What are the main cultural characteristics of Sichuan?

What are the main cultural characteristics of Sichuan?

What are the main cultural characteristics of Sichuan? Sichuan is a very beautiful place. Sichuan is a city known as the "Land of Abundance". It has a very long history, so it has accumulated a lot of traditional culture. Let's take a look at the main cultural characteristics of Sichuan. What are the main cultural characteristics of Sichuan 1

Sichuan is a multi-ethnic settlement, with 55 ethnic minorities and 4.908 million people. The Yi, Tibetan, Qiang, Miao, Hui, Mongolian, Tujia, Lisu, Manchu, Naxi, Buyi, Bai, Zhuang and Dai ethnic groups have been living in the province for generations. Sichuan is the only Qiang inhabited area in the country, the largest Yi inhabited area and the second largest Tibetan area in the country.

Ethnic minorities mainly live in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Muli Tibetan Autonomous County, Mabian Yi Autonomous County, Ebian Yi Autonomous County, and Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County. It is known as "China's second Tibetan area", "China's only Qiang gathering area", and "China's first Yi gathering area".

The Yi people are the largest ethnic minority in Sichuan and mainly live in the Liangshan and Anning River basins. The Yi people have their own language and calendar. The 24th day of the sixth lunar month is the most grand festival of the Yi people - the Torch Festival. 95% of the Tibetan population speaks Tibetan and Jiarong languages, and about 40% of them are proficient in Chinese. 95% of the Yi population speak Yi language, and about 60% of them are fluent in Chinese.

70% of the Qiang population speaks Qiang language, and 70% of them are proficient in Chinese. Among the ethnic minorities who have lived for generations, all except the Hui use their own language. More than 85% of Luodai Ancient Town are descendants of the Hakkas from Guangdong, Jiangxi, and Fujian who came from the "Huguang filled Sichuan" immigration wave in the early Qing Dynasty. They still fully follow the Hakka customs and are known as the "living fossils of ancient Chinese". Hakka dialect.

Sichuan is a major Hakka province in the west. Since the "Huguang filled Sichuan" immigration movement in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, it has gradually formed the largest Hakka dialect island in Dongshan, Chengdu, with Longquanyi District as the core in the west. The total Hakka population reaches 50 10,000, and the Hakka language and life culture have been better preserved. Across Sichuan, there are currently about 700,000 people who can speak Hakka.

Language and culture:

Sichuan dialect is the main Chinese language popular in Sichuan Province, Chongqing City (Bashu region) and surrounding provinces and adjacent areas, including Southwest Chinese Mandarin which originated from ancient Shu language. Sichuan dialect has approximately 120 million speakers. The current Sichuan dialect was formed during the great immigration movement of "Huguang filled Sichuan" during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty.

It was formed by the gradual evolution and fusion of the Shu language that was popular in Sichuan before the Ming Dynasty and the dialects of immigrants from Huguang, Guangdong, Jiangxi and other places. Chengyu dialect (Chengyu film) is the standard pronunciation of Sichuan opera and various folk arts. At the same time, due to the high degree of internal interoperability of Sichuan dialect, there is no obstacle to communication between different dialects. What are the main cultural characteristics of Sichuan 2

Tea culture

If you don’t drink tea in Sichuan, you will not feel the slow life here. Sichuan people especially love to drink tea and go to teahouses. They can order a cup of tea and take a nap, read a book, or get together to fight the landlord... This is our "Baba Tea Culture".

Sichuan people love to drink tea. They drink tea bowls in parks, stay in hotels, and make kung fu tea in the room. Where else can people love tea more than Sichuan people?

Hot pot culture

Spicy hot pot originated in Chongqing. Hot pot is a common meal for Sichuan people, and it is also a must-eat food for outsiders coming to Sichuan. It’s not spicy without spicy food, and it’s not Sichuan without hot pot.

Panda Culture

China’s national treasure, the giant panda, is one of the symbols of Sichuan. It has big dark circles under its eyes, a chubby body, and its iconic pigeon-toed walking style. Pandas are one of the cutest animals in the world and are loved by countries all over the world.

Mahjong Culture

Sichuan people love Mahjong first in the country! For Sichuan people, the happiest thing in life is to play mahjong all afternoon without being disturbed by the world. Play three consecutive bars and finally get a "flower on the bar". In just two or three hours, Baotou has pocketed five or six hundred.

Whether they are professional players or amateurs, Sichuan people are as passionate about mahjong as Germans are about beer and British people are about football. Even if they don't eat or drink, Sichuan people can still fight all night long.

Talent show culture

Li Yuchun, Zhang Liangying, Yu Kewei, Tan Weiwei, Jiang Yingrong, Zhang Jie, Li Yifeng, Jike Junyi... Our Sichuan artists are showcased in the world Inspired by the beauty and bravery of Sichuan people, Sichuan people can sing whenever they want, and sing loudly!

Taoist Culture

Taoist religion was founded in Heming Mountain in Chengdu, Sichuan. Taoist culture is an important part of traditional Chinese culture and is known as a treasure of oriental culture.

Wine culture

There are many famous wines in Sichuan, including Wuliangye, Luzhou Laojiao... Shuijingfang, the oldest wine making workshop in the world, is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records. Shuijingfang is the site of an old Sichuan wine burning factory in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. As the source of Chinese liquor, its historical value is comparable to that of the "Terracotta Warriors of Qin Shihuang". The winery and craftsmanship have coexisted for hundreds of years. It is a living cultural relic and is known as "a wordless history book of Chinese liquor".

