Henan historical and cultural resources

I. Analysis of Henan culture and history about Henan historical and cultural resources Tang Shujun (Henan Museum)-.

These resources can be used to learn from history, educate people and develop industries, which has important practical significance in economic construction, social development and foreign cultural exchanges. Here, from an expert's point of view, we select some of Tang Shujun's expositions on Henan history.

In order to let more people know about Henan's history and culture, we also thank Tang Shujun. Henan is a big province of cultural relics, the cradle of Chinese civilization and the center of culture, with a long history and rich historical and cultural resources.

There are 28 168 cultural relics sites in Henan, and each township has its own branch. There are 96 national key cultural relics protection units alone, ranking second among all provinces and cities in China.

There are 666 provincial key cultural relics protection units and 36 14 city and county key cultural relics protection units. World cultural heritage.

In particular, Henan's rich cultural resources have created brilliant historical and cultural celebrities, such as Huangdi, Fuxi, Laozi, Li Bai, Du Fu, Li Shangyin and Yue Fei. They have left immortal achievements in Henan, made outstanding contributions to the Chinese nation, written glorious chapters in the history of Chinese civilization, and played a decisive role in the ancient history and culture of China. Their spirit and a large number of relics they left behind are very valuable cultural resources, which can be used to learn from history, educate people and start businesses, and have great practical significance in economic construction, social development and foreign exchanges.

But how to develop, utilize and protect these resources, serve Henan's economic construction, and use cultural relics to build socialist spiritual civilization, establish a good image of Henan, let Henan go to the world and let the world know about Henan. This article intends to talk about some views.

I. Re-understanding the value of historical and cultural resources Cultural relics and historic sites are historical witnesses, their value lies in their formation in history, and they are the material carriers of political, economic and cultural activities of different periods, regions and nationalities. "When you see the old things, you see people". This kind of history, culture and feelings expressed in form can't be replaced by written records.

These cultural resources can be handed down, some are tangible and some are intangible. They are a mirror of history, a spirit that can inspire and infect people. Today, we rescue and protect cultural relics in order to serve people and realize the realistic goals of "looking at the present and making the past serve the present".

Brilliant Chinese civilization has long been in the leading position in the world in many aspects such as economy and culture, and has made indelible contributions to the economic and social progress of mankind, and even has important reference significance to today's society. For example, Zhang Heng's seismograph, Du Fu's poems, Zhang Zhongjing's prescription method and Li Jie's "Building French Style" still have reference value today.

There are many vivid patriotic textbooks in historical and cultural resources. "Patriotism is one of the deepest feelings for our country, which has been consolidated for thousands of years.

"Patriotism is the common banner of the people of all ethnic groups in a country. It is also an important spiritual pillar for maintaining national unity. Patriotism plays an extremely important role in safeguarding national unity, resisting foreign aggression, carrying out economic construction and promoting social progress in peacetime.

The 5,000-year history of the Chinese nation not only shows the intelligence of people of all ethnic groups, but also shows the facts of invention and creation. But also shows the epic historical fact that countless heroic sons and daughters sacrificed their lives to safeguard the great rivers and mountains of the Chinese nation and defend the territory.

This banner will always inspire the people of China and make our country self-reliant forever. For example, Yue Fei, a national hero, is one of many national heroes in the history of the Chinese nation and the most outstanding patriotic general in the Southern Song Dynasty.

From joining the army to being killed at the age of 39, the main experience of his life was in the struggle against gold. His patriotism and valiant heroism both embody the aggressive national spirit of our Chinese nation under specific historical conditions.

Yue fei memorial, tangyin county receives a large number of tourists every year, which is an important position to educate the broad masses of people on historical materialism, patriotism, revolutionary tradition and opposition to feudal superstition. While introducing and displaying celebrities, they enrich the content through vivid, vivid and intuitive cultural relics, auxiliary exhibitions, words and pictures, so that college, primary and secondary school students and people from all walks of life who come to visit and study are subtly influenced, and the concept of the motherland and the nation is constantly strengthened.

In particular, the education of young people has been strengthened, so that they can understand the long history, splendid culture and fine traditions, gradually deepen their love for the great motherland, and enhance their national self-esteem, self-confidence and pride. This is not experienced elsewhere, and it is irreplaceable by other forms of education.

