What do you think of Xuee embroidery score?

1904 After the Spring Festival, Shan Shusheng, who worked in the Ministry of Commerce of the Qing Dynasty, organized a birthday present for the 70th birthday of Empress Dowager Cixi, and met Shen Shou to make a tribute embroidery screen. Yu Jue chose > (by Yan Chunsheng (1859~ 1934)) from the famous paintings collected by Shen Shou's father's family, and < < The Buddha Who Will Live Forever > > has 65,438+065,438. Shen Shou led the master of embroidery, which lasted for more than three months, and completed & gt, < Immortal Buddha > >, < Evergreen Tree >>, < Ganlu River >>, < See you on your birthday >>, < Pay tribute to North Korea >>,< After that, I chose eight paintings for Cixi, who called them peerless treasures. She was very happy and wrote two big characters, "Fu" and "Shou", and gave them to Yu Jue and his wife. Since then, I thought that the word "Fu" was renamed as "Yu Fu" and the word "Shou" was renamed as Shen Shou as a souvenir. Yu Jue and Shen Shou also won the Fourth Medal of Ssangyong Baoxing. Later, Cixi issued an order to set up a women's embroidery engineering department in the Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce, and appointed Shen Shou as the chief teacher and Yu Jue as the general manager. 1June, 904, Shen Shou and Yu Jue went to Beijing to start an embroidery project, and opened the first public embroidery school in China, where they taught for more than seven years. 1904,1/kloc-0 In June, the Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce sent Yu Jue and his wife to Japan to study foreign art education experience for three months. This also began the transformation of Chinese embroidery history. On the basis of traditional embroidery techniques, Shen Shou embroidered with reference to Japanese artistic expressions. By combining western painting with external light, he expressed the light and shade of objects and created a unique style of "simulated embroidery". He said in the book "Xuee Embroidery Spectrum": "I have to learn my stitches, my shortcomings, my long experience and just use the old method. It is understood that embroidery is like a thing, which has its own reason, so it should be released. Seeing lead oil European paintings is based on photography. Shadow is born in light, and light has yin and yang, which should be divided into yin and yang. Conceiving, carrying the old law with new ideas, gradually gains. It is really beneficial to visit Japan again to see its artistic embroidery. Over time, I feel that there are many things between heaven and earth, but if they enter my eyes, they cannot enter my needles, that is, they cannot enter my embroidery. " This kind of embroidery makes the picture three-dimensional, reproduces the true colors of the world, and creates a new era of Suzhou embroidery. Shen Shou improved the traditional embroidery materials-silk thread and embroidery method. Spinning stitch is an embroidery stitch created by Shen Shou. In the past, when embroidery was finished, Ping Xiu usually embroidered it vertically downwards. Shen Shou did it by rotating the stitches. One of the stitches she uses is to rotate with a machine needle and a forced needle, but when rotating, It is also necessary to master the length of the suture according to the mechanism of the object. So it is much more difficult than ordinary embroidery. Shen Shouxiu's portrait of Jesus' face is a rotating needle, which highlights a texture effect of Jesus' face. And the most obvious place is the hair. The mechanism of hair curling is very three-dimensional, and then fluffy and soft. 1906, Shen Shou embroidered the Italian emperor and the Italian queen with a pencil as the manuscript. The Queen of Italy is the first embroidery completed by Shen Shou with simulated embroidery. Her lifelike effect looks like today's photo. 1909 won the gold medal of the Italian World Expo and was awarded the "highest honor in the world and the highest award for excellence". When the Italian emperor and queen Alina saw it, they couldn't put it down. After the Expo, Alina Xiu Xiang was presented to the Queen according to the wishes of the Qing government. The Italian emperor also returned a "Supreme Medal of Our Lady of Li Baoxing" to the Qing government. 