About the prevention of tumor

With the deepening understanding of cancer, people gradually realize that cancer prevention is the most effective weapon against cancer. Many scientific research and effective control activities show that cancer can be avoided. 1/3 Cancer can be prevented. 1/3 cancer can be cured if it can be diagnosed early. Reasonable and effective palliative care can improve the quality of life of the remaining 1/3 cancer patients. Today's world has posed many challenges to our traditional habits, and the emerging health views need to be constantly recognized. Individuals, families and even communities have more responsibilities than ever before to help themselves and others prevent diseases and improve their lifestyle and environment to promote health. The government must take appropriate measures to support the activities of individuals, families and communities. Only by bringing cancer prevention into people's daily life and work schedule can we really play a preventive role. The ultimate goal of cancer prevention is to reduce the incidence and mortality of cancer. In order to achieve this goal, the following preventive measures can be taken: primary prevention, secondary prevention, tertiary prevention and chemical prevention.

Cancer prevention: primary prevention, secondary prevention and tertiary prevention.

Primary prevention: primary prevention or etiological prevention. Its goal is to prevent the occurrence of cancer. Its tasks include studying the causes and risk factors of various cancers, taking preventive measures against chemical, physical, biological and other specific carcinogenic and cancer-promoting factors as well as internal and external pathogenic conditions, taking measures to strengthen environmental protection, and providing a healthy body with proper diet and proper exercise to improve physical and mental health. For individuals, this is stage 0. Is it important to be kind? Quot period.

1, avoid smoking

Smoking has become a well-known carcinogen, which is related to 30% of cancers. Tobacco tar contains many carcinogens and cancer-promoting substances, such as 3-4 phenylpropyl pyrene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols and nitrosamines. After the smoke produced by tobacco combustion is inhaled, tar particles will attach to bronchial mucosa, which can induce cancer after long-term chronic stimulation. Smoking mainly causes cancers of lung, pharynx, larynx and esophagus, and it also increases the risk of tumors in many other parts.

2. Diet structure

According to the survey of the American Council on Diet, Nutrition and Cancer (DNC), colon cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and lung cancer are most likely to be prevented by changing eating habits. In fact, a reasonable diet may have a preventive effect on most cancers, especially plant foods with various anticancer components, which are effective in preventing almost all cancers.

The eight dietary guidelines issued by China Nutrition Society 1997 are as follows:

1) There are many kinds of food, mainly cereals. A variety of foods should include cereals and potatoes, animal foods, beans and their products, vegetables and fruits, and pure calorie foods.

2) Eat more vegetables, fruits and potatoes to maintain cardiovascular health, increase disease resistance and prevent cancer and eye diseases.

3) Eat milk, beans and their products every day. Calcium deficiency is widespread in our diet, which is only half of the recommended supply. However, milk food contains high calcium content, which, like beans, is an excellent source of protein.

4) Eat proper amount of fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat, and eat less fat and meat oil. Animal protein has comprehensive amino acid composition and high lysine content; Unsaturated fatty acids in fish can reduce blood lipid and prevent thrombosis.

5) Balance diet and physical activity, and maintain an appropriate weight. The heat supply for breakfast, lunch and dinner should be 30%, 40% and 30% respectively.

6) The diet is light and low in salt. The average salt intake of China residents is about 15g per day, which is more than twice the recommended value of the World Health Organization. Therefore, the salt intake should be reduced.

7) Drink moderately.

8) Eat clean, hygienic and non-perishable food. Including the purchase of food that meets hygiene standards, especially green food.

3, others such as occupation, environment, infection, drugs, etc.

Exposure to some chemicals for occupational and environmental reasons can lead to tumors in different parts. Such as lung cancer (asbestos), bladder cancer (aniline dye) and leukemia (benzene). Some infectious diseases are also closely related to some cancers, such as hepatitis B virus and liver cancer, human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. In some countries, parasitic infection of Schistosoma japonicum will significantly increase the risk of bladder cancer. Exposure to some ion rays and a lot of ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays from the sun, can also lead to some tumors, especially skin cancer. Commonly used cancer-causing drugs are sex hormones-estrogen and androgen, and tamoxifen, an anti-estrogen drug. Estrogen widely used by postmenopausal women is related to endometrial cancer and breast cancer.

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