At present, yue fei memorial has established relatively stable ties with local schools, troops, enterprises and institutions, and has been named as an excellent patriotic education base by National Cultural Heritage Administration and Henan Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau. It is the window of civilization, which plays the role of educating people and inspiring people's patriotic thoughts.

The Yellow Emperor is the humanistic ancestor of the Chinese nation. In the legendary era, he was both a man and a god. Today, the great achievements of the Yellow Emperor are still visible, and he is still a hero in people's minds.

His brilliant achievements are outstanding in history. For thousands of years, the worship of the Yellow Emperor has continued, leaving a large number of relics and relics in Xinzheng, Xinmi and Lingbao, Henan Province.

Therefore, the Yellow Emperor became a symbol of the Chinese nation. Our sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor today is based on the principle of "carrying forward the national spirit, rallying national strength and promoting the reunification of the motherland" and has played a very positive role.

In Xinzheng, Xinmi, Lingbao and other places, it is said that the ninth day of the second lunar month is the birthday of the Yellow Emperor. At this time, not only the nearby people spontaneously held sacrificial activities, but also tourists from Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hubei and other places came in an endless stream. There are also overseas people who seek their roots and ancestors, cherish the virtues and appreciate the essence of the Yellow Emperor culture.

It not only promotes the exchange of foreign cultures, makes our cultural relics and historic sites show their charming charm to the world, but also attracts a large number of foreigners to visit China. In order to deepen people's understanding of China and Henan, and promote.

Second, what are the cultural resources? Henan has a long history and splendid culture. It is one of the birthplaces of ancient civilization in China.

We are familiar with Peiligang Culture, Yangshao Culture and Longshan Culture. Li Er, Zhuangzi, Shang Yang, Zhang Heng, Zhang Zhongjing, Han Yu and Yue Fei. They are all famous people in Britain. In the long history, Henan has always occupied an important position in China's politics, military affairs, economy and culture. Twenty dynasties established or moved the capital to Henan, and there are three ancient capitals in China, namely Luoyang, Kaifeng and Anyang ... This is the "ancient civilization" of Henan, which is called "a history of Henan civilization and half a history of China civilization". Culture is the root, culture is the soul, and splendid culture needs development, inheritance and innovation.

Therefore, relying on unique cultural resources, Henan has fully implemented the strategy of strengthening the province through culture.

Third, please introduce the culture, geography and resources of Henan. Henan province is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains in the east of the motherland. Because most of the area is south of the Yellow River, it is called "Henan" for short, also known as "Central Plains" and "Zhongzhou". With its unique geographical and natural conditions, special strategic position, rich resources of agricultural and sideline products, various minerals, extensive land transportation, splendid history and culture and rapid economic development, Henan has become one of the important provinces in China.

Henan is a province rich in tourism resources, which is famous for its rich ancient cultural tourism resources. For domestic and foreign tourists, especially those who are fascinated by exploring the origin of oriental culture and Chinese civilization, Henan is like a huge natural history museum, a textbook of China history and culture that can be seen, touched and touched. The oriental culture contained here is rich and profound, and its style is precious and unique.

Henan plays a very important role in the formation and development history of China's national culture and even the oriental culture. A large number of historical records and years of archaeological excavations prove that our ancestors started human civilization here at least 8,000 years ago, from the Xia Dynasty, the first dynasty in China in the 2nd1century BC, to the Jin Dynasty in the 3rd century A.D./Kloc-0. During these 3,500 years, more than 200 emperors of more than 20 dynasties built or moved their capitals here, leaving countless places of interest. There are 96 state-level cultural relics protection units that can be called "national treasures", and the underground cultural relics rank first in the country, with a collection of 6.5438+0.3 million cultural relics, accounting for about one-eighth of the country. Among the seven ancient capitals of China, Luoyang, Kaifeng and Anyang are all in Henan, and there are also national historical and cultural cities such as Zhengzhou, Nanyang, Shangqiu and Xunxian. Zhengzhou Xinzheng Huangdi's hometown, Dengfeng Shaolin Temple, Gongyi Song Ling, Luoyang Longmen Grottoes, Baima Temple, Yanshi Xuanzang's hometown, Kaifeng Songduyu Street, Baogong Temple, Anyang Yinxu, Youlicheng (the birthplace of Zhouyi), Sanmenxia Guoguo Cemetery Chemakeng, Hanguguan, Nanyang Wuhou Temple, Zhang Heng's Tomb and Yisheng. The provincial capitals Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Kaifeng and other ancient capitals now have new scenic spots. Henan Museum was completed and opened in May, 1998. It is not only rich in collections, but also magnificent and unique in architecture. Many precious cultural relics and treasures are displayed to tourists here. The surrounding environment of Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, which has entered the ranks of world cultural heritage, has also been greatly improved. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is a three-dimensional representation of the famous painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in Song Dynasty. Visitors can see the bustling markets, customs and customs in the Millennium ancient capital.