191210/In June, the Italian ambassador to China conveyed the gratitude of the Italian emperor and queen to Shen Shou and presented her with a diamond-encrusted gold watch with a royal emblem. The two Xiu Xiang also won the first gold medal at the Panama-Pacific World Expo in San Francisco in 19 15, which won a wider reputation. This is the first time in the history of Chinese embroidery that it was awarded by a foreign royal family. This is also the origin of this statue by the Haohe River in Nantong. Shen Shou teaches in Tong Tong and still embroiders after school. Her works have won many awards in international exhibitions. 19 15 Panama Expo in Chicago, USA, her masterpiece < < The Image of Jesus > > won the first prize; The Americans wanted to buy it for 13000 dollars, but Shen Shou refused. & lt& lt> was embroidered by Ms. Baker, a famous American singer at that time, and the image of Baker in the embroidery was colorful. 19 17 was exhibited in new york, USA. Ms. Baker came all the way from the west when she heard the news. Seeing that the embroidery was embroidered in her own style, she promised to buy it for $5,000, but Shen Shou declined. (According to Xue E's embroidery score, this portrait of the actress was embroidered on 19 19, which took Shen Shou three years and was her last masterpiece). During the period of 1986, Shen Shou's "The Statue of Jesus" and "The Statue of an Actress" returned to Nanjing Museum from overseas, which caused a sensation in the embroidery and art circles. People did not expect that China's traditional embroidery could be embroidered into a completely western painting style a hundred years ago. People can obviously feel the light and shadow effect like embroidery oil painting. This is an unprecedented change in China's thousand-year-old traditional embroidery. Chinese embroidery, which has always been influenced by China's traditional painting, has never depicted a person with embroidery needles and silk threads. And The Portrait of an Actress has some western sketches. No wonder even Liu Haisu, a famous artist in China, gave such a sigh. "China first sketch Shen Shou, not me, is Liu Haisu. She drew a sketch with a needle. " In the fourth chapter "Essentials of Embroidery" of Xue E's Embroidery Manual, Shen Shou mentioned her experience in embroidering the statue of the Queen and the statue of Jesus in the section of "Wonderful Use": "The color is certain, but the use of color is uncertain. There is a definite acupuncture method, but there is no definite acupuncture method. There are fixed, so often; There is no fixed, so it can't be the same. With constant essence, impermanence is wonderful. Always seek impermanence in diligence, and always realize in impermanence. In the past, embroidered flowers had no yin and yang, and embroidered mountains and waters had no yin and yang. There are often flowers of different colors, some mountains and trees with a book. Those who distinguish their colors pile up as bright ears, and can't embroider paintings with brushwork, which is a natural scenery. I regret it, so I dare not follow the painting principle, dare not follow the true shape, although I said it started from Yu, I dare not quit. As far as color is concerned, if I embroider the image of Jesus, the manuscript oil painting, the portrait of the Italian queen and the manuscript lead painting are all based on photography. Shadows vary with light, and light varies with color. Holding a color is not because the appearance is corrupt, and wearing it in a needle is a combination of two or three colors. Although the seven colors can be combined, the analysis can be combined, so it is said that the color is uncertain. " It's really amazing. 1906 In April, Shen Shou and Yu Jue went to Beijing. In May, the embroidery engineering department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Industry enrolled students, with Shen Shou as the chief teacher and Yu Jue as the general manager. 1In August, 906, Shen Shouyu and his wife went to Suzhou, bought a garden house in Ma Medical College, and founded the Fushou Embroidery Company with Tongli Embroidery School to recruit foreign students. /kloc-closed in October. 165438. 1907 back to Beijing embroidery project. After the Revolution of 1911, the embroidery project in Kyoto was suspended, and Shenshou Yujue moved to Tianjin to set up a "Self-reliant Training Institute for Women Workers". 19 10 in April, the Qing government held the Nanyang surrender meeting in Nanjing, with Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce Zhang Jian as the chief inspector and Shen Shou as the national embroidery inspector. Zhang Jian appreciated Shen Shou's exquisite art appreciation ability and serious work attitude. 