Brief introduction of Songhua

Directory 1 pinyin 2 source 3 pinyin name 4 alias Songhua 5 source 6 original form 7 origin distribution 8 cultivation 9 characters 10 chemical composition1pharmacological action Songhua 1 2 processing 13 flavor 14 meridian tropism14. 3. Description of Songhua * Songhua medicine in ancient books 1 Pinyin s not ng hu ā.

2 The Origin of Songhua, published for the first time in Newly Revised Materia Medica, said: "The name of Songhua, pine yellow, looks like Zheng Er in Pu Huang." 1. "Illustration of Materia Medica" records: "Its flowers are covered with yellow powder, and its name is scattered yellow. The villagers brushed it in time to make a good soup. But it can't stop for a long time, so it is rarely used to send it far. " 2. The Outline says: "Pine snails are knotty, the bark is thick and scaly, the leaves wither ... They bloom in February and March, four or five inches long, and the stamens are picked into pine yellow. Hard as a pig's heart, folded into scales. In autumn, children grow scales. " Some people say that its leaves have two needles, three needles and five needles.

From materia medica, outline and plants

3 Pinyin name s not n ɡ hu ā

4. The other names of pine flowers are pine yellow, pine pollen and pine pollen.

Source: Pollen of Pinus massoniana, Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii.

Latin animal and plant mineral names: 1. Pinus massoniana 2. Pinus tabulaeformis 3. Pinus densiflora 4. Pinus thunbergii.

Harvesting and storage: harvesting the tassels of male flowers in spring, drying, rubbing off pollen, sieving, collecting fine powder and drying.

6 Original form: 1. Trees, 45m high, with bust 1.5m, reddish brown bark, grayish brown lower part, and irregular long block cracks. Branchlets are usually whorled, yellow-brown, without white powder and hairless; Winter buds are ovoid, cylindrical, brown, sharp at the apex, filiform at the edge of bud scales, and long at the apex or tip. Needle-shaped leaves, 2 needles in a bunch, sparse 3 needles in a bunch, long 1230cm, slender and soft, with fine serrated leaves, about 48 resin channels, back edge or ventral edge; Leaf sheaths are brown at first, and then gradually become gray-black and durable. Male cones are reddish brown, cylindrical, pendulous, long 1 1.5cm, clustered in axillary buds at the lower part of new branches, and spicate; Female cones are solitary or clustered in 24 clusters at the top of new branches, light purple. Cone ovoid or cone ovoid, 47 cm long, 2.54 m in diameter, short stalk, drooping, and chestnut brown when mature; The middle seed scale is nearly oblong, obovate and about 3 cm long; The scales are rhombic, slightly convex or flat, and the scales and umbilicus are slightly concave and spineless. Seeds ovoid, 46 mm long, 22.7 cm long, winged. The flowering period is April, and the fruit maturity is 1065438+ February of the following year.

2. Trees, up to 25m high, with bust exceeding1m.. The bark is grayish brown with irregular scaly cracks and reddish brown cracks. Branches are whorled, branchlets are stout, light orange or grayish yellow; Winter buds are wide and oval, with sharp tips and reddish brown. Needle-shaped leaves, 2 needles in a bunch, dark green, thick and hard, 10 15cm long, about 1.5mm in diameter, with fine teeth on the edge and stomatal lines on both sides; Leaf sheaths are light brown at first and gradually turn dark gray. The male cones are cylindrical, with a length of 1.2 1.8cm, clustered on new branches to form spikes; The female inflorescence is broadly ovoid, 7 mm long, purple, and planted on the new branches of that year. The cone is ovoid or ovoid, with a length of 49 cm, short stalk and drooping, and it is yellowish or brownish yellow when mature, and lasts for several years; The middle seed scale is nearly oblong, obovate, 65438±0.62cm long, thick, protuberant or microprotrusive, oblate, rhombic or polygonal, with obvious transverse ridges, and the umbilicus process has spikes. Seeds ovoid or oblong, light brown, striped, wing length 1.55438+0.8 cm. The flowering period is April, and the fruit maturity is June 65438+ the following year1October.