Henan is an important birthplace of China's surname. Among the hundreds of surnames in China, at least one hundred surnames originated in Henan. Among them, the four overseas surnames, including "Chen Lin spent a long time filling the streets", all originated in Henan. In recent years, with the rise of root-seeking tourism, an endless stream of overseas friends came to Henan to seek roots and worship their ancestors. Henan is also the hometown of Kung Fu in China, Shaolin Temple in Songshan is the birthplace of profound Shaolin Wushu, and Chenjiagou in wen county is the hometown of Chen Tai Ji Chuan, the root of Tai Ji Chuan in China. Therefore, we say that exploring the source of culture and looking for the source of surnames has become a "bright spot" in Henan tourism activities in recent years.

Henan is not only rich in cultural tourism resources, but also has a unique natural landscape. The Yellow River flows through Henan for more than 700 kilometers. From the middle reaches to the lower reaches, there are not only the blue waves of Sanmenxia Reservoir, but also the magnificent Yellow River tourist area in Zhengzhou and the "hanging river" spectacle in Kaifeng, with an altitude of14m. Xiaolangdi Water Control Project of the Yellow River has become the largest water surface in the north of the Yangtze River, with a width of 3 kilometers and a length of 1.32 kilometers, showing the magnificent landscape of Pinghu in Gaoxia. In recent years, "Great Yellow River Tour" and "Yellow River Drifting" have been praised by tourists as "full of wild interest and epic glory". Songshan Mountain in Zhengzhou, Longmen Mountain in Luoyang, Jigong Mountain in Xinyang, Yuntai Mountain in Jiaozuo, Wuwang in Jiyuan, Shiren in Lushan and Lvlin in Linzhou are all national scenic spots. In addition, Baligou in Xinxiang, Baiyun Mountain in Song County and Qinglong Gorge in Jiaozuo have been opened and launched in recent years, attracting a large number of domestic and foreign tourists.

In the past twenty years, the tourism industry in Henan Province has made great progress. In 2002, Henan received more than 400,000 inbound tourists, and the tourism income was 654.38 billion US dollars+460 million yuan. The number of domestic tourists is more than 63 million, and the domestic tourism income is 40910.30 billion yuan. At present, there are 12 excellent tourist cities in China, such as Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Puyang, Jiyuan and Dengfeng, and 2 1 0 national AAAA scenic spots, such as Shaolin Temple, Guanlin Temple, Baima Temple, Longmen Grottoes, Riverside Garden on Qingming Festival and Baogong Temple. There are 338 star-rated hotels and tourist hotels in the province. There are 3 five-star hotels, 4-star hotels 15 and 3-star hotels 1 13. He 'nan is an important transportation hub in China. Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Nanyang have more than 800 flights to and from major cities in China every week, including Hongkong, Macau and Taibei. Zhengzhou Xinzheng Airport is a first-class inland airport, with a flight zone grade of 4E, and has been approved as an international airport. Highway traffic in Henan extends in all directions. Expressway network closely connects Zhengzhou, the provincial capital, with Luoyang, Kaifeng, seven dynasties, Anyang, and Xuchang, the ancient capital of Cao Wei, forming a cross-shaped expressway structure centered on Zhengzhou. The driving time from Zhengzhou to the above cities is mostly between 50~ 100 minutes. The railway transportation network with Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Shangqiu as hubs connects the four major railway trunk lines of Beijing-Guangzhou, Longhai, Liu Jiao and Beijing-Kowloon. Zhengzhou Railway Station has 2 18 passenger trains to all parts of the country every day.

