Characteristic towns are "life and death": without the support of "characteristic industries", they will be eliminated sooner or later.

The list shows that some characteristic towns flooded into130,000 tourists three days before the opening, but the bustling scene was only a flash in the pan, most shops closed down, and the once-infinite awning boat came to the dry land from the water;

Some towns have invested billions of yuan, claiming to build a modern eco-tourism town integrating industry, housing and living services, and finally only built a core area and called it a day;

Some leaders at all levels are very concerned about the construction of small towns, and they have been to the construction site again and again, but they came to an abrupt end three years before the construction acceptance.

These small towns either copy other people's models, are not creative, lose their own characteristics, and have unclear positioning. Either the supporting facilities are not perfect and there is no industrial support. Either the government's promise has not been fulfilled and the funds have been cut off. ...

In short, there are thousands of reasons for the failure of a characteristic town. But also, there are thousands of reasons for the success of characteristic towns.

Open the knife to the characteristic town of "disappointing"

On August 17, the Spring City Evening News in Kunming, Yunnan reported that due to the lack of public services and heavy industry, the Office of the Leading Group for the Development of Characteristic Towns in Yunnan Province gave yellow cards to three characteristic towns: Hulu Town in Wengding, Lincang, Guanglong Tourism Town in Chengjiang, Yuxi and Shaxi Ancient Town in Jianchuan, Dali.

The Office of the Leading Group for the Development of Characteristic Towns in Yunnan Province decided to give these three characteristic towns a yellow card warning and set a deadline of three months for rectification. If the rectification is not in place, the reward funds will be recovered and the list will be revoked.

He analyzed that, first, there are widespread conceptual errors. In particular, it confuses the concepts of characteristic towns and characteristic towns, mistakenly thinks that characteristic towns are administrative towns and small towns, and then introduces enterprises and funds to remote small towns with no development space at this stage, which violates economic laws; Second, there are some local government debt risks. A few city and county governments with high debt ratio and relying on higher-level financial transfer payments to maintain their operations do not pay attention to attracting investment to develop characteristic towns, but rely on financing platform companies under the government to build debts, which may amplify financial risks; Third, there are some signs of real estate. The proportion of residential land in some characteristic towns is too high, and the industrial land is obviously insufficient.

Sun Yat-sen University and other institutions recently released the "Research Report on Characteristic Towns in China (20 19)", which holds that at present, the development of characteristic towns in China faces eight problems to be solved urgently.

These eight aspects are: there are many lead institutions for policy documents, and some standards are not uniform; There is no special policy system for characteristic towns; Lack of understanding of the creation of characteristic towns; The organization of characteristic towns is not perfect; Lack of scientific and reasonable planning; Blindly follow the trend from the local reality; The motive of local government construction is impure and improper; Traditional culture and heritage protection are not enough.

On February 2, 20 19, tourists visited Gubei Water Town. Photography/Zhang Ke

Research institutions found that some places proposed to cultivate about 30 national characteristic towns, build about 100 provincial characteristic towns and build about 200 municipal characteristic towns in about three years. Enthusiastic about making a fuss about the number of characteristic towns, pursuing various policy dividends, creating a sensation effect in a short time, and a few places even evolved into a "face project" in the new era.

Some local governments failed to adjust measures to local conditions, and adopted the idea of "building towns first, then developing industries" without fully investigating urban resources and clarifying the direction of urban development. In particular, some real estate developers promote real estate development in the name of "building nests", which not only cannot guarantee the success of "attracting phoenix", but also easily leads to the phenomenon of "fake real estate in the town".

In a conference room at the foot of Xishan Mountain, Pang Bo, Secretary General of China Development Forum, also studied the problem of characteristic towns for a long time. In the past two years, China Development Forum, together with the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau, has been studying and promoting small towns with forest characteristics.

However, in the field investigation, Pang Bo and other experts also noticed that the current construction of forest towns mainly focuses on developing the tertiary industry, focusing on eco-tourism projects, with a single business model and little development around the main landscape. The operation of forest towns is very seasonal, with strong peak season and weak off-season.

"Characteristic industry" supports "characteristic town"

Statistics show that Tang Xi Ancient Town, Tongli Ancient Town, Wuzhen, Gubei Water Town, Zhouzhuang, Nanxun Town, Dali Ancient Town, Old Town of Lijiang and Pingyao Ancient Town are all popular ancient towns during the May Day holiday this year.

Wuzhen is one of the six ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River, with a history of 1300 years. Although the development of Wuzhen is later than that of Zhouzhuang and Xitang 10 year, it is a 5A-level ancient town in China with an annual income of over1600 million yuan.

Characteristic towns should not only have distinctive industrial characteristics, but also be suitable for industry, living and traveling. Jiangsu Suzhou embroidery town takes the development of Suzhou embroidery industry as the core, and creates a pleasant living environment and a sustainable ecological environment while realizing the high-end gathering and integrated development of Suzhou embroidery industry. At present, there are about 120 enterprises in the town, with an investment of 700 million yuan in characteristic industries and nearly 10000 employees.

Lulang Scenic Spot, a characteristic town in Linzhi City, Xizang Autonomous Region. Photography/Zhang Ke

Xie Binhui introduced that there are several kinds of income for the original households in Lulang Town: livestock income, one yak is worth10.8 million yuan to 20,000 yuan, and some herder families have dozens of yaks, and the annual income of yak meat and milk is about 500,000 yuan; Grassland ecological incentive funds. At present, the national subsidy standard is 7.5 yuan per mu per year for grazing-forbidden grassland and 2.5 yuan per mu per year for grass-livestock balanced grassland. The income from homestay, business and work is also several hundred thousand yuan every year.

Fujian Ningde lithium ion new energy town construction experience has recently been publicly recommended by the National Development and Reform Commission. This small town has tourist attractions such as Miantao Mountain, Beishi Mountain and Gaoding Mountain, as well as supporting projects of Chi Jian Lake and sea area. More importantly, it is based on new energy industry.

At present, there are about 40 enterprises in Ningde Lithium-ion New Energy Town, Fujian Province, with a built-up area of 3,500 mu and a population of 40,000. The investment in characteristic industries is 2 1 100 million yuan, the annual tax payment is 2.7 billion yuan, and there are 2 17 invention patents.

Around the lithium battery culture, Fujian Ningde Lithium Battery New Energy Town plans to build a new energy 4DVR experience hall, a double-creation center, an experience avenue, a driverless experience lane, a new energy cruise ship and a yacht. , build a green electric town, superimpose the natural beauty of Chi Jian Lake, and create a cultural town with unique characteristics of lithium battery new energy.

Professor and doctoral supervisor of Tourism College of Sun Yat-sen University once thought that the creation of characteristic towns has many contents and covers a wide range. Government departments at all levels should not only regularly issue guidance on the construction of characteristic towns and publish the list of characteristic towns, but also gradually formulate special policies, supporting implementation plans or implementation details to form a complete policy system to ensure that characteristic towns have document guidance, policy support and legal withdrawal in a series of links such as selection, operation, implementation, guarantee, reward and punishment.

At the same time, formulate special financial policies for the development of characteristic towns, improve investment and financing mechanisms, and provide support for local governments, banks, enterprises, individuals and other characteristic towns, especially through innovative financial policy systems such as risk compensation policies, credit guarantee policies, and PPP financing policies to facilitate corporate financing.