How to shoot the total solar eclipse?

As long as the camera can work normally, it can shoot the solar eclipse, but it is very important not to shoot the sun directly before installing the filter, otherwise it will easily cause damage to CCD or CMOS components! ?

Let's share with you some knowledge about solar eclipse shooting, which is mainly for the public. Daniel can avoid watching it.

1. The choice of lens filter?

Be sure to use a filter, preferably a professional one, of which Budd membrane is the first one. ?

If there is no professional filter and Budd film, there are two materials: plastic and glass. Plastic film can be made of photosensitive film, medical X-ray film, etc. (remember to stack several layers), the color difference is small, but it will spread to a certain extent, reducing the clarity of the photo. Glass materials are easily obtained by welding filters, which are generally available in hardware and electrical accessories stores. The color difference is small, but it will spread to a certain extent, reducing the clarity of the photo. ?

2. Home camera strategy?

Zero, Budd film close to the camera?

First, in order to make the sun as big as possible, the maximum focal length must be used; ?

Second, use the landscape (perspective) mode ["P" file or automatic file can also be used] and turn off the flash; ?

Third, when shooting, you can put the camera close to railings, colonnades and other supports. In order to reduce shaking, it is best to use a tripod; Because you may have to turn on the light after dinner, remember to avoid the street lights?

Fourth, the calibration time and battery must be sufficient?

Ps 1？ The rare mercury is in the east of the sun, so don't miss it.

Ps2？ The displacement of the sun will be great, so we should carefully choose the observation site and not be blocked by tall buildings?

3. A short summary?

The process of solar eclipse:

Initial loss: Take time to focus and test the exposure time as usual when shooting the sun. It is best to have an overall plan in advance, such as taking a picture every 3 or 5 minutes. ?

Edible food: carefully remove the dimmer board a few minutes before eating (Bader film, which will not be explained later) and prepare to grab Bailey beads. Then gradually adjust the exposure time and shoot continuously. The exposure time gradually slows down from the fastest, for example: 1/8000 seconds-1 second?

Eat a lot: shoot as many times as possible during the total lunar eclipse, plan ahead, and arrange the exposure speed according to the length of the total lunar eclipse and the average speed of each shooting. It is recommended to speed up the exposure after eating too much. ?

Cold light: Before cold light, the exposure speed is accelerated to 1/2000s- 1/8000s, and Bailey Beads are ready to take a snapshot. ?

Last contact: after lighting, add a dimmer to shoot the partial solar eclipse. ?

Attention when shooting:?

Dimming of telescope:?

It must be firm, reliable, easy to take off and easy to install. Be safe. ?

Neutral density filter: 5-6cm in diameter (limiting the aperture of the telescope). Note: focusing is a problem. Due to the quality of the lens, it will affect the focal length. ?

4. SLR special?

First, sugar-coated haws?

The following picture shows the Sugar-Coated Berry series (Madrid, Spain, 2005.438+00.3). Three key words: multiple exposure, fixed bracket, combined with landscape composition. ?

Using multiple exposures of the camera, the whole solar eclipse process can be photographed intermittently on the same negative. Of course, most of them now use post-stack. Pay attention to keep the tripod absolutely stable and use the cable to release it. ?

When shooting, we must first make clear the path and span of the solar eclipse in the sky to avoid the sun leaving the field of vision before the shooting is completed. The span is generally within 90 degrees, and a 24mm lens is enough. To predict the route of the sun, make a shooting plan according to the duration and span, and determine when to start shooting, how often to shoot and when to end. The best composition is the diagonal of the negative.

A complete shooting may take dozens of times and several hours to finish. When the lens is directly facing the sun for such a long time, it is easy to burn out the shutter curtain and then burn out the photosensitive element, so it is necessary to prepare the dark filter in advance.

Multiple exposures should also strictly calculate the exposure of each sheet to prevent overexposure. If it is at night, we should also consider the light pollution in big cities. It is much easier to use digital post-superposition. ?

Need to be reminded that exposure during total solar eclipse will increase exposure time. The shooting of "Tanghulu String" generally requires twenty or thirty exposures. Nikon's digital SLR can be exposed many times, but the D200 can be exposed at most 10 times. Canon's digital SLR cannot be exposed many times. Canon's film can be exposed up to nine times, and can be increased at will before shooting nine times. So in theory, a negative can be exposed countless times. If there is no camera with multiple exposures, it can be synthesized by software after shooting. ?

