Urgent! Who knows the information of the Yangtze River?

Yangtze River (Yangtze River; The Yangtze River is the longest river in China! It is the third longest river in the world. 200 1 Under the auspices of Liu Shaochuang, an expert from the Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, satellite remote sensing images were used for measurement and calculation, and the measurement results were accurate to one decimal place. The measured length of the Yangtze River is 62 1 1.35438+0 km. Its research team used nearly 40 satellite images covering the main stream of the Yangtze River, which were taken by the American Earth Resources Satellite with a resolution of 30 meters. The calculation method is that the center line along the Yangtze River is measured three times in the forward direction and three times in the reverse direction, and the result is obtained after many computer operations and geometric corrections.

This study takes Dangqu as the source of the Yangtze River. Specifically, the focal location of Dangqu is 94 degrees 35 minutes and 54 seconds east longitude, 32 degrees 43 minutes and 54 seconds north latitude and 5042 meters above sea level. Dangqu (source to Nangji Balong) is 360.8 kilometers, Tuotuo is 357.6 kilometers, Tongtian River is 787.7 kilometers, Jinsha River is 2322.2 kilometers, and Yibin is 2740.6 kilometers below. we

Generally called 6300 km or 6370 km. The total area of the river basin is1800,000 square kilometers, and the annual water inflow into the sea is about 960 billion cubic meters. The basin is located between 24 30 ′ and 35 45 ′ north latitude and 90 33 ′ and 65 438+065 438+02 25 ′ east longitude, with an area of 65 438+800,000 square kilometers (excluding Huaihe River Basin), accounting for about 65 438+0 of the total land area of China. Ranked third in the world. It has a long history. Together with the Yellow River, it has become the cradle of the Chinese nation and nurtured generations of Chinese sons and daughters. It is called "Mother River".

The Yangtze River is not only the largest river in China, but also the largest river in Asia and the third largest river in the world. The total length is 6,300 kilometers (39 15 miles); The basin is about 32 19 km (2000 miles) from east to west and 966 km (600 miles) from north to south. Originated in the west of China, all or part of it flows through 12 provinces including Xizang Autonomous Region. The population distribution in the Yangtze River basin is uneven; The most densely populated area is in the plain area adjacent to the Yangtze River and its tributaries in central and eastern China, and the western plateau of the basin has the least population. More than 3/4 of the process goes through the mountains. There are Yalong River, Minjiang River, Jialing River, Tuojiang River, Wujiang River, Xiangjiang River, Hanjiang River, Ganjiang River, Qingyi River, Huangpu River and other important tributaries.

This valley is a huge granary in China, which produces almost half of the country's grain, of which rice accounts for 70% of the total. In addition, many other crops are planted, including cotton, wheat, barley, corn, beans and hemp. Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Chongqing, Chengdu and other big cities with a population of more than one million are all in the Yangtze River basin.

Tuotuo River, the northern source of the Yangtze River, originates from Tanggula Snow Mountain in the southwest of Qinghai, and is called Tongtian River after merging with the local music in the south of the Yangtze River. From Batang estuary in Yushu county to Yibin city in Sichuan province, it is called Jinsha River. Yibin is called the Yangtze River below, Yangzhou is called the Yangtze River below, and Shanghai is called Huangpu River. Qinghai, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai and other provinces and cities pour into the East China Sea in Shanghai. There are tributaries such as Yalong River, Minjiang River, Tuojiang River, Jialing River, Wujiang River, Xiangjiang River, Hanjiang River, Ganjiang River, Qingyi River and Huangpu River. It intersects with the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province.

The upper reaches of the Yangtze River are above Yichang City, Hubei Province, with many rapids. Yichang to Hukou in Jiangxi is the middle reaches, with meandering development and numerous lakes (Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake are the largest). Below the mouth of the lake is the downstream, the river is wide, and Chongming Island is alluvial at the mouth of the river. The Yangtze River is rich in water resources. During the flood season, 10,000-ton ships can reach Wuhan, and boats can trace back to Yichang.

The Yangtze River valley is the most densely populated and economically prosperous area in China, and Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanjing and Shanghai are important cities along the Yangtze River.

The Yangtze River, the richest river in China, has a total hydropower capacity of 200 million kilowatts. With a navigable mileage of more than 2,800 kilometers, the main stream of the Yangtze River is known as the "golden waterway" of the Three Gorges Dam.

The Yangtze River is a steep Three Gorges (Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge) in Duan Xiongwei from Fengjie in Chongqing to Yichang in Hubei. The Three Gorges Project, the largest water conservancy project in the world, is located in Sandouping in the middle of Xiling Gorge.

The Yangtze River Basin is one of the areas where human beings have lived for the longest time in China. Homo erectus fossils were found in Jiangbei, Anhui Province, and several sites containing human remains were also found, especially around Taihu Lake. Although most of China's political history centers on North China and the Yellow River Basin, the Yangtze River region has always been of great economic significance to successive dynasties because of its agricultural potential. The Grand Canal is a metropolis built to transport grain from the Yangtze River basin to the north. Perhaps the southernmost section of the canal was used as early as the 4th century BC, and many sections were built in the 7th century BC.

