Hong Kong-Kowloon Bus (KMB) in 1960s and 1970s

In 1960s, the shares of 196 1 KMB began to be listed on the stock exchanges in China and Hongkong at that time. In 1970s, 1972 was the turning point of KMB. KMB, which has been providing bus services to Kowloon and the New Territories, entered Hong Kong Island in China for the first time when the Cross-Harbour Tunnel was officially opened to traffic. At 1972, KMB has innovated the way passengers pay fares. Early buses were equipped with a conductor and a ticket inspector. They walked back and forth on the bus. The conductor is responsible for selling tickets, the ticket inspector is responsible for checking tickets, and passengers who have not purchased tickets have to make up their tickets. The cost of getting on the bus at the same station may be different, depending on the length of the drive. Because there are gates before and after the bus for passengers to get on and off freely, some passengers get off at the station before the conductor arrives, so there is no need to make up the ticket. In order to reduce ticket evasion and manpower, after several months of testing, KMB officially adopted the one-person control mode from 1972, that is, a cash box was installed in the bus compartment near the cab, and the driver also served as an inspector to monitor whether each passenger had invested enough fare in the cash box. After that, regardless of the distance, passengers who get on the bus at the same station must get on the bus at the front door and pay the uniform fare immediately. 1975 KMB launched a luxury bus route service to attract drivers to transfer to buses. KMB operated luxury bus routes in 1970s and 1980s, such as 200 (Airport? Central) and 20 1 (airport? Tsim Sha Tsui), etc. However, these routes were later cancelled or reorganized, and so far only Line 208 is in operation.

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1975: the luxury bus economy has taken off and formed a wealthy class. Bus companies not only began to provide popular bus services, but also began to provide "luxury buses" with slightly higher charges and high quality, which operated in noble residential areas and airport buses for tourists. 1975, KMB purchased 100 Albion luxury buses, operated several 200 series bus routes, and started bus service at Kai Tak Airport. 1978 CMB introduced Metrobus double-decker buses to operate routes 260 and 262 from Central to Stanley and Chung Hom Kok. 1973: Rear Engine+Treasure Bus Most buses before the 1960s were front engines, and the design capacity of the half cab was limited. The bus design is innovative, and the rear-engine bus was introduced to China and Hongkong in 1970s, which made the car more spacious, and the driver didn't have to accompany the engine noise and heat all the time. 1973, CMB purchased Daimler Fleetline, and took the lead in adopting the design of three plus two seats, which greatly increased the passenger capacity, and the platform was lower than the traditional model, making it easy to get on and off. Since then, the large-capacity "treasure bus" has become the mainstream, and three plus two seats is the bus standard at this time. 1972: the cross-harbour tunnel broke the monopoly and was opened to traffic in August 1972, thus connecting China, Hongkong and Kowloon. KMB and CMB began to jointly operate cross-harbour buses, and KMB and CMB operated in both places. The "regional patent" has existed in name only. 197 1: One person controls a bus. All along, every bus has a conductor and a guard besides the driver. In 1970s, in order to save cost and simplify operation, the concept of one-person operation (OMO) was born, which made the bus enter a brand-new era. OMO is operated by the driver and there is no ticket. After getting on the bus, the passengers put the fare in the cash box, without change. China Merchants Bank took the lead in piloting OMO in 197 1. However, due to design limitations, it is difficult for many buses to adopt OMO. The two buses can only gradually modify the old buses, reposition the doors and let passengers get on the bus in the nearest driver's seat. KMB has to go through the transition period of "one driver and one conditional operator" (OCO), and it was not until 1983 that one-person control was fully implemented.

Reference: busfan world/bushistory/ Hong Kong