeng County Chronicles" of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty is based on "Haifeng County Chronicles" "Tongdian" holds the Han Dynasty Jianyi theory, including Haifeng, Huiyang, Boluo, Lufeng, Heyuan, Zijin, Xinfeng and Longmen counties).

After the founding of New China, it belonged to Dongjiang Prefecture from October 1949 to January 1952, to the eastern Guangdong region from January 1952 to February 1956, and to Huiyang from March 1956 to March 1959. The district belonged to Shantou District from March 1959 to August 1983, and to Huiyang District from September 1983 to February 1988. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the county-region constitution was abolished and the township system was implemented.

In the spring of 1952, Xiaomo and Yuanao townships, which were originally part of Huiyang County, were classified as Haifeng County. In 1958, Gaotan District, formerly Huiyang County, was classified as Haifeng County. In July 1962, Gaotan District returned to Huiyang County (today's Huidong County).

In January 1988, with the approval of the State Council, prefecture-level Shanwei City was established in the administrative areas of the original Haifeng and Lufeng counties, and Shanwei, Hongcao, Magong, and Dongchong along the southern coast of Haifeng County were analyzed. 7 towns, including Hetian, Hekou, Xintian, Luoxi, Shuichuan, Shanghu, Nanwan and Dongkeng, were established in the northern mountainous area of ??Lufeng County. Luhe County was established. . Shanwei City governs the urban area, Haifeng County, Lufeng County, and Luhe County.

At the end of 1992, Tianqian Town and Zhelang Town were established in the urban area of ??the city, and the new Red Bay Economic Development Experimental Zone was built. In 1995, the overseas Chinese farm formerly under the jurisdiction of Lufeng was established as an overseas Chinese management area.

The above two districts belong to the municipal *** dispatch agencies.

In 1995, with the approval of the State Council, Lufeng was removed from the county and established as a city (county-level city), under the direct jurisdiction of the Provincial Government, and entrusted to the Shanwei Municipal People's Government to manage it.

On May 21, 2011, the Shenzhen-Shantou Special Cooperation Zone licensing ceremony was held in Guangzhou. Haifeng County has designated the four towns of Pimen, Chishi, Ebu and Xiaomo with a total area of ??463 square kilometers and a planned control area of ??about 200 square kilometers as the "Shenzhen Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone".

At the end of 2013, Shanwei City, Red Bay Economic Development Zone, Meilong Farm, and Qianmen Town were combined to form Shanwei Red Bay New Area.