Please introduce the culture, geography and resources of Henan. Henan Province is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains in the east-central part of the motherland. Because most of the area is south of the Yellow River, it is called "Henan" for short, also known as "Central Plains" and "Zhongzhou".

With its unique geographical and natural conditions, its special strategic position, rich agricultural and sideline products resources, various minerals, extensive land transportation, splendid history and culture and rapid economic development, Henan has become one of the important provinces in China. Henan is a province rich in tourism resources, which is famous for its rich ancient cultural tourism resources.

For domestic and foreign tourists, especially those who are fascinated by exploring the origin of oriental culture and Chinese civilization, Henan is like a huge natural history museum, a textbook of China history and culture that can be seen, touched and touched. The oriental culture contained here is rich and profound, and its style is precious and unique.

Henan plays a very important role in the formation and development history of China's national culture and even the oriental culture. A large number of historical records and years of archaeological excavations prove that our ancestors started human civilization here at least 8,000 years ago, from the Xia Dynasty, the first dynasty in China in the 2nd1century BC, to the Jin Dynasty in the 3rd century A.D./Kloc-0. During these 3,500 years, more than 200 emperors of more than 20 dynasties built or moved their capitals here, leaving countless places of interest.

There are 96 state-level cultural relics protection units that can be called "national treasures", and the underground cultural relics rank first in the country, with a collection of 6.5438+0.3 million cultural relics, accounting for about one-eighth of the country. Among the seven ancient capitals of China, Luoyang, Kaifeng and Anyang are all in Henan, and there are also national historical and cultural cities such as Zhengzhou, Nanyang, Shangqiu and Xunxian.

Zhengzhou Xinzheng Huangdi's hometown, Dengfeng Shaolin Temple, Gongyi Song Ling, Luoyang Longmen Grottoes, Baima Temple, Yanshi Xuanzang's hometown, Kaifeng Songduyu Street, Baogong Temple, Anyang Yinxu, Youlicheng (the birthplace of Zhouyi), Sanmenxia Guoguo Cemetery Chemakeng, Hanguguan, Nanyang Wuhou Temple, Zhang Heng's Tomb and Yisheng. The provincial capitals Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Kaifeng and other ancient capitals now have new scenic spots.

Henan Museum was completed and opened in May, 1998. It is not only rich in collections, but also magnificent and unique in architecture. Many precious cultural relics and treasures are displayed to tourists here. The surrounding environment of Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, which has entered the ranks of world cultural heritage, has also been greatly improved.

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is a three-dimensional representation of the famous painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in Song Dynasty. Visitors can see the bustling markets, customs and customs in the Millennium ancient capital. Henan is an important birthplace of China's surname. Among the hundreds of surnames in China, at least one hundred surnames originated in Henan.

Among them, the four overseas surnames, including "Chen Lin spent a long time filling the streets", all originated in Henan. In recent years, with the rise of root-seeking tourism, an endless stream of overseas friends came to Henan to seek roots and worship their ancestors.

Henan is also the hometown of Kung Fu in China, Shaolin Temple in Songshan is the birthplace of profound Shaolin Wushu, and Chenjiagou in wen county is the hometown of Chen Tai Ji Chuan, the root of Tai Ji Chuan in China. Therefore, we say that exploring the source of culture and looking for the source of surnames has become a "bright spot" in Henan tourism activities in recent years.

Henan is not only rich in cultural tourism resources, but also has a unique natural landscape. The Yellow River flows through Henan for more than 700 kilometers. From the middle reaches to the lower reaches, there are not only the blue waves of Sanmenxia Reservoir, but also the magnificent Yellow River tourist area in Zhengzhou and the "hanging river" spectacle in Kaifeng, with an altitude of14m.

Xiaolangdi Water Control Project of the Yellow River has become the largest water surface in the north of the Yangtze River, with a width of 3 kilometers and a length of 1.32 kilometers, showing the magnificent landscape of Pinghu in Gaoxia. In recent years, "Great Yellow River Tour" and "Yellow River Drifting" have been praised by tourists as "full of wild interest and epic glory".

