What level did the ancient emperors eat today?

Han Dynasty

The diet is mainly pasta and food. Of course, non-staple food is not as rich as it is today, but we also know that people in the Mencius period can already eat bear's paw ... Bear's paw is no better than ordinary meat, and it needs careful stewing before eating. According to the practice circulating on the Internet, the bear's paw should be sealed for two years, and then slowly stewed with honey for one day, which is naturally soft and mellow.

It is troublesome to concentrate on the cooking method of bear's paw. ...

Jin Linggong is not a gentleman, with a carved wall; Play the people on the stage and watch them take medicine; If the butcher is unfamiliar with the bear, kill it, put it in the kitchen and let the woman carry it to North Korea.

Zuo zhuan

This passage in Zuo Zhuan shows that it is of great historical significance for a king to eat bear's paw. Even in Taiping Yu Lan, it is mentioned that Shang Wang began to eat bear's paw, and it is mentioned that bear's paw was convicted before it was cooked. It can be seen that no matter which dynasty or generation of emperors, their diet is extremely particular, which should be beyond the reach of ordinary restaurants today.

Nevertheless, bears are also protected animals, please refuse bear's paw = =

Mei Cheng of the Western Han Dynasty and his work "Seven Hairs" are both very famous, claiming to have created a new style of writing, in which the paragraph in which Wu Ke tells the prince about food is very touching.

The guest said, "The cows are delicious, and the dishes are bamboo shoots and cattails. The sum of fat dogs, take mountain skin. Chu Miao's delicious food, Juan's embarrassment, I couldn't understand it, and it was scattered in one bite. So Yi Yin suffered, and Yiya reconciled. Bear skin fertilizer, peony sauce. Braised in thin sauce, silver carp in fresh sauce. Autumn and yellow are vegetarian, and dew is ru. Lan Ying's wine, wash your mouth. A meal on the ridge, a baby of a leopard. Small and big, like Tang Woxue. This is also the most beautiful in the world. Can the prince taste it? " The prince said, "Your servant is not ill."

Here also directly copy the vernacular translation of Baidu Encyclopedia:

Wu Ke said, "Cook the fat in the calf's belly and mix it with bamboo shoots and cattails. Mix it with the soup of Liu Li meat, and then smear it with tremella. Cook with rice from Chumiao Mountain, or cook with wild rice. This kind of rice will not scatter together, but it will melt in your mouth. So let Yiyin be responsible for cooking and Yiya adjust the taste. Cooked bear's paw and seasoned with peony sauce. Slice the meat on the animal's spine for barbecue, and cut the fresh carp into sashimi. Use perilla that turns yellow in autumn and vegetables soaked in autumn dew. Rinse your mouth with wine soaked in orchids. There are also foods made from pheasants and domestic leopard tires. Eating less and drinking more porridge is like pouring boiling water on snow. This is the most delicious food in the world. Can the prince get up and have a taste? " The prince said, "I am sick, so I can't taste it."

This passage is gorgeous and exaggerated, but judging from the author's description and imagination of the most beautiful treasures in the world, the non-staple food of that year was not necessarily so monotonous, and it is still possible to make patterns on less rich materials. The taste is probably more greasy than the dishes cooked today. In addition, the custom of eating perilla sashimi has continued to this day, and it is also a very old dish.

Putting sashimi on perilla leaves is a very popular way to put Japanese food on a plate.

In the same sentence, the emperor who has no potatoes, eggplant, green peppers and fresh potatoes to eat and no spirits to drink is also very boring. Fortunately, in the Han Dynasty, there was at least garlic, so it was always possible to make a bowl of stewed or fried liver.

Later, after the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, ethnic integration and cultural exchanges were greatly strengthened compared with the Han Dynasty, so various ingredients were introduced into the Central Plains, and the dining tables of the people in the Tang and Song Dynasties were greatly enriched, let alone the emperor.