3. Trees, 30m high, with bust 1.5m, orange-red bark and irregular scales falling off. Annual branches are light yellow or reddish yellow, slightly powdery and hairless; Winter buds are oblong, ovoid, dark reddish brown, 2 needles in a bunch, 5 12cm long and 1mm in diameter. The top is slightly pointed, with air hole lines on both sides, serrated edge, semi-circular cross section and about 46 resin channels, which are marginal. Male cones are red and yellow, cylindrical, 5 12mm, clustered in the lower part of new branches, showing short spikes; Female cones are reddish purple, solitary or aggregated into 23, and annual cones have short spines at the top of seed scales. When mature, the cones are dark brown or light brown yellow; The seed scales are open, easy to fall off, with slightly raised transverse ridges, flat scales or slightly raised umbilicus, and short spines. The seeds are oval or ovoid, with a length of 47mm, a connecting wing length of 1.52m and a seed wing width of 57 mm. The flowering period is April, and the fruit maturity is 9 10 in the following year.

4. Tree, 30 meters high and 2 meters in bust. Young bark is dark gray, gray-black when old, thick and irregular. Annual branches are light brown and glabrous; Winter buds are silvery white, cylindrical, oval or cylindrical, with the top, bud scales lanceolate, white edges and filiform. The needles are 2 needles in a bundle, dark green, glossy, thick and hard, 6 12cm long, with fine serrations on the edges, stomatal lines on both sides, and 6 1 1 resin channels in the cross section, medium. Male cones are reddish brown and cylindrical,1.52 cm; Dragon; Female cones are solitary or 23 new branches are clustered near the top, erect, ovoid and light purple. When mature, the cones are brown, conical or ovoid, 46 cm long and 34 cm in diameter. Its stem is short and bends downward. The middle seed scale is oval, the scale shield is slightly thick, the transverse ridge is obvious, and the scale navel has short thorns. The seed is obovate and oval, with a length of 57mm, a connecting wing length of 1.5 1.8cm, and the seed wing is grayish brown. The flowering period is April, and the fruit maturity is June 65438+ the following year1October.

7 Habitat distribution ecological environment: 1. Born in mountainous areas below1500m above sea level.

2. Born in a mountainous area at an altitude of 1002600 meters. ..

3. Born in temperate coastal mountains and plains.

4. Born in the eastern coastal mountainous area.

Resource distribution: 1. Distributed in Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places.

2. Distributed in Northeast China, North China, Northwest China, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu and other places.

3. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong and Jiangsu. Cultivation in Nanjing area.

4. Distributed in Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu and other places; It is cultivated in Wuhan, Nanjing, Shanghai and Hangzhou.

8 culture 1. Pinus massoniana (1). Biological characteristics: It belongs to subtropical plants and needs a warm and humid climate. The areas with annual average temperature 1322℃ and annual rainfall over 800 mm grow well. Areas with too low temperature are not suitable for growth, and they are resistant to drought and barren soil, afraid of waterlogging, intolerant of salt and alkali, and like sunshine and acidic soil. Its pH value is 4.

(2) The cultivation technique is seedling raising and transplanting:1Pinus massoniana cones mature from mid-October to early February, and seeds are collected from mother trees with symmetrical, straight, healthy and disease-free crowns, and the collected cones are stacked or heated and dried to make the seeds fall off. Sow and raise seedlings in early March, select sandy loam soil with flat terrain and sufficient sunshine in the nursery, plough and harrow more in early spring, apply sole fertilizer, furrow furrow is high, ridge height 152 1cm, width100/kloc-0. Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water or cold water at 30℃ 1224 hours, and remove the floating. In order to prevent diseases, the seeds were soaked in 0.5% copper sulfate solution for 46 hours for disinfection, or sprayed with 0.3% formaldehyde solution for 30 minutes, sown on cloudy days, with horizontal furrows on the border, with the furrow spacing of 1720cm and the depth of 0.50.8cm, and covered with soil after sowing, with 65,440 seeds per 1hm2.

