How to judge foreign literature by book classification

It is a good way to distinguish the names of authors in China from those of foreign authors, and the naming habits of foreign works are different from those in China.

Mastering foreign works and categories is of great help to you. The following are categories.

Humanistic literature appeared in Europe from 14 to 16 century. Italian writers Peterak (songji) and Boccaccio (decameron) were its pioneers. The novel Biography of the Giant by French writer rabelais shows the anti-scholasticism. The novel of Spanish writer Cervantes: created a complex image that is addicted to knight fantasy and embodies humanistic spirit. British writers Chaucer (Canterbury Tales), Thomas Moore (Utopia) and Spencer (each with his own characteristics). Shakespeare has made great achievements in historical plays, comedies and tragedies. tragedy

/kloc-the highest achievement of European literature in the 0/7th century is classical literature. The tragedies of French writers Gao Naiyi (Sid) and Racine (andromache) have the characteristics of advocating kingship and rationality, which conforms to the norm of "three unifications". Moliere's comedy flogging the religious liar Darduff reflects the writer's democratic tendency. Milton, an English poet, wrote a long poem and other works, which showed the revolutionary ideal and heroism of bourgeois Puritans.

/kloc-Enlightenment literature in the 0/8th century is an important part of the Enlightenment. Defoe, an English realistic novelist, created the image of "real bourgeoisie", Swift.

/kloc-at the end of 0/8/kloc-at the beginning of 0/9, romantic literature swept Europe and America. Jena School and Heidelberg School appeared in Germany. Wordsworth, a lake poet, appeared in England. Byron's Childe Harold's Travels and Shelley's Prometheus Liberated represent the highest achievements of English romantic poetry. Hugo's novels embody his humanitarian thought. French influential romantic writers include chateaubriand, Dumas, Merimee, george sand and Miao Sai. The poems of Pushkin and lermontov opened the prelude to the glory of Russian literature in the19th century, as well as their masterpieces.

Since 1930s 19, critical realism literature has become the mainstream of European and American literature. French writers' standard novels are their foundation works. French realistic writer Balzac's masterpiece "Human Comedy" (Lao Gao Man, Eugè ne Grandet, etc. ) is a chronicle of the upper class in Paris. Other outstanding French writers include Flaubert (Madame Bovary), Zola (The Lugon Macard Family) and Mo Bosang (The Road to Suicide). Dickens' novel It embodies his humanitarianism, and Hardy's novel Tess of the D 'Urbervilles reflects his outlook on fate. Thackeray (Vanity Fair), Lady Gaskell (mary barton), Charlotte Brontexq (Jane Eyre), emily bronte (Wuthering Heights) and Bernard Shaw (Major Barbara) are all famous English realistic writers. Russian writer Nikolai Nikolai Gogol (dead soul) attacked the autocratic serfdom with bitter satire. Turgenev (father and son) described nature and life with lyrical brushwork. Dostoevsky (Crime and Punishment) explored the mystery of the soul with profound eyes. Lev tolstoy (War and Peace) explored the way out of Russian society with great momentum. Chekhov (the man in the trap) expressed his dislike of the old life and his yearning for the new life in an implicit style. Herzen (Whose Crime), Chernyshevski (What to Do), Goncharov (Aubrey Lomov), ostrovsky (Thunderstorm) and Necrasov (Who Can Have a Good Life in Russia) are all influential writers. Other important realistic writers in this period include: American novelist Mark Twain (Adventures of Hakberg Finn), German poet Heine (Winter Fairy Tales in Germany), Norwegian playwright Ibsen (A Doll's House) and Danish fairy tale writer Andersen.

The social revolution in the 20th century had an impact on literature. Gorky is the founder of Soviet literature, and his plays and novels, The Life of Kerim Samgin, etc. , reappearing the "human comedy in Russia before the revolution." Sholokhov's The Silent Don is a long epic describing the fate of Cossacks on the Don. Other famous writers include Mayakovski (Lenin), Ye Saining (Persian lyrics), Tolstoy (suffering course), bulgakov (master and Margaret), Pasternak (doctor zhivago) and Aitmatov (guillotine). During this period, the traditional European and American realistic literature showed a new trend. Important writers are: French romain rolland (John Christophe), andre gide (forger), mauriac (Agkistrodon's knot), British John Galsworthy (Forsyte family), Lawrence (Lady Chatterley's lover), Mao Mu (the shackles of human nature) and Golding (flies), German thomas mann (Buden Blockx) and Helman Hesse. Brecht (the biography of Galileo), Zweig of Austria (a letter from an unknown woman), and O Henry of the United States (a gift from Maggie). At the same time, anti-traditional modernist literature began to rise. The representative writers of symbolism in the later period are Eliot in Britain (The Waste Land), Kafka in Austria (Metamorphosis) and O 'Neill in the United States (Hairy Ape), Joyce in Ireland (Ulysses), Proust in France and Faulkner in the United States (The Sound and the Fury). In addition, there are futurism, surrealism, absurd drama, new novels, black humor and many other schools.