"Songshan Mountain in Zhengzhou, Longmen Mountain in Luoyang, Jigong Mountain in Xinyang, Yuntai Mountain in Jiaozuo, Wuwang in Jiyuan, Stone Man in Lushan Mountain and Lvlin in Linzhou are all national scenic spots. In addition, Baligou in Xinxiang, Baiyun Mountain in Song County and Qinglong Gorge in Jiaozuo have been opened and launched in recent years, attracting a large number of domestic and foreign tourists. In the past twenty years, the tourism industry in Henan Province has made great progress.

In 2002, Henan received more than 400,000 inbound tourists, and the tourism income was 654.38 billion US dollars+460 million yuan. The number of domestic tourists is more than 63 million, and the domestic tourism income is 40910.30 billion yuan. At present, there are 12 excellent tourist cities in China, such as Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Puyang, Jiyuan and Dengfeng, and 2 1 0 national AAAA scenic spots, such as Shaolin Temple, Guanlin Temple, Baima Temple, Longmen Grottoes, Riverside Garden on Qingming Festival and Baogong Temple.

There are 338 star-rated hotels and tourist hotels in the province. There are 3 five-star hotels, 4-star hotels 15 and 3-star hotels 1 13.

He 'nan is an important transportation hub in China. Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Nanyang have more than 800 flights to and from major cities in China every week, including Hongkong, Macau and Taibei.

Zhengzhou Xinzheng Airport is a first-class inland airport, with a flight zone grade of 4E, and has been approved as an international airport. Highway traffic in Henan extends in all directions. Expressway network closely connects Zhengzhou, the provincial capital, with Luoyang, Kaifeng, seven dynasties, Anyang, and Xuchang, the ancient capital of Cao Wei, forming a cross-shaped expressway structure centered on Zhengzhou. The driving time from Zhengzhou to the above cities is mostly between 50~ 100 minutes.

The railway transportation network with Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Shangqiu as hubs connects the four major railway trunk lines of Beijing-Guangzhou, Longhai, Liu Jiao and Beijing-Kowloon. Zhengzhou Railway Station has 2 18 passenger trains to all parts of the country every day.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) What are the important tourism resources in Henan? Ancient cultural sites 1. Nanzhao ape-man: The ape-man fossils found in nanzhao county, Nanyang, Henan Province prove that human beings lived in Henan about 500,000 to 600,000 years ago.

2. Xuchang people: In 2007, ancient human fossils dating back about 65,438+10,000 years were discovered in Xuchang, Henan. Its discovery and cooperation with other sites provide certain evidence that China people did not originate in Africa.

3. Jiahu Site: Located in Wuyang, Henan Province, about 9000 years ago. The world's earliest musical instrument, the world's earliest wine, the world's earliest symbols engraved with similar words and other world's earliest achievements of civilization have been discovered here, which has caused a sensation in the world and is considered as "the first threshold for mankind to move from ignorance to civilization". 4. Peiligang Culture: It was named after its discovery in Peiligang Village, Xinzheng, Henan Province about 8,000 years ago, and it is one of the sources of Chinese civilization.

5. Taihao Mausoleum: About 7000 years ago, it is located in Huaiyang County, Zhoukou, Henan Province. It is the No.1 Fuxi Mausoleum in Taihao, Huang San, and the first of the Ming Tombs in China 18. Founded in the Spring and Autumn Period, it was expanded in the Tang and Song Dynasties and perfected in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with 5 1 imperial sacrifice. Huaiyang, called "Wanqiu" in ancient times, is the capital and resting place of Fuxi and the capital of Shennong. It is considered to be the birthplace of surname culture, farming culture and dragon totem in China, and the holy land of China and Dongyi.

6. Yangshao Culture: It was named after it was discovered in Yangshao Village, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, about 5,000 to 7,000 years ago. This is the most extensive and typical ancient culture in the same period, and the archaeological excavation in Yangshao Village is also the beginning of modern archaeology in China.

7. Huangdi's Hometown: Xinzheng, Henan Province is recognized by domestic historians as the place where Xuanyuan Huangdi was born, started his business and built his capital. China people began to offer sacrifices to the Yellow Emperor, the ancestor of mankind, in Xuanyuanqiu, Xinzheng in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it has continued to this day.

The "ancestor worship ceremony in the hometown of the Yellow Emperor" has also become the first ceremony in China because it has been widely recognized by Chinese all over the world, and it is playing an increasingly important role in improving the cohesion of the Chinese nation. 8. Erlitou Culture: It was named after it was discovered in Erlitou, Yanshi, Luoyang about 4,000 years ago, and is considered as the capital of Xia Dynasty by academic circles.