Transplanting: after 1 year seedbed cultivation, transplant in the middle and late February of1.7m×/kloc-0 or 1m × 1.7m, and plant 36,006,000 plants per lhm2. It should be planted with seedlings to prevent them from losing water.

(3) Field management: After the seedlings are unearthed, remove the mulch grass in batches, pay attention to bird damage, often loosen the soil and weed, sow in the middle and late May, and set the seedlings in the middle and early July with a distance of 45cm. Drainage should be done well in rainy days to prevent standing dry, and pruning and thinning should be done well after transplanting into forests to maintain a reasonable density.

(4) The main disease of pest control is rice sheath blight. You can choose loose and fertile soil with good drainage to raise seedlings, and you can use Dixintong 1522.5kg/hm2 or ferrous sulfate 225,300 kg/hm2 to prepare the soil. During the onset period, 500 or 800 times of Dixintong solution or 5000 times of benzalkonium bromide solution can be sprayed. The pests are mainly Dendrolimus punctatus, which can be controlled by microbial agents such as Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus thuringiensis. During overwintering, seedlings can be sprayed with 50% marathon emulsion or 50% cartap emulsion 1000 1500 times.

2. Pinus tabulaeformis (1) is a temperate plant with biological characteristics, strong adaptability, drought tolerance, light avoidance, cold tolerance and low temperature of -25℃. It is suitable for forest brown soil, brown soil and black furnace soil, and likes slightly acidic and neutral soil, but is not tolerant to salt and alkali.

(2) Cultivation techniques Seedling raising, transplanting and sowing in spring and autumn, and spring sowing is the best. Germination and disinfection should be carried out before sowing. Seedling raising, seedbed length 1 0m, width1m and height1520cm. Trench drilling, row spacing of about 20m, sowing width of 37cm, covering soil 1 1.5cm, slightly suppressed, sowing 225300kg per 1hm2.

(3) In field management, Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings are drought-resistant and waterlogged-resistant, so it is necessary to loosen soil and weed frequently, with nitrogen fertilizer as the main fertilizer in the early stage and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as the main fertilizer in the later stage. Two-year-old seedlings were transplanted in spring and autumn, with hole spacing of 0.7 1.5m or 1.0m × 1.5m, and 36,006,000 plants were planted per lhm2.

(4) In order to prevent pine seedling damping-off, carbendazim can be used to disinfect the seedbed or spray dixon, and 0.5% 1.0% Bordeaux solution or 0.5% 1.5% ferrous sulfate solution can be sprayed every 7/0 days after seedling emergence. The pest is Dendrolimus punctatus, which can kill larvae in winter, and can also be biologically controlled by Beauveria bassiana and Trichogramma.

9 characters 1. Character identification: This product is light yellow powder, easy to fly, smooth to twist by hand, and insoluble in water. The smell is slightly fragrant and greasy. It is best to be uniform, light yellow and highly mobile.

2. Microscopic identification shows that the pollen grains are oval, with a length of 4555μm and a diameter of 2940μm, and the surface is smooth. There are two inflated air sacs on both sides, with a length of 2537μm and a width of 2040 μ m. The outer wall has obvious reticular texture and polygonal grid.

10 chemical composition Pinus massoniana pollen contains oil and rich trace elements, among which potassium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, zinc and iron are rich. Pinus densiflora pollen contains dehydrocholic acid, malate synthase, acid phosphatase, isocitrate lyase and hydroxybenzoic acid glucosyltransferase.

Pharmacological effects of 1 1 Pine pollen contains selenium that inhibits tumor cells.

12 concoct the herbal word: "roast." At present, take the original medicinal materials, remove impurities and bake them slightly. Characters of decoction pieces: See "Identification of Medicinal Materials". Store in a dry container in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moisture from caking and moth-eaten.

