How to take a picture with a clear subject and a blurred background?

This problem is technically called depth of field problem. The effect you are talking about is called small depth of field. The so-called depth of field is the range that can still be clearly seen before and after the focal length is aimed at a certain point. It can decide whether to blur the background to highlight the subject or shoot a clear background. We can often see the blurred background (called small depth of field) in photos of flowers, insects and so on. However, when taking commemorative photos, group photos, scenery and other photos, the background is generally as clear as the subject (called large depth of field). The distance between the aperture, the lens and the object is an important factor affecting the depth of field: 1. The larger the aperture, the smaller the depth of field, and the smaller the aperture, the greater the depth of field. 2. The longer the focal length of the lens, the smaller the depth of field; Conversely, the greater the depth of field. 3. The closer the subject is, the smaller the depth of field is, and the farther the subject is, the greater the depth of field is. So the way to shoot a small depth of field is to shoot as close as possible to the subject with the longest focal length and the largest aperture. So it can be said that not all cameras can shoot the effect of small depth of field. A camera that can shoot a small depth of field should be telephoto and have the function of manually adjusting the aperture (and the aperture of the camera itself should not be too small). This is not just a professional camera. Most home telephoto models can shoot small depth of field, such as Fuji S6500, S9600, Canon S3 IS, Sony H5, Panasonic FZ50, FZ30 and so on. Some people will say that an ordinary camera will do. Ordinary cameras have macro shooting function, and this lens can shoot this effect. What I said seems to have some truth. But you should know that shallow depth of field can be obtained in this mode, but there is still a distance between this shallow depth of field and the real shallow depth of field. From a practical point of view, it can't be completely blurred. The general macro shooting function is set for everyone to use when shooting some small things at close range, and it is not suitable at other times.