The earliest bronze ritual vessels in China were unearthed here. 9. Zhengzhou Mall: Located in the center of Zhengzhou today, it is an important capital in the early Shang Dynasty.

This is one of the reasons why Zhengzhou became an ancient capital. 10, Yinxu, Anyang: The discovery of the world's largest bronze wares and Oracle Bone Inscriptions caused a sensation in the world, ranking first among human 10 archaeological discoveries in the 20th century, and Yinxu became a world cultural heritage without any dispute.

Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a relatively mature script, with about 5,000 commonly used characters, which is the only script handed down among the four ancient Chinese characters in the world. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, China will build the only Chinese character museum in the world-China Chinese Character Museum in Anyang.

1 1. Baima Temple: Located in Luoyang, it was founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is the first official temple built after Buddhism was introduced into China, and it is a powerful witness of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. Longmen Grottoes 12, Longmen Grottoes: Located in Luoyang, excavated after the Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang.

It is not only the product of cultural exchange between ethnic minorities and Han nationality, but also the product of cultural exchange between China and foreign countries. Especially the Rushena Buddha in Fengxian Temple, whose "Oriental Smile" combines divinity and humanity, masculinity and femininity, and has extremely high artistic value.

Longmen Grottoes are also listed as world cultural heritage because of their artistic value and historical significance. 13, Shaolin Temple: Located in Dengfeng, it is the birthplace of Zen and Shaolin Wushu.

After Buddhism was introduced into China, Shaolin monks merged it with China's Confucianism and Taoism and founded Zen. Zen Buddhism, a Japanese Buddhism, quickly spread to Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Southeast Asia and other parts of the country, and had a far-reaching impact on the history of flower path, tea ceremony, judo and bushido in China and China.

Shaolin Wushu is the best in the world, and Shaolin is the best in the world. Shaolin monks absorbed the achievements of world martial arts in their exchanges, and summed up more than 700 kinds of martial arts stunts such as Shaolin Boxing, Shaolin Stick, Yijinjing and Tiebu Shirt, which had a far-reaching impact on other martial arts schools. There are only forty or fifty kinds of boxing derived from Shaolin Boxing.

Shaolin's active participation in Shaolin Temple has made Shaolin Temple closely related to the history of China and played an important role in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Northern Song and Ming Dynasties. Shaolin became the "No.1 Temple in the World" because of its social responsibility, and Shaolin Wushu spread everywhere and further developed in actual combat. Shaolin keeps pace with the times, opens to the outside world, and actively joins the WTO, so that it has maintained its vigorous vitality. Today, after suffering, Zen and Shaolin Wushu are still full of vitality.

Today's Shaolin monks integrate modern culture such as Internet and marketing into Shaolin culture, and let Shaolin go to the world quickly. Shaolin has become a model for China culture to go global, and it has also become synonymous with China culture to a great extent.

14. Zhongyue Temple: Located in Songshan, it is the largest Taoist architectural complex among the five mountains, with an ancient building of 5 14. Zhongyue Temple was built in the Qin Dynasty. Later, emperors such as Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Empress Wu Zetian and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty expanded it after imitating the Forbidden City.

The existing Zhongyue Temple was built by Emperor Qianlong in imitation of the Forbidden City in Beijing. Because it resembles the Forbidden City, it is called "the Forbidden City in the deep mountains". Wuyue Mountain is sealed by Taoism, and Zhongyue Temple is the largest Taoist building in Wuyue Mountain, so Zhongyue Temple is considered as a symbol of Songshan's status.

15, Songyang Academy: Located in Songshan, Dengfeng, it is one of the four major academies in the Song Dynasty. Fan Zhongyan, Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao, Sima Guang and other great scholars have given lectures here, and some of Zi Tong Zhi Jian written by Sima Guang are here.

It's near Luoyang, where Ercheng merged Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and initially established Neo-Confucianism, which influenced China for 800 years. 16, Yingtian Academy: Located in Suiyang District, Shangqiu (called Yingtianfu in the Northern Song Dynasty), it is one of the four major academies in the Song Dynasty.