Tang and song dynasties

I think it's a bit rogue to invite Webster to barbecue at this time, but as the most famous meal in the Tang Dynasty, its menu has always been a model of luxury feast for later generations-

Wei Juyuan bowed to the minister's order and finally cooked. There is also a food account in his old books, as well as a brief comment on today's wonderful selection: a single cage of golden souffle (a cake, but separated by a single cage). Mantuo bread (public hall stove). Great victory over slaves (crisp honey and cold utensils). Brahman's light and high face (cage steaming). Guifeihong (red crisp flavor). Seven stacks of paste (seven volumes are four flowers, lest they be cakes). Braised with golden bell (crispy, printed, authentic). The royal queen mother rice (covered with a wisp of fat), covered with rice (with a mixed taste on the surface). Tong Ruan Hua Niu Chang (sheep fetal paste). Braised shrimp in strong light (raw shrimp is acceptable). Raw twenty-four gas wonton (twenty-four flower-shaped fillings). Duck flower soup cake (cooked in soup in the kitchen) Concentric preserved fruit (knotted before air-drying). Look at Fengxiao (oil bath cake) honeysuckle (crab slices, fine rolling). The mouth of the flame (flowers above, body below). Cold toad soup (cold clam). Tang Anxuan (Hua Guan). Crystal dragon and phoenix cake (steamed jujube rice, flowers come in) Double-mixed square broken cake (cake corner). Yulu Formation (Carved Crisp). Han palace chess (money can be printed and boiled). Longevity porridge (feed). Smallpox (nine refined incense). Give it a fragrance (zongzi honey shower). Sweet snow (candied gourd noodles) is cold in all directions (with wooden mold). Cookie steaming department (steamed noodles like Penglai fairy, 70 words). White dragon (mandarin fish). Jin (hammer). Chicken fetus (miscellaneous fish white) sheepskin filaments (length and feet). Wandering sauce (fish and sheep) Milk fish (finished product). Ding was drenched (with vinegar). Chicken with onion vinegar (into the cage). And fu (no tube). Xijiang steamed shoulder (crumbs). Red sheep sticks, sticks and hooves (four things about shearing a sheep). Shengping Roast (300 for the tongue of sheep and deer). Eight immortals board (eight pairs of geese). Cheval (frog pod sticker). Fairy rice (suckling chicken) Xiaotian shortbread (mixed venison and chicken). Subcontract steaming wax (Xiong Cunbai). Cat skin (pure rabbit). Green cold meat (minced meat with fat) and spring braised head (live quail). Warm and cold flowers brew donkeys (steamed). Boil the calf in water (do your best). Five courses of lettuce (carefully handled by sheep, cows, bears and deer). Eat mutton sausage (dirty pods are sent separately). Pass the door incense (thin things are cooked in boiling oil) Twisted flower dream meat (Juan Zhen). Red snail (blood) Chinese soft-shelled turtle (sheep fat, duck egg fat pair) can be found everywhere. Intervertebral wisp (the treasure of seven liters of liver disc). Soup bath hydrangea (rice flower). "

Yiqing road

Many words marked in bold are chop suey, which shows that people in those days were very tolerant in eating and would not have the idea of "bad meat".

What I want to say here is that the luxury of this barbecue banquet is likely to greatly exceed the usual royal dinner. If you don't say anything about the emperor (incomplete, please note that the food list above is incomplete ...), it is estimated that you can vomit after finding half of it and tasting it = =

According to records, among other things, the food of the emperors of the Tang Dynasty was enough. Besides peony, maiden and flash man, Luoyang's most famous water mat is also famous all over the world.

In the past few years, a hotel in Taipei has been selling the restoration of Tang Dynasty royal dishes. It's so exquisite, I don't think the emperor may have eaten this version, but it can be seen from the data that these are really the patterns of court food.

If the subject is asking about the taste, we can choose one or two dishes to analyze. For example, Cheval is a dish made of frog meat mixed with pods and cooked in a pot. If you add some spicy oil, this is a greedy frog ... The royal queen mother's meal is scrambled eggs and shredded pork with rice, and the soup bath hydrangea is egg drop soup, so there are actually many home-cooked dishes = =

"Dragon City" (a fake after the Tang Dynasty) recorded a folk novel, saying that it was jealous of Qin.

