How to take good scenery photos with Pentax K-3 camera

First of all, read the manual carefully to understand the parameters and functions. It is not required to memorize them, but only what functions and parameters can be adjusted and where to adjust them. If you forget, turn over the manual.

The rest has nothing to do with the camera. Find a book on landscape photography for self-study, shoot more and summarize more.

I'll give you an article for reference:

How to take a good picture of scenery

Abstract: If you want to take a good picture of scenery, you must constantly improve your self-cultivation and integrate the natural landscape into your unique opinions; At the same time, we should constantly improve our skills and know how to choose the right lens, location and aperture/shutter combination. In order to take a beautiful landscape photo, the application of basic photography skills should not be ignored under any circumstances. However, the use of any skill should serve as a foil and render the theme. Works that play with skills too much can only make people feel bizarre and distorted, and cannot form the aesthetic feeling of the picture

Keywords: landscape photography skills lens aperture shutter

1 Characteristics of landscape photography

1 The subject matter is wide, and the subject matter of landscape photography is very extensive. The magnificent scenery of famous mountains and rivers, & 127; The flourishing scene of industrial base, the attractive scenery of rural fields, the brand-new look of urban construction, the customs of ethnic minorities and so on provide inexhaustible rich materials for landscape photography.

2 Scenery photos with deep artistic conception are good at expressing feelings with scenery, which expresses or entrusts people's thoughts and feelings through vivid description of natural scenery. Therefore, landscape photos generally have a deep artistic conception, which can arouse people's deep association.

An experienced photographer is always good at finding the most poetic images in natural scenery and expressing them on the screen with photographic art skills. Therefore, a good landscape photo is not only a simple expression of natural appearance, but also a simple pursuit of formal beauty, color and brilliance, and should have a profound theme.

3 The beauty of the picture and the beauty of nature, after the photographer's artistic conception and technical processing, have become beautiful scenery photos. The beauty of the picture directly serves the content of the photo. In order to deeply express the theme of the photo, when taking a view, the scenery unrelated to the theme should not be included in the composition of the picture. Because, if you only pay attention to the formal decoration, it will often reduce the appeal of photos.

4. The colors of all kinds of natural scenery are extremely rich. When these scenes are recorded on color sensitive films, the colors of landscape photos are particularly rich and bright. Even if it is recorded on a black photographic film, the level of the scene is very rich. This is another feature that distinguishes landscape photography from other photography.

2 General requirements for landscape photography

1 The theme should be distinct. Before taking landscape photos, you must have a clear shooting intention, and you must have an idea about the theme and performance of the photos. According to this requirement, when taking landscape photos, we should boldly choose and avoid unnecessary and messy scenery from the picture, so that the subject can be in a major position in terms of location, size and color contrast. Make the picture concentrated, vivid and beautiful.

2 the characteristics should be grasped, and the photos should reflect different local characteristics, so as to greatly enhance the expressive force of the photos.

When shooting industrial scenery, urban scenery and rural scenery, we should not only reflect the regional characteristics, but also pay attention to the characteristics of the times, and shoot those pictures that best reflect the essence of our times.

3 it is the main task of landscape photography to highlight the pictures that show the new things and new features of nature in China, and it is also the focus of shooting. Scenery such as wind, flowers, snow, moon, small bridges and flowing water can certainly adjust people's spiritual and cultural life, but they cannot be expressed as key points.

3 landscape photography composition

1 attractive scenery composition The first step is to find an attractive scenery. Photography is not simply picking up the camera and pressing the shutter. Before pressing the shutter, you should ask yourself, what attracts you to this scene? Is it color? Clouds? Reflection? Or the sunset? . . . After determining the subject, the next step is how to express it. Usually, the subject should be of sufficient size to attract attention. If the subject is too small, it will not become the subject. At this time, it is necessary to use a longer focal length or post-cutting to deal with it.

2 To avoid the most common mistake made by beginners in photography is to put the most attractive scenery in the middle. Indeed, the scenery in the middle is the easiest to attract people's attention, but a good photo should attract readers' attention and guide them to other places. If an attractive object is placed in the middle, it is easy to focus only on that object and make the picture dull. At the same time, try not to put the horizontal line in the middle of the picture, because then it will easily lead to inconspicuous primary and secondary, and I don't know whether to express the sky or the ground. But sometimes when the sky and the ground are equally important, I also put the horizontal line in the middle.

3 since the rule of composition is to avoid being centered, we should know the so-called "ruleof the thirds", also known as "golden section", and "nine-grid palace" and "rule of composition" are the basic rules, which means: draw two horizontal lines at 1/3 and 2/3 positions horizontally and at 1/3 and 2 vertically.

4 Foreground Because we have two eyes, the world we see is three-dimensional, but the photos are two-dimensional. It is not easy to express three-dimensional in two-dimensional photos. Our brains tell us that large objects are relatively close and small objects are relatively far away, so people can feel the distance by comparing the sizes of the objects in the photos. In the world of photography, the effect of telephoto shooting is to' compress' the scenery together, while the effect of wide angle is to narrow the distant scenery and make people feel distant. Therefore, in this occasion, we generally use a wide-angle lens.

5 Some people simply say that photography is' subtraction', that is to say, it is best to remove all the objects irrelevant to the theme from the picture, and the simpler the better. I agree with this view, especially for beginners, composition should start with simplicity.