19 14 years, Zhang Jian founded the Girls' Red College in Nantong, Jiangsu. Shen Shou applied to come to Nantong to be the director and teacher, and Yu Jue was the manager of Nantong civilian workshop. (19 17 Yu Jue seems to have bad feelings with Zhang Jian, so he went to Shanghai alone to sell words for a living. According to the book Shenzhen, in April of the lunar calendar, Shen Shou was heartbroken and fainted. In May, Zhang Jian was borrowed from the "Qianguan" in Nantong Museum to recuperate, and when he was sick, he embroidered the word "Qianguan" until the Qianguan. The plot in the TV series is similar to this. Three years later, Yu Jue left. Shen Shou's illness had to be suspected to be caused by his disagreement with Yu Jue. Danyang Ping's performance in TV series is really pitiful. How can anyone who admires Shen Shou's talent not regret it? By the way, Yu Jue in the play is a small standard, without the taste of painters and literati, so after watching TV, I only know that it has promoted the embroidery sales in Shen Shou, but I don't know that his calligraphy and painting accomplishment has also helped Shen Shou. At first, Nvhong Studio belonged to Nantong Women's Normal School, and then moved to Haoyang Road, Nantong. The studio enrolled more than 20 students in the first phase, and then increased year by year, and the academic system was gradually improved. There are crash classes, ordinary classes, art classes and research classes in the college. Shen Shou is not only an outstanding embroidery artist, but also an experienced embroidery educator. Shen Shou not only taught traditional embroidery, but also made these ordinary embroidered mothers begin to receive sketching education like modern students learning western painting. In embroidery, students are no longer required to embroider according to the painting, but to put the embroidered objects in front of them for observation and compare them with real embroidery. Has completely got rid of the traditional embroidery learning method. In teaching, she advocates "nature from the outside to the inside" to cultivate students' ability to observe things carefully. Embroidering, she picked a flower and put it on a stretcher, embroidering while watching it. (there is also this plot in the TV series. Danyang Ping cheerfully embroidered a newly picked chrysanthemum, and the beauty was in a good mood. Embroidering a watery flower in the sun is naturally a pleasing picture! ) Embroidering characters, she asked to embroider people's eyes and spirit. (Speaking of embroidered eyes, Shen Shou also discussed it with Zhang Jian in TV series, but I'm worried that Danyang Ping's needle will stab a good imitation of Jesus. However, according to the pictures on the internet, there is still a considerable gap between the imitations and the original works in TV dramas. ) Under the careful guidance of teacher Shen Shou, Nantong Hongyunchuan College has trained many talents in Suzhou embroidery. Nantong embroidery has gradually formed a style of "thin", "thin", "even" and "clean", which has opened up domestic and foreign markets. For every student in Nvhong Studio, the most important influence here is how to become a self-reliant new woman. (In the TV series, Shen Shou took students to the Wolf Mountain to sketch, held insects as a demonstration, and took good care of students in life. It was really a model for teachers. ) Shen Shou taught embroidery in Nantong for eight years, teaching people tirelessly (Zhang Jian's Ci). It's a pity that Zhang Jian was "afraid of the spread of his own art", so he got her permission and recorded her experience in embroidery art during the treatment of Shen Shou by famous doctors in Yanqing. Shen Shou, who was obsessed with teaching, was deeply moved by the students. At the same time, with her last energy, she finally completed the most complete and precious book Xuee Embroidery Spectrum in the history of embroidery. Zhang Jian said in Preface to Embroidery: "This score has been accumulated for several months, and it is easy to draw up after repeated examination. If you repeat it, write every word, write every word. " This book is divided into eight chapters: embroidery preparation, embroidery introduction, stitch, embroidery essentials, embroidery, embroidery virtue, embroidery festival and embroidery