How was this film made?

Question 1: How was the film made [turn]

First of all, of course, there must be a script, and then maybe a company takes a fancy to this script and buys it for someone? Perform and shoot. Of course, there will be directors who choose for themselves.

The script of the previous works should be changed first, and the novel cannot be directly used as a script! The script has a special format, and the content should be modified and deleted. You must find a professional screenwriter to change it. Of course, the original author can change the script or take on the work, during which the director and producer will participate. Meanwhile, directors and producers are looking for actors.

The actors are in place, the funds are ready, the script is changed, and the shooting address is chosen, so you can turn it on. However, the negotiation, coordination and preparation are quite scary, and the darkness and sadness can be enriched to make a Korean drama.

On the set, the director is mainly responsible for shooting, and the producer manages the life of the crew. Of course, their work occasionally overlaps and overlaps.

There is a lot of work in the studio, mainly camera shooting, scene costume props, makeup, lighting, machinery, security and life. More than you can recognize!

When shooting, we usually follow the schedule, because the story has been divided into independent individuals when changing the script, so in fact, when shooting, the time order is disrupted. It is very likely that your first act is the story at the end, and then you go on to play the middle part, because the end is in the dark, and the middle story also has dark content. Save time and energy. If a set is used many times, shoot all the scenes that are used in the set again.

The schedule of the actors will also affect the shooting.

Maybe actor A has a schedule today, but he will leave in two days. Block B is available today, but we have to leave tomorrow. Although a and b only compete at the end. The director will shoot all the scenes opposite A and B before the first day of shooting, and catch up with other scenes of A. Maybe A has 50 minutes in the movie, and he will shoot all the scenes on the first day of joining the group (of course, this is impossible). It can be said that whoever is free will come first and leave after filming your part.

Those lens language and shooting techniques are used. Even if it is a light and dark effect, you can check it yourself.

After all the filming was finished, a bunch of films were taken for editing. In addition to stories, lens language and editing language can generally reflect a director's style. Editing is to straighten out the messy story and arrange the events on a clear timeline. The director will pick and choose among many clips, find what he wants and throw away what he doesn't want. Finally, there is a rough sample. The duration of this film is generally uncertain. It may take 300 minutes to make a 90-minute movie, and there will be more than 180 minutes after the initial editing. At this time, you can choose to do post-production or continue to shorten it.

In the later stage, special effects, music, impurity removal, dubbing, modifying some defects and removing some bad things are generally added.

After that, it can be reported for approval. After approval, you should delete it and change it. Then you can make a title and tail, and you can sell it. Then there is the issue of publishers, that is, packaging, promotion and benefit distribution.

Among them, the real concrete steps are complicated enough to make you cry. If you insist so much, you can look up some books about making movies. Is it available online? I don't know, there must be one in the bookstore!

Copyright fees are really hard to say, at least in China. Generally speaking, we still look at fame. There must be some famous writers. If you are not famous, you will still suffer a lot. The salaries of screenwriters are also very low, and some of them don't pay dividends. The proofreading of the text is actually very primitive, and manual work is necessary.

Question 2: How was a movie made? Generally speaking, film production needs investors, producers, producers, editors and publishers. Investors pay; The producer is responsible for organizing and forming a team to solve specific logistics basic problems such as venues and personnel; Producer, that is, the film crew, is the core link of film production, which will be introduced later; Editors and filmmakers are generally integrated, that is, pre-shooting and post-shooting cannot be separated. Generally, there are directors, and some directors will be responsible for editing after filming, which is very meaningful; Publishers are generally responsible for the packaging, publicity, promotion and sales of films.