Culture of the Three Kingdoms

Let’s talk about what kind of culture in China spreads all over the world and makes foreigners talk about it. The culture of the Three Kingdoms is inevitable. Not only at home, but also abroad, it is one of the cultures that is sought after by many fans. The images of Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

Jianmen Pass, Wuhou Temple, Zhangfei Temple, Shumen Plank Road... The culture of the Three Kingdoms allows people to understand China and Sichuan.

Shu Embroidery Culture

Shu Embroidery, also known as "Sichuan Embroidery", is a national intangible cultural heritage. It is as famous as Su embroidery, Hunan embroidery and Guangdong embroidery, and is one of the four famous embroideries in China. "It rains heavily in Furong City in March, and embroidery needles are in April; feather fans point to thousands of military formations in the distance, and brocade is cut a few inches..." During the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Sheep, Li Yuchun, ambassador for the cultural communication of Shu Embroidery, composed a beautiful "Shu Embroidery" that still lingers.

Sichuan Opera Culture

Sichuan Opera is a major feature of Sichuan culture. As early as the Tang Dynasty, there was a saying that "Sichuan Opera is the best in the world". The most famous feature of Sichuan Opera is "Face Changing". The face changing stunt originated from the traditional opera "Gui Zheng Lou". It shows the righteous thief Bei Rong robbing the rich and helping the poor. He was hunted by officers and soldiers and cleverly escaped by changing his face. At first, actors used paper masks to cover their faces. Later, they used straw paper to draw facial masks, which were pasted on their faces in sequence. They were then covered with fireworks or folding fans and peeled off layer by layer.

"Face Changing" is famous at home and abroad. Andy Lau even made a special trip to Sichuan to learn the art of face changing. What are the main cultural characteristics of Sichuan? 3

Face Changing in Sichuan Opera

Sichuan Mou Qingyun, the master of performing panache and meat lotus, Lu Guohua, the master of Sichuan photogrammetry performance, and Liu Tao, the only successor of flying knife and flower drum

Sichuan Opera is also known as Sichuan Opera. A representative type of opera in Sichuan. It is spread in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hubei, Taiwan and other provinces. It is divided into four "river channels" (regional schools): Shangba, Ziyang River, Sichuan North River and Lower Sichuan East. Chengdu is the center of Shangba Sect. Sichuan Opera has a long history. During the reigns of Yongzheng and Qianjiang in the Qing Dynasty, "Huabu" opera flourished. Following the introduction of Liuzi Opera and Pihuang Opera to Sichuan, they gradually merged with Sichuan dialect, local folk customs, local folk tunes and Yangge, and evolved into Kun Opera and Gao Opera of Sichuan Opera. , huqin, tanxi and lantern opera

formed Sichuan local operas with a unified style. In the early years of the Republic of China, the Sanqing Hui Drama Club brought together five operas in one troupe, formally forming a five-acoustic performance format. Sichuan Opera has thousands of repertoires and is especially famous for comedies. Traditional performance procedures form a system of their own and are often used as references for other opera genres. There are also various stunt performances such as face-changing, hiding knives, and kicking the eye. After 1949, the art of Sichuan Opera developed further. It organized many troupes to perform across the country and in several countries in Europe and Asia. It was praised by the audience and was known as the "Flower of Tianfu".

Famous actors Jinghua, Yang Shuying, Xiaofei, Xiao Ting, Lan Guanglin, Liu Yun, Chen Qiaoru, etc., and famous drummer Wang Guanfu, etc., all enjoy high reputation among the audience. ?

Puppet show

Puppet show Chengdu puppets were formed in the Tang Dynasty and have spread throughout urban and rural areas since then. The puppets at that time were called Jingpuppets, which were about 0.3 meters long, short, lean, and easy to operate. The plays performed such as "Yinfeng Tower", "Jinshan Temple", "Qunxianhui", etc. are all traditional Sichuan Opera plays. The classes include the Xiangrui Class, the Ruile Class, the Zijun Class, the Ronghua Class, etc., and they often perform at various divine gatherings, temple fairs, teahouses, courtyards and other places. Puppetry gradually declined in the 1930s.

After 1949, puppetry gained attention and a professional shadow puppet theater was established. At present, Chengdu puppets include large, medium and small stick puppets, bag puppets and palm puppets.

The puppets are exquisitely made and beautiful in shape, and have been shaped using chemical raw materials and paper shapes. The puppet's sticks are outside the clothes and are called "outer sticks". Its representative repertoires include the traditional plays "Good in the World", "Little Cowherd", "Agarwood Saves the Mother",

"Sun Wukong's Three Tunes on the Banana Fan", modern plays include "My Husband Grows Red Sweet Potatoes", "The Naughty Little White Rabbit", "Liu Wenxu", "Lei Feng Joins the Army", etc. Chengdu puppets have been invited to visit and perform in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, Thailand, Japan and other countries, and have been well received and welcomed. ?

Comedy

A type of "humorous drama" pioneered by comedy artist Wang Yongsuo. One person performs alone, without paying attention to costumes and scenes, and the props are extremely simple. The actor is the only protagonist in the play, that is, the first kind of person in the play - a visible person; through the support of stage props and language, expressions, and movements, performances are performed in different ways. The second type of person in the play is shown to the audience from the side - the invisible but seemingly visible person. This is a unique performance technique of comedy.

As early as 1939 during the Anti-Japanese War, the founder Wang Yongsuo created more than 20 comedy programs such as "Pickpocket", "Catching a Bus", and "Inspector Huang", and adapted them after 1949 Influential works such as "On the Train", "Marriage", "Twelve O'clock", "Brother Su", "100%" and so on. Sichuan People's Publishing House published "Selected Comedies of Wang Yongsuo" in 1985. 19. In 1989, Sichuan Province held a comedy competition, and comedies in dialects from all provinces and regions performed on the stage.