Xiang's advice when most needed is least heeded, has helped thousands of people and sincerely served the country. One day when he retired from the DPRK, Taizong smiled and said to his courtiers, "This sheep's nose doesn't know what to leave, but it can move with emotion." ? The courtiers said: Wei Zhi likes vinegar and celery, and he likes it every time he eats it. This shows his true state. There will be three cups of vinegar celery tomorrow to make you happy. The celery has been eaten before the food is finished. Taizong said with a smile, your majesty said there was nothing good, and now I see it. Gong Xie said: You have nothing, so you have nothing. I insist on doing things, and I am isolated by this convergence. Emperor Taizong felt silently and retired. Emperor Taizong raised his eyebrows and sighed three times.

Looking back at the barbecue menu, I found that there are actually many dishes seasoned with vinegar. Maybe it was the fashion at that time.

This is vinegar celery from that hotel in Taipei (scraped online), which is very different from what I expected. It should be an innovative dish, not a reduction.

Compared with the Tang Dynasty, the diet in the Song Dynasty has changed a lot. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the country was not stable, the materials were not abundant, and the royal diet was relatively simple. In the late Northern Song Dynasty and even the Southern Song Dynasty ... let's look at some jade food batches first. If Webster's barbecue is the most famous meal in ancient times, then the meal that Zhang Jun invited Song Gaozong to eat may be the most luxurious meal in ancient China (don't compare it with the Man-Han banquet).

Gao Zongxing Qinghe Wang Jundi, for the royal banquet:

Embroidered high thread: Baguolei, citron, real orange, pomegranate, cottonseed, goose pear, milk pear, hawthorn and papaya.

Lexian dried fruit fork bag: litchi, round eye, Xiang Lian, torreya grandis, hazelnut, pine nut, ginkgo, plough meat, jujube ring, lotus seed meat, Ling Xuan and big steamed jujube.

A line of golden incense drugs: brain flower, licorice, cinnabar aril, clove, water dragon, gentleman, sand flower, osmanthus fragrans, Atractylodes macrocephala, ginseng and olive flower.

Carved plum balls, safflower, carved bamboo shoots, honeydew melon fish, carved safflower, papaya, carved kumquat, green plum lotus leaf, carved ginger, honey bamboo shoots, carved bamboo shoots and papaya square flowers.

Fragrant and salty first line: fragrant medicine papaya, pepper plum, fragrant medicine flower, fragrant cherry, basil, fragrant willow flower, fragrant grape, licorice flower, ginger plum, plum pie, pink ginger and mixed plum cake.

A line of bacon: pork strips, honey locust collars, Yunmenger, bacon, bacon, dairy products, fried eggs, Jinshan salted black beans, wine and vinegar meat, and meat melons. He reached out to eight plates: picking bees, grapes, Xiang Lian's rosary, olives, kumquat, a new coconut ivory plate, olives and elm oranges.

Sit down again-(I almost brought the things in front of me again, I crossed them out ... and started to eat snacks and drink)

Drink fifteen lights:

The first flower boiled quail, litchi and white kidney.

No.2 milk room signature Sam sun soup

The third sheep tongue constellation sprouted belly.

The fourth is roasted quail (soup)

The fifth lamp is fried with mandarin ducks.

No.6 Sha Fish Pot Fried Sha Fish Tang Lin

No.7 eel fried horseshoe crab and goose soup crab

No.8 Daoguang crab stuffed orange juice milk house Yu Rui soup

No.9 South Xiati fried eel

The tenth hand washes crabs, mandarin fish and fake clam plums.

The eleventh one is about shaking crab broth.

The twelfth lamp Quail crystal belly fake Jiang Yao

No.13 shrimp, orange and shrimp fish soup

The fourteenth lamp jellyfish two-color cocoon soup

The fifteenth lamp clam blood noodle soup

Dishes: stir-fried white kidney, stir-fried belly, stir-fried quail breast, moistened chicken, moistened rabbit and stir-fried kitchen cake.

The chef suggested ten flavors: Jiang Yao Fried Belly, Jiang Yaosheng Fried Belly, Fried Clam, Fried Belly with Ginger Vinegar, Braised Oyster, Fried Belly with Oyster, Fried Belly with Cockroach, and Fried Belly with False Public Rights.

Eat for 10 minutes or 20 minutes: Lotus-seed duck strips, cocoon soup, Sanzhen soup, South fried eel, jellyfish soup, quail soup, mandarin fish soup, Sansu soup, hand-washed crab and fried belly soup.