Producer: The technical jobs of film and television production are simply six technical jobs: directing, editing, broadcasting, photography, recording and art designing. With actors, a film crew is formed. The director is responsible for the overall planning of the film crew, including script interpretation and presentation, on-site control, artistic mastery, actor scheduling, etc. Editing refers to editing and directing. They are responsible for planning and creativity. Generally speaking, in movies, that is, writers will form scripted language scripts and write story board according to the prototype of literature, so as to make the story into a movie, make language lines and integrate the core themes. Generally, the scripts they decide are of great significance to later editing, except for art independent films; Broadcasting is the host and director of broadcasting in TV production. There is no such job in the movie, it corresponds to an actor. Actors should carry out the director's intention, understand the core of the script and show it to the audience. The camera crew consists of cameraman and lighting engineer. According to the environmental characteristics and the needs of the film, the lighting scheme is designed to complete the shooting. This is a highly technical job, and any small gesture can make the film you see feel very different, which is the power of visual language; Recording means recording, which is also very important. The quality of recording directly determines the feeling of watching movies. Their harmony constitutes the technical core, that is, to complete the implementation and display of audio-visual language; Art design refers to art design, which is responsible for setting, including environment construction and props production. , as well as makeup, clothing, environmental positioning and so on.

The above six types of work, including logistics personnel, worked together to complete the filming. Post-production is needed after filming. Post-production is usually the director's own post-editing. Sometimes, for the needs of the exhibition or other factors, there will be a special editor to re-edit according to the shot material. Sometimes the story changes completely, and the feeling is different. Different editing styles make different films. Everyone who can win the prize attaches great importance to this process, so you can see the setting of the Oscar award, besides the best director, there is also the best editing award.

After editing, it can be sent to the processing plant to print and copy for distribution. It's like developing film.

By the way, if you look at the general Oscar awards, you will know what the main workflow is. Some awards, such as the best visual effect, show that special effects are also an essential link in some later films, but this is not an essential link in film production.

Question 3: How are 3:3D movies made? There are many forms to make 3D movies, among which polarized glasses method is widely used. It uses human eyes to observe the scenery, uses two parallel movie cameras to represent people's left and right eyes respectively, and shoots two movie pictures with tiny horizontal parallax at the same time. During screening, two films are respectively loaded into the left and right film projectors, and two polarizers with polarization axes of 90 degrees are respectively installed in front of the projection lens. The two projectors need to run synchronously and project the picture onto the metal screen at the same time to form a double image of the left image and the right image. When the audience wears special polarized glasses, the polarization axes of the left and right polarizers are perpendicular to each other and consistent with those in front of the projection lens; The viewer's left eye can only see the left image, and the right eye can only see the right image. The left and right images are superimposed on the retina through binocular convergence function, and the brain nerve produces stereoscopic vision effect. Presenting a continuous three-dimensional picture, let the audience feel that the scenery is coming, or enter the deep recess of the picture, which can produce a strong sense of "being there".

Question 4: How was the * * * scene shot in the movie? Some actors are willing to give their lives for the * * * scene, and quite a few scenes have indeed been carried out.

Question 5: How was the weightless scene filmed in the movie Made in the Earth? Weightlessness effect: realizing freedom through passivity.

How to show the effect of weightlessness is the most important and difficult point of any space movie. Ordinary filmmakers have two conventional ways to achieve this. One is to shoot in a real weightless environment-obviously, this is difficult to achieve. So far, no feature film has been shot in space; The effect of weightlessness on the earth is fleeting, and it is too short to support the actors to complete a weightless performance. However, if there is a specially designed plane that can fly at high speed in the form of a parabolic arc rising upwards, it can theoretically form a complete weightlessness state around the top of the parabola for a period of time as a perfect simulation of weightlessness in space. In fact, the weightless scene in the movie Apollo 13 was shot like this: the crew and actors flew in a parabolic trajectory at high altitude on the KC- 135 transport plane provided by NASA, and each time they could experience weightlessness for about 23 seconds, which was enough for the lens to capture some actions of the actors.

However, this shooting method is not suitable for gravity. The weightless effect of shooting a long lens for a few minutes alone, which is required by director Caron, is technically impossible with this flying method. What's more, the total duration of weightlessness required in the film is beyond the reach of airplane shooting.

