Pinhole-pinhole phenomenon

Opening a small hole in the front of the opaque black box will form an image at the back of the black box, which is an inverted negative image. This is the optical principle of pinhole imaging. The camera was invented according to this principle. Since the invention of photography 100 years ago, the image of the object, and then, someone changed the hole into a lens, thus forming the prototype of the camera structure. With the development of modern science and technology, the functions and production materials of cameras are constantly improving and perfecting. But both the early wooden box camera and the latest digital camera are developed from the simplest principle of pinhole imaging.

In contrast to the almost crazy development of camera technology, a group of photographers don't need cameras at all, don't need expensive lenses and bodies, and just need a cardboard box full of garbage to be used as cameras. Their specific method is to open a small hole in the front of the opaque black box, and the scene in front of the black box will form an image in the back of the black box. Film or photographic paper will be exposed at the imaging place, and after development, it will be a pinhole imaging photographic work. Pinhole imaging photography is a technical retro after the dazzling development of electronic technology, which can be said to be a nostalgia and tribute to the primitive handicraft era in the digital age.

history

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Mo Zhai's Mo Jing recorded and explained the phenomenon of pinhole imaging, which was the earliest exposition on pinhole imaging in the world. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo did many experiments on the basis of previous studies on pinhole imaging, and his book Meng Qian Bi Tan recorded pinhole imaging in detail. He made a small hole in the paper window, so that the shadow of the tower flying kites outside the window could be imaged on the paper curtain indoors. He pointed out: "... if a kite flies in the air, its shadow moves with the kite, or it is tied by a window in the middle, and the kite is connected with the shadow. The east of the kite is the shadow of the west, and the kite is the shadow of the east. For example, the window gap is the shadow of the tower, and it is tied by the window in the middle, which is also upside down ... "

/kloc-in the 7th century, the Austrian Kepler made a portable camera box. /kloc-in the 0/8th century, someone put a lens in a camera box and it became a mirror box. This is the prototype of the camera. 18 12 years, the crescent lens of William Hyde wollaston in England increased the luminous flux of the mirror box. In 1839, Daguerre invented the camera for silver plate photography, which was a double-wood structure, with a length of 10.5 inch, a height of 125 inch and a weight of110.0 pound. The lens consists of two wollaston crescent lenses, and the mirror box can be gathered back and forth. Since then, photography and video technology have been developing continuously. After entering the 2 1 century, the mainstream position of traditional mechanical cameras has gradually been replaced by electronic digital cameras.