13 sweet; Sexual temperature

14 meridians enter the liver; Stomach meridian

15 function is mainly used for expelling wind; Yiqi; Damping; Stop bleeding. Headache and dizziness; Diarrhea and dysentery; Eczema and wet sores; Traumatic hemorrhage

16 oral administration and dosage of Songhua: decocted, 39g；; Take it. External use: appropriate amount, dry sprinkling or dressing.

17 Pay attention to blood deficiency and internal heat.

1. "Herbal Supplement": "Eating more can be scorching." 2. Annals of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine (version 1960): "Weakness leads to constipation, and it is forbidden for those who indulge in jaundice."

18 schools discuss 1. "Outline": "Today, people pick flowers, sugar is cake paste, and there are fruit cakes in it, which are difficult to harvest for a long time. I am afraid that the merits of treating diseases may not be able to overcome the fat leaves. " 2. Textual research on plant names and real-life maps: "The stems of Kanto pine branches are green, stout, fragrant and beautiful, and the fruits are rare. Yongping also has it. Pine trees in the north are difficult to grow, with strong nodes and columns, called Pinus tabulaeformis, which overflow in midsummer. Southern pine only makes firewood, which is easy to produce termites. Only the Toona sinensis in the water will not rot for a long time. Yan Lounong said, "Erya": fir trees, pine leaves and cypress bodies. " Note: the beam material of this great temple, the so-called pine and cypress mouse in "Corpse Change", did not know that there was a beautiful cedar in the secret hall; The fir tree is covered with pine and has different spikes. There are two kinds of craftsmen who attack wood today: grey pine and yellow pine. Grey pine is easy to grow, light in weight and fast in decay, and it is something to borrow wages. Pinus tabulaeformis, also known as Pinus tabulaeformis, is fatty, solid and rich in rocks. The giant room in the north is incompetent without it. I often go to Lulong Imperial Examination Institute to see the so-called Gu Song, which has a history of several hundred years, with a stiff spine and many knots, which is different from that of Lao Song and Long Lin. But when the long wind blows, the huge waves shake the air, and the female stocks are all seven, which is called beauty. In central Hunan dialect, pine is a cluster. If it is a simple calf or fir tree, it is a kind of pine and fir fruit. Strong and loose, refuting with leafy trees, like portraits, but found in Yan, Liao and Yunnan. "Lu" takes Chinese fir as silk fir. The leaves of pine trees and fir trees are very different. Erya has been published for two years, and it may be different. In Yuan Ting Ancient Temple, there are dust-tailed pine, scorpion-tailed pine (that is, tooth-picking pine), money-eared pine and goose-feather pine, all of which are used to make pots, not pillars, but ears of the five great men. There are larches in Wutai outside the Great Wall, and Mongolia takes its skin instead of its tea. Cold wood falls out of tune, and its wood is hard and toxic, which can rot into meat. Parasitic white grease is five or six inches thick, as smooth as jade, as hard as Microsoft, or as useful as the soles of boots. There is also a white pine with straight branches, which is short on the top and long on the bottom and looks like a floating picture. The plastid is light and different from other subjects in the woodworking department, so the shape varies from place to place. " On the Efficacy of Pine Pollen in Moistening Heart, Lung and Benefiting Temper Ye Shi Tian: "The main function of Pine Pollen is to moisten heart and lung, eat it in the stomach, and disperse the essence of temper, which is lost in the heart and lung. Pine flowers are sweet and beneficial to the spleen, and the temperature can be achieved. Spleen is the body fluid of the stomach, which is lost to the heart and lungs, so it can moisten the heart and lungs. Benefiting qi, warming liver and yang, and taste benefiting spleen and yin. Wind clears the liver and warms the liver, so it eliminates wind. Spleen governs blood, tastes sweet and strengthens the spleen, so it stops bleeding. Those who can make wine are fragrant and strong, and should be made into wine. " [Note] The same plant Pinus densiflora is distributed in Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet and other places; Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis is distributed in Sichuan and Yunnan. Pinus armandii is distributed in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Tibet. Its pollen is also used as medicinal pine in the producing area.