"Students come from thousands of miles" and "scholars from far and near all return", which means Yingtian Academy. Fan Zhongyan, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, studied here, settled in Shangqiu and served as bishop of Yingtian Academy.

17, Dengfeng Stargazing Observatory: Located in Dengfeng, it was built in the Yuan Dynasty and has a history of about 800 years. It is one of the earliest observatories in the world and the most important astronomical site in ancient China. Guo Shoujing, a great astronomer, has made astronomical achievements 30 1 year ahead of the west here, and the "time calendar" thus formulated has been used by China, Korea and Japan for more than 360 years.

Today, our country.

6. What land resources are there in Henan's natural resources? Henan's land area is167,000 square kilometers, ranking 17 in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China, accounting for about1.73% of the national total area; Among them, the cultivated land area is 7 1.792 million hectares. The terrain is basically high in the west and low in the east. Taihang Mountain, Funiu Mountain, Tongbai Mountain and Dabie Mountain in the north, west and south are distributed in a semicircle along the provincial boundary; The central and eastern part is the Huang-Huai-Hai alluvial plain; Nanyang basin is in the southwest. The mountainous and hilly area of the province is 74,000 square kilometers, accounting for 44.3% of the total area of the province; The plains and basins cover an area of 93,000 square kilometers, accounting for 55.7% of the total area. The complex and diverse land types provide very favorable conditions for the comprehensive development and diversified management of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery.

Mineral resources: Henan is one of the largest provinces in China with complete strata, complex geological structure, superior metallogenic conditions and abundant mineral resources. At present, 26 kinds of minerals 126 (including sub-minerals 157) have been discovered; 73 kinds of proven reserves (including 8 1 mineral); 85 species (including sub-mineral species 1 17 species) have been developed and utilized. Among them, there are 6 kinds of energy minerals, 27 kinds of metal minerals and 38 kinds of non-metal minerals. Among the mineral resources with proven reserves, there are 8 species in China, with the top 3 19 species, 27 species in the top 5 and 44 species in the top 10. Among them, molybdenum, kyanite, andalusite, trona, illite clay, clay for cement batching, perlite and nepheline syenite rank 1, sandstone for molds, refractory clay, crocidolite, natural oilstone for glass and tuff rank second, marble for magnesium, tungsten, rhenium, gallium, bauxite and cement rank third, and bauxite ranks third. Henan is also an important energy base, with the eighth oil reserves in China, with coal 10 and natural gas 1 1.

Water resources: Henan province spans the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River, with more than 500 rivers crisscrossing 1000, and 493 rivers with a basin area of1000 square kilometers. The total water resources in the province is 41300 million cubic meters, ranking 19 in the country. The per capita possession of water resources is 440 cubic meters, ranking 22nd in the country, accounting for one fifth of the country and one twentieth of the world. The reserve of hydraulic resources is 4.905 million kilowatts, and the exploitable amount is 365.438+0.5 kilowatts.

At present, the province has built 2347 reservoirs with a total storage capacity of 27 billion cubic meters. The effective irrigated area of agriculture is 4.79 million hectares. Xiaolangdi Water Control Project on the Yellow River is a large-scale water conservancy project across the century in China, which was completed in 200 1 year.

Tourism resources: Henan is rich in tourism resources. Shaolin Temple, Longmen Grottoes, Long Ting, Suoguo Temple, Yin Ruins and other historical and cultural resources are well-known at home and abroad, and Songshan Mountain, Yuntai Mountain, Yellow River and other famous mountains and rivers crisscross. Tourism resources featuring ancient (ancient culture), river (Yellow River), boxing (Shaolin Temple, Taiji Biography), roots (seeking roots and ancestors) and flowers (peony in Luoyang, chrysanthemum in Kaifeng) are a major advantage of Henan's tourism development. In recent years, the "Three Points and One Line" along Huang Zhi has become an excellent tourist route in our province. There are more than 100 scenic spots in Henan. There are 25 key scenic spots in the province, including 5 national scenic spots such as Jigongshan, Songshan, Longmen, Wuwang and Yuntai Mountain, and 20 provincial scenic spots such as Shiren, Huancuiyu and Yellow River. There are 23 nature reserves. Rich and colorful tourism resources provide unique conditions for the development of Henan tourism.