6 lead-in line "lead-in line" as its name implies is the path that leads readers' eyes into the picture. The lead-in line is a path, a small bridge and a small river. . . Or any object introduced into the picture. Usually, the lead-in line should guide the reader to the most attractive place in the picture, and should try to avoid guiding the reader out of the picture. The lead-in line is a part of the picture, so the lead-in line itself should be attractive and should be in harmony with other parts of the picture.

7 sky in landscape photography, the sky is a very important part, and many times the sky is the main part of composition, and the beauty of many natural imaginations in nature is enough to shock people. Therefore, a good photographer should always pay attention to the changes of the weather, so as to sum up some natural laws, such as the sunset glow after the rain is the most beautiful, and if the sun shines after the rain, you will see a rainbow and so on. . .

8 Everything in the world has textures, and beautiful textures can easily attract people. Every time I talk about beautiful textures, it always reminds me of desert textures.

4 Landscape photography practice

1 The scenery taken in landscape photos should be clear before and after and have a certain depth, so as to increase the expressive force. Backlight can strengthen the air perspective and distinguish the distance between the foreground and the background from the tone. The use of color filters can also enhance or weaken the sense of perspective. When shooting scenery in the morning or evening, you can make use of clouds to make the scenery have a perspective effect of far light and near thick, and increase the sense of space in the photo. Because clouds can reflect sunlight, the fog is thick in the distance, the reflected light is strong, and the negative film is more sensitive, so the color of the scene is light; The fog nearby is thin, the reflected light is weak, the negative film is less sensitive, and the color of the scene is strong.

2 Time means a landscape photo, and you should tell the time when it was taken. Early in the morning, the prospect was shrouded in dense fog and looked hazy. At this time, the sun comes out of the east and scatters light through the morning fog, which can give people a fresh and pleasing feeling and make progress. In the evening, the fiery red sunset gives off a gorgeous glow, which puts heavy clothes on the surrounding scenery and is photographed with appropriate color filters, making the atmosphere of the picture more intense and infectious. When shooting urban scenery and industrial scenery, you can use the night lights to render the atmosphere of night activities.

3 The performance of the weather. Landscape photos are used to explain the background of the picture, enhance the artistic effect, and often pay great attention to the performance of the weather. Shooting rain and fog scenes, the light changes due to the reflection of rain and fog. Sometimes good results can be obtained. If you shoot in the sun, the front and back scenes are easy to overlap and difficult to distinguish, and sometimes the use of color filters is not very effective. However, in rainy and foggy days, the effect of the photos is very different. The reflection of drizzling water can reflect the scenery and lights into reflections, making the picture very beautiful.

The effect of the snow scene is also unique. When it snows, the light is dim, so it is difficult to express the feeling of shooting snow. When the sun shines directly on the snow on the ground, there will be a scene with bright snow surface and bright scenery. At this time, if you add a yellow filter and shoot against the light, the tone level of the snow will be rich and the texture of the snow will be stronger. Snow has a strong ability to reflect light, so you should wear a hood when shooting to avoid the reflected light entering the lens. The exposure time of backlight shooting should be calculated according to the dark part of the scene.

Clouds can decorate landscape photos, enrich content and adjust picture composition. Common clouds include floating clouds, clouds, sheet clouds, strip clouds, fish scale clouds, sea of clouds, etc., which should be selected according to seasonal characteristics and photo content. When shooting, add light yellow and medium yellow filters to increase the effect of clouds.

4 focus adjustment landscape photos should not be blurred, it will make people feel unhappy. Therefore, we should aim at the main subject to adjust the focus, so that the clearer the foreground, the better.

if you use a small camera and a wide-angle lens, you can ensure the necessary clarity in almost any case of shooting scenery. But such clarity is not good for the whole depth performance of the photo, because the artistic conception of the photo is weakened, and the scenery is clear at a glance and uninteresting. In order to ensure the artistic conception of landscape photos, the range of scene clarity should not be too large. The maximum clarity of the picture should be used for the main subject and foreground, and all distant objects should be slightly defocused. In this way, the picture has rich levels, clear priorities and deep artistic conception.

5 exposure control the exposure of landscape photos should be based on the main subject, which requires accurate exposure. At the same time, the shadow part of the landscape must also ensure the necessary exposure. Therefore, the exposure determined according to the subject often needs to be slightly increased to show the details of the shadow part. Generally speaking, silhouette photos with the setting sun as the background should be exposed according to the bright part of the scene. For the deep and dark forest scenery, or the scenery illuminated by backlight, it should be exposed according to the shadow part of the scene, and it is best to use a sensitive film with greater tolerance. When shooting scenery with moving objects, the exposure time should be short, especially when the moving objects are in the foreground. When shooting waterfalls, fountains and waves, the exposure time should be too short, otherwise the water will be condensed and lose its momentum, generally 1/1-1/5 seconds is better.

6 moving figures and other moving objects, such as trains, cars, ships, planes, etc., appear on the screen, which will make the scenery more vivid and make the still screen dynamic. However, the activities of animals should be coordinated with other scenes in the picture. No matter how people look, move, pose and the size and direction of other animals, they should be properly placed in the picture, so as not to usurp the host's role and become a burden.

in order to take a picture of a landscape with moving objects, you must use a sensitive film with large sensitivity and high sensitivity speed, otherwise, it is impossible to use a color filter or make full use of a smaller aperture.