exchange. Introduction to Embroidery describes the auxiliary processes before embroidery, such as thread cutting and thread dividing. "Acupuncture" summarizes eighteen different acupuncture methods, such as Qi Zhen, grasping needles, etc. "Essentials of Embroidery" describes the relationship between the light color change of the embroidered object and the vivid point, which is summarized into two sections: "Examining the scene" and "Matching the color", with a list of line colors, with a total of 88 kinds of color lines and 745 kinds of "depending on dyeing". Embroidery, Embroidery Virtue and Embroidery Festival describe some physical and mental health problems that should be paid attention to in embroidery profession from different aspects. Embroidery Biography describes the auxiliary role of appreciation and cultivation of calligraphy and painting in embroidery art. This book is the accumulation of Shen Shou's embroidery experience for decades and the summary of folk embroidery experience including Gu embroidery in Ming Dynasty. With comprehensive content and rich levels, it is worthy of being the first monograph in China that systematically summarizes the artistic experience of Suzhou embroidery. This book was completed in 19 18, and was published in 19 19 by Han Molin Bookstore. There is a book entitled "Michelle Embroidery":>, please translate it into English. (Principles and stitches of Chinese embroidery) are all over the world. The English version of this book was printed and distributed by Shanghai Commercial Press in February 2006. I wonder if I can come across this English version. ) 192 1 On the third day of the fifth lunar month, Shen Shou died in Nantong at the age of 48. According to Shen Shou's last wish to stay in Nantong, her second hometown, she was buried under the quiet Huangni Mountain (Maanshan was renamed on 1982). 192 1 year1October 10, Nantong county held a public funeral for Shen Shou. All the staff in the female red studio are dressed in white plain clothes. They received elegiac couplets and white banners to see the director off, followed by representatives from all walks of life. The county governor presided over the ceremony, and Zhang Jian read a long eulogy in front of the tomb. Shen Shou's tomb is lotus-shaped, symbolizing nobility. There are tombstones of Shifang and Yu Baishi in front of the tomb. On the forehead of the tomb door, Zhang Jian's regular script "The Tomb of Wu County, the World Artist Ms. Shen" is engraved. The tablet is engraved with Zhang Jianshu's "Lingbiao of the World Artist Ms. Shen Wu County" and a portrait of Shen Shou. There is a performance in this scene TV play. After Shen Shou's death, her sister Shen Li succeeded her as a director. It was not until 1938 that the Japanese invaders invaded Nantong that the women's workshop was closed. In the last 25 years 15, embroidery talents have been trained all over the country. Today, the former site of the women's workshop has been reduced, but it has been renovated. In the exhibition hall on the second floor, you can also watch the replicas of < < the image of Jesus > > and < < actress Xiu Xiang ><, with dazzling images and exquisite and varied embroidery stitches, which are amazing. The word "Bao" inscribed by Vice Premier Zou Jiahua is the most appropriate evaluation of these works. There is also a picture of Zhang Jian's handwriting embroidered by Ms. Cuizhen Shen (the teacher handed down by female workers in those days, Shen Shou's niece and Zou Jiahua's mother), which is a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation. Shen Shou Art Museum officially opened to the public on May 1992, and the "Embroidery Garden" has taken on a new look. Shen Shou's works made Chinese embroidery famous overseas. In his later years as the director of Nantong Embroidery Bureau, Shen Shou also opened "Nantong Embroidery Bureau new york Branch" on Fifth Street in new york, USA, specializing in selling all kinds of embroidery. In addition, sales offices have been set up in Switzerland, Italy and other places, making Chinese embroidery famous internationally. There are four pieces of embroidery handed down from ancient times in Shen Shou, China, including four pieces of flower-and-bird picture books in Shanghai Museum, four pieces of Zodiac embroidery in Nanjing Museum, one piece of Jigong statue, one piece of Guanyin statue, one piece of mussel picture and one piece of shepherd's picture in Nantong Museum.