What is the form, quality and image in photographic composition? What are the two combinations of shapes?

The easiest way to highlight the subject in photographic composition is to put the subject in the center of the picture. Because people and things are in the center of the rectangular picture, the whole photo has a special stability.

A Deco, a photographer from the Soviet Union, pointed out that this composition method of placing the subject in the center of the picture is one of the most effective artistic methods to deal with the theme. However, when using this composition method, people and things should be arranged very carefully, because putting the subject in the geometric center of the picture often makes the picture look dull. For example, some beginners often arrange the subject in the center of the shooting range, with their faces facing the camera and their eyes staring at the camera. As a result, the photo looks dull, and there are blanks of the same size around the picture. This composition is more suitable for shooting sports-related themes. Deco classifies the methods commonly used in photography practice to highlight the theme into the following categories:

1. The main performance object is close-up or close-up shot, which requires close-up shooting, and there is only a small space in the picture range.

2. Place the subject in the foreground, so that the picture can contain enough space to become a Zhang Quanjing photo.

3. Make the subject and background have appropriate differences in tone or tone, or form sharp contrast.

4. Emphasize the main part of the composition with light to make it the brightest.

5。 Focus on the main body accurately, so that the secondary part or background loses clarity.

6. Make the main line in the picture gather to the meaning center and emphasize it with light spots. This method is often used to represent the inside.

7. Set the subject at or near the center of the picture. If there is nothing particularly eye-catching nearby, the audience will first notice the subject.

8. Use the shooting angle to emphasize the subject. However, it should be noted that extreme depression angle or elevation angle should not be applied.

Deco believes that light is the most effective modeling method, which can make full use of light to emphasize the subject. The following lighting conditions can highlight the three-dimensional modeling, spatial sense and surface structure of the subject.

For example, a darker foreground and a brighter background. Can emphasize the subject's sense of spatial depth; On the background of talking about color, the outline shape of dark figure can be well described; Similarly, the light-colored posture will be very clear on the dark background; The alternate changes of expressive light and shade and the harmonious tone level on the surface of the object make the object look similar to the original, so the photo vividly shows the actual subject.

Katherine Calhoun, an American photographer, pointed out that when people look at photos, they often notice the bright part of the photos first, and they think it is the center of interest. Therefore, when the subject is in the shadow, he puts forward two alternative methods to highlight the subject. "The most feasible way is to be close to the subject and try to avoid the bright areas around. If it really doesn't work, you can use an auxiliary flash to illuminate the subject slightly, or use a white reflector or reflector to reflect the excess light onto the subject when the light contrast is not too great. This will also help. You can even overexpose the photo, that is, expose it according to the shadow, so that the brighter part of the picture loses its layering. Although the latter technique is difficult to use, in some cases, it may be a better way to deal with the lack of illumination in the subject, because it can also weaken the color of the background. "