There are five sets of fruits in each exhibition:

Eat 50 minutes in the evening: two-color cocoon, belly soup, smile, small head soup rice, bacon, chicken wax, duck wax and so on. There are at least 145 samples written here ... Are you afraid?

It can be seen that the viscera of shrimps and crabs dare to board the emperor's table at this time. I don't think any store can do this kind of production and ostentation today.

bright

From the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial palace diet gradually approached today's food ... Although Zhujiajian Island stayed in Beijing most of the time after boarding the base, Nanjing and even the whole south of the Yangtze River had a great influence on the royal family diet in the Ming Dynasty. Let's look at the description in the "Deliberation" written by Liu Ruoyu, the eunuch of the Ming Dynasty.

On the ninth day of the Double Ninth Festival, it's lucky to climb the mountain for a long time, or to eat spicy rabbit chrysanthemum wine to meet the frost on the rotary table in Tuer Mountain. It's not good to paste melons and tomatoes at home to make all kinds of vegetables and shake leather clothes to keep out the cold.

Normal people must know that they are eating hot rabbits with frost, not chrysanthemums of hot rabbits with frost ... Chrysanthemum wine is a seasonal diet, but this kind of hot rabbit has been seen in many places, but the hot rabbit in those days was not the kind of hot rabbit with Shuangliu rabbit head now. The third volume of Tiaoding Ji introduces this practice: "Shred chicken soup and add yellow wine, soy sauce, onion ginger juice, pepper powder and bean powder.

Wang Zengqi, one of the three outstanding gourmets in the Republic of China, wrote at the end of the article "Eating and Drinking in the Song Dynasty":

There are no records of people eating sea cucumbers, shark's fin and bird's nest in Song Dynasty in Tokyo Dreaming of China and Jingshi Jisheng, and in numerous Old Man in West Lake, Dream of Liang and Old Stories of Wulin. Eating this nutritious high-protein seafood probably began in the Ming Dynasty. This is probably related to the indulgence of the Ming people ..... (later omitted)

What we know now is that people began to eat shark fin on a large scale at least in the Ming Dynasty, and today's cooking methods are varied, which is also a typical institutional obsession with the catering industry today. Nowadays, eating shark fin is cruel in the eyes of many people, but many people still flock to it. Perhaps part of the reason is that shark fin has been a luxury since 600 years ago and has continued to this day.

In contrast, the edible history of sea cucumber is much earlier. I really don't understand why people think that the former can eat and the latter can't eat when they see creatures like Ding Ri and fish fins ... digress and come back to watch Meditation.

Enjoy plums in the warm room in case of snow, eat roast mutton, mutton buns, mud wine, milk, milk skins and steamed milk nests. The first emperor loved to eat grilled clams, fried shrimp, frog legs and preserved bamboo shoots, as well as stewed sea cucumber, mullet, shark tendon, fat chicken and pig's trotters, which he always liked to use.

The first emperor here should refer to the apocalypse or Wanli. In short, it was the late Ming Dynasty. After moving to Beijing for many years, the Ming royal family still had a preference for coastal food (the latter has the style of Fujian official food), but mutton and dairy products, which are northern specialties, were also quite popular in the palace. Sure enough, looking at the world, it is the land of kings and the treasure of kings? ......

Roasting roasted seeds and nuts is a traditional food in old Beijing, but there should be no such iron plate in Ming Dynasty.

The changes in diet inheritance in the Ming Dynasty gave people a rather conservative impression, and Zhu Yuanzhang was even more cautious. In this life, he almost used Xu Xingzu as a cook.

Ching Dynasty

Damn it, who changed the question ... The original question refers to the difference between imperial cuisine and imperial dining room.

I believe that the reviser is well-intentioned, and I hope that the question can be more accurate, so that I can respond more accurately: "Strictly speaking, there was no chef before the Qing Dynasty ..."

Just spit, or seriously answer-tired, go to bed first (mainly because the Qing Dynasty began to establish a relatively perfect food stall system, and there are too many materials to test, which is more troublesome to write ... girls who feel like it can't see it anyway = =)