19 from Chinese materia medica

A prescription for soaking pine flowers in wine ...

Ham red yeast powder GQ ǔ s ǔ n formula: aged ham bone (calcined and ground), red yeast pine equivalent. Method: the top is good. Indications: diarrhea due to spleen deficiency. dosage ...

Pinyin of pine pollen: sōnghuāsànāng Prescription: 45g of pine pollen, 0/5g of licorice/kloc (reddish, filing), 0/5g of aster/kloc (removing seedlings) and 0/5g of lily/kloc. ...

Song Xinshu (ancient book) Volume Six quotes Zhang Huan Fang Zi:: Song Composer: Songhua (washed and baked) 1 beam, Fructus Aurantii (parched with bran, pulp removed) 1 beam, Fangfeng ( ...

Pamba: Gu bās n Prescription: rice crust (net powder) 4 Liang, pine flower 2 Liang, bacon bone 5 yuan. Methods: Top to bottom. Indications: white diarrhea ...

There are many prescriptions for using Chinese medicine pine flowers.

A Chinese patent medicine, Notoginseng 43g Radix Puerariae 600g Semen Cuscutae 17g Fructus Lycii 300g Pollen Pini 40g Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae 290g Radix et Rhizoma Rhei 155g Rhizoma Alismatis 265g Herba Artemisiae Scopariae. ...

Fuzheng Huayu Capsule Fuzheng Huayu Capsule mainly consists of Salvia miltiorrhiza, fermented Cordyceps powder, peach kernel, pine pollen, Gynostemma pentaphyllum and Schisandra chinensis (processed). Functions and indications of Fuzheng Huayu Capsule ...

Qingfei Zhike Powder G Lepidium Seed 150g Indigo Naturalis 10g Ginkgo biloba 200g Borneolum Syntheticum 1g Pine pollen 200g Preparation method: All the eleven medicines except Indigo Naturalis are ground with borneol. ...

Asthma Pill Ginkgo 50 g Fructus Aurantii (fried) 40 g Fructus Trichosanthis 40 g Ophiopogon japonicus 40 g Pine pollen 25 g Bamboo shavings 25 g Orange 25 g Anemarrhena 25 g Gypsum 25 g ...

Zhibao Sanbian Capsule Poria, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Cortex Moutan, Radix Angelicae Sinensis (parched with wine), Radix Astragali, Herba Epimedii (parched with sheep oil) and Gan Song Zanthoxylum bungeanum (parched with salt) is prepared by mixing the above 43 ingredients. ...

There are many Chinese patent medicines used in Songhua.

Song Fengshuo Epidemic, an ancient book written by Songhua: [Volume II: Treatment of Pestilence and Miscellaneous Diseases] People with both exterior and interior diseases should be treated separately, so they should be flexible from time to time and not glued together. However, Songhua powder is quite effective in treating epidemic heat dysentery, which can not be ignored. Typhoid fever again ...

"Zhou Shenzhai's suicide note": [Volume 8] From bottom to top, Baoyuan Decoction is decocted with Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria and Pine Flower, or used with aconite. Sijunzi decoction is suitable for all diarrhea. "Mourning for the Past" Xie Wei Ling Tang; There is damp-heat diarrhea in Yuexia, ...

Interpretation of Materia Medica: [Volume Miki] Songhua Gan. Non-toxic, nourishing the heart and lungs. Yiqi. Remove the wind. Stop bleeding. You can also make wine. The temperature of Songhua River and the tranquility of spring are natural. Enter the liver meridian of foot jueyin. Sweet and nontoxic. get ...

New Books for Young Children: [Volume 6] Tortoise Back 19) Red peony and Sichuan rhubarb (filed flat, slightly fried) Fructus Aurantii (bran fried slightly yellow, pulp removed) Pine flowers (more than half) are mashed, Luo is the end, and honey and pills are as big as mung beans. ...

Notes on Gou Yuan's Materia Medica: [Volume 22] Turpentine