Another second-best method is to simulate actions. The cheapest way to achieve this "seemingly" weightlessness effect under the normal gravity of the earth is to shoot underwater. The drag of water makes the movement slow, and it can realize suspension and flight-like movement in space. Gravity is also used for underwater shooting, which is mainly used as a special reference for some actors to slide in the space capsule. Most other weightless scenes are not shot like this. First of all, underwater shooting can't really express the actor's expression-the expression of holding his breath and trying to open his eyes, which is obviously completely different from the performance in space environment; Secondly, the complex reflection and refraction effects of light and shadow under water also make it impossible to simulate underwater space operations by wearing spacesuits.

Gravity finally achieved weightlessness by combining the oldest entertainment skills with the most advanced computer technology: the crew found the owner behind the stage version of War Horse and controlled the actors' limbs to simulate weightlessness through the manipulation of large marionettes. This device has 12 wires connected to the actors' four connection points, and the other end of the wires is either manipulated by three professional puppeteers, controlled by a mechanical system controlled by computer programs, or a combination of the two.

Caron and Sandra? Sa.n.dra Bullock mentioned the most difficult scene in the film: the heroine finally returned to the space capsule, took off her spacesuit and curled up in the air like a baby. In the actual shooting, Brock sits on the base of a small bicycle to support his body, and one leg is tied to the equipment to help fix it. The slow movement of his limbs and the tumbling and floating movement of his whole body are assisted by puppet masters and program-controlled cable devices. In this process, we have to use computer special effects to make virtual limbs instead of the tied legs of the actors, and make movements that are controlled by wires in coordination with other parts of the body.

This kind of wire control method is also mainly used to shoot scenes in the space capsule in this film. In the spacewalk scenes in which the spacesuit is put on, the actors don't even have to do any physical movements-because the whole space background and the spacesuit itself are computer-generated images: the actors are only responsible for providing facial expressions, and most other physical movements are done by computer animators.

Both wire-controlled and computer-generated movements are a conceptual breakthrough in dealing with weightlessness: since it is impossible to float in space in a "native" way, weightlessness should be embodied in an "absolute control" way.

This technical realization way, which completely breaks through the traditional thinking frame, also runs through the production process of Gravity.

Question 6: How is it that people are suddenly turned into magic in the movie? Hello. The special effect that someone suddenly jumps out after a puff of smoke you mentioned is more common in drama (often seen in Journey to the West and the legend of the New White Snake). This is an old-fashioned transitional special effect. Because of the limitation of technology, we will find that plays with such special effects are usually shot for a long time, and their production methods include pre-shooting and post-editing. The actual effect is synthetic, not simple shooting. Post-editing with nonlinear editing software is more important than shooting itself.

If your graduation project is to shoot a short film, you need to encounter this kind of special effects, and shooting requires smoke emission props. First, fix the camera and shoot a scene of smoke explosion. Then, don't move the camera, take an instant video of someone jumping from back to front. Edit with non-linear editing software after shooting (non-linear editing software can use Adobe Premiere, audio and video, etc. , more common). In the production process, the second video is inserted on the basis of the first smoke video, covered in a suitable position, and some software primary modification special effects are added to make it.

Personally, if the smoke effect is not good, you can search the material online, or find it in related movies, and then intercept it with nonlinear editing software.

They are all graduates. I hope I can help you. Good luck! ~

Question 7: Are all the technologies in the movies real? How did they shoot it? Holography, which should be fake, can't be realized at present. As usual, there is no holographic projection in the shooting process, and it depends entirely on the actors' acting skills to show the control system or interact with artificial intelligence. In the end, it all depends on post-synthesis.

Question 8: How was the long shot made in the movie? A long shot is a shooting technique, which does not refer to the length or focal length of the physical lens, nor to the distance between the camera lens and the shooting object, but to the time distance between the starting point and the end point, that is, the length of the film segment. It takes a long time (some as long as 10 minutes) to shoot a scene continuously and form a relatively complete lens paragraph. As the name implies, it is a shot that takes up a long film for a period of time. This naming is mainly symmetrical with respect to short shots.