Second, the corona?

There are three main shooting targets in the total solar eclipse stage, one is the prominence, the other is the inner corona and the third is the outer corona. There are other stars.

On the periphery of the sun, there is a corona darker than chromosphere, which can only be observed during the total solar eclipse. The size of the corona will change with the movement of the solar magnetic field. At the peak of solar activity, the corona will be more obvious and wider. There are also some flame jets on the sun from time to time, called prominences. These prominences can only be seen during a total solar eclipse because their temperature is very low. Among them, the inner corona is as bright as the full moon, the outer corona is nearly 100 times darker, and the prominence is brighter than the inner corona.

During the total solar eclipse, there will be a moment of darkness, allowing observers to see bright stars in the sky.

The following "solar eclipse photography exposure parameter table" shows the exposure parameters of these three targets under different conditions, which has high reference value. However, it is not necessary to strictly follow this exposure meter in actual shooting. Exposure value can achieve good results by increasing or decreasing some, and at the same time, we should also consider the influence of clouds and fog in the sky and the height of the sun on the light intensity. In addition, because the outer corona may extend far beyond the diameter of a sun, in order to capture the whole corona as much as possible, we should try our best to ensure that the sun is in the center of the picture, and adjust the angle of the camera in time to make the long axis of the corona on the diagonal of the picture. ?

Corona shooting can't add lightening material in front of the camera. Generally, the diameter of the sun should not exceed 1/5 of the side length of the picture. If you use a 135 full-frame camera, you should use a lens of 300-800 mm. What is the CCD of digital SLR camera in APS format? 22.5x 15mm, 200-500mm lens should be used. Reference exposure combination: ISO 100, F/ 1 1, 1 sec-1/30 sec. You can also use positive and negative bracketing exposure, that is, you can take three different photos of exposure value at a time, and one exposure is the most suitable. Shooting with closed exposure, one is to save time; Second, one of the photos was exposed more accurately. If time and conditions permit, we can shoot with different focal lengths (500 to 2000mm), different aperture shutter combinations and different exposure value (EV), that is, underexposure and overexposure. In this way, the probability of taking a prominence is high. ?

When shooting the corona, almost any exposure time will have a good effect because of the huge difference in brightness between the inner corona and the outer corona?

Third, Billy Zhu?

In the area where the total solar eclipse occurs, the phenomena such as the edge of the total solar eclipse and the corona can be photographed. The skills are as follows:

First, a few seconds before the eclipse, remove the filter in front of the telescope or telephoto lens; ?

2. Set the camera to the automatic (P) file or the aperture priority (A) file, and the manual (M) file cannot be used, because the exposure adjustment of the manual (M) file cannot change with the light of the subject when the brightness of Billy Bead changes; ?

Third, adjust the camera shooting mode to your partner? ; ?

Fourth, focus manually and adjust the focal length to infinity. ?

Five, exposure value is zero EV. ?

6. Adjust the sensitivity (ISO) to 100 or 200. Press the shutter when the eclipse still appears for two or three seconds. So you can film the whole process of Belle Pearl. After filming, see if the exposure is accurate. If the exposure is slightly overexposed, the exposure value will be slightly lowered next time (before lighting). If the exposure is a little insufficient, the exposure value should be slightly higher next time (before lighting). ?

Fourth, according to the earth on the moon.

Another interesting project during the total solar eclipse was to photograph the earth on the moon.

Looking at the earth from the dark side of the moon during the total lunar eclipse is like a full moon, which is very bright. So the dark side of the moon will actually be illuminated by the earth, but the brightness is so much worse than the corona that we can't see it with the naked eye. However, if we greatly extend the exposure time, we can capture the details of the dark side of the moon. According to experience, f/8 equipment, ISO? 1600, 1/3 seconds exposure can take the whole picture of the earth, and you can set the exposure parameters flexibly according to your own specific situation. ?

5. Important reminder

First, plan carefully.

Second, if you shoot directly with a telephoto lens, remember to remove the filter added in front of the lens, such as a UV mirror.