In the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, except Chengdu Plain, there are the Three Gorges area in the east, Ganzi and Aba areas in the northwest, and the ruins of Anning River and Yalong River basins in the southwest. According to preliminary statistics, there are dozens of sites, the most famous of which is Wushan Daxi Cultural Site. After 1959 and 1975 excavations, a total of 2 14 tombs were excavated. Pots, cans, cups, bowls and other household utensils, as well as earrings and ornaments, represent three different stages of development from the middle to the late Neolithic age.

Neolithic sites in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River are almost all over Jianghan area, especially Jianghan Plain. More than 450 Neolithic sites have been discovered in Hubei alone, and more than 60 sites have been excavated, mostly in Jianghan Plain where the middle and lower reaches of the Han River meet the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Qujialing culture has three stages of cultural characteristics: early, middle and late, characterized by small painted pottery as thin as eggshells, painted pottery spinning wheels and cross beans. A large number of rice and animal remains have also been unearthed, and animal husbandry has developed accordingly. The species of animals raised have increased, and fisheries have been established. The influence of this culture is very extensive.

The Neolithic cultural sequence in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River can be represented by Hemudu culture, Majiahong culture and Liangzhu culture. Hemudu Cultural Site in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, near Hangzhou Bay, found at 1973. It was excavated twice. Among about 7,000 precious cultural relics unearthed, there are piles of rice and rice husk remains, which is the earliest artificially cultivated rice found in the world at present, proving that rice planting technology was mastered 6,000 ~ 7,000 years ago. A large number of "bones" have been unearthed, which proves that they have left the "fire farming" and started digging with bones; Large-scale wooden structures have also been unearthed, with mortises and tenons, which is the earliest known "dry-column" wooden structure.

In 1950s, a number of cultural sites of Yin and Shang Dynasties were discovered in the Yangtze River valley. The cultural relics unearthed from the Guanyin site in Xinfan, Sichuan Province show that "Shu" had close cultural exchanges with the middle period of Yin and Shang Dynasties.

The site of Panlongcheng in Huangpi, Hubei Province in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is the first ancient city of Shang Dynasty in the Yangtze River basin, which has been discovered for more than 3,500 years. The ruins of cities and palaces are spectacular and complete, and the ruins, relics and relics clearly reflect the class grouping of slave society. The Tonglushan ancient copper mine in Daye belongs to the late Shang Dynasty, and it is the oldest, largest and most well-preserved ancient copper mine found in China. Wucheng site in Qingjiang, Jiangxi Province is an important Shang Dynasty site in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. During the period of 1989, a large number of Shang bronzes, jades and pottery dating back about 3,200 years were unearthed in Xingan, Jiangxi Province, with obvious southern characteristics. These remains are of great scientific value for understanding the vague Shang culture in the Yangtze River basin.

The Yangtze River is the largest river in China and one of the largest rivers in the world, with a total length of more than 6,300 kilometers. It originated in the southwest of the main peak of Tanggula in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau-Geladan Winter Snow Mountain (33 28 ′ north latitude, 965 438+0 08 ′ east longitude). The main stream flows through Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai and other provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions 10 and flows into the East China Sea. The total length is about 6,300 kilometers (if Dangqu is the source, the total length of the Yangtze River should be 6,403 kilometers), ranking third in the world. The basin is located between 24 30 ′ and 35 45 ′ north latitude and 90 33 ′ and 65 438+065 438+02 25 ′ east longitude, with an area of 65 438+800,000 square kilometers (excluding Huaihe River Basin), accounting for about 65 438+0 of the total land area of China. The average annual water inflow into the sea reaches 1 trillion cubic meters, ranking third in the world. In ancient times, it was called Jiang for short, and it was called Dajiang and Changjiang only after the Six Dynasties.

General situation of the main stream The name of the main stream of the Yangtze River is different: the source to Dangqukou (called "Qu" River in Tibetan) is Tuotuo, which is the main source of the Yangtze River, with a total length of 358 kilometers; From Dangqukou to Batang Estuary in Yushu County, Qinghai Province, it is called Tongtianhe, with a length of 8 13 km; Batangkou to Minjiang Estuary in Yibin, Sichuan, known as Jinsha River in ancient times, is 2308 kilometers long; Yibin's Minjiang River estuary is about 2800 kilometers away from the Yangtze River estuary, commonly known as the Yangtze River. Yibin and Yichang in Hubei Province are called "Chuanjiang" (the Three Gorges section from Fengjie to Yichang is also called "Xiajiang"), Zhicheng in Hubei Province is called Jingjiang, and Yangzhou and Zhenjiang in Jiangsu Province are also called Yangtze River below. Plateau and mountainous areas account for 65.6% of the basin area; Hills account for 24%; Plains and lowlands account for 10.4%.

There are 48 tributaries of the Yangtze River, covering an area of 6.5438+0 million square kilometers; More than 50,000 square kilometers are Yalong River and Minjiang River and their tributaries, including Dadu River, Jialing River, Wujiang River, Yuanjiang River, Xiangjiang River, Hanjiang River and Ganjiang River. Among them, the Yalong River, Minjiang River, Jialing River and Hanjiang River are more than 65,438+10,000 square kilometers, and the Jialing River basin has the largest area, about160,000 square kilometers.

Most of the freshwater lakes in China are distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Taihu Lake and Chaohu Lake in larger areas.

The Yangtze River originates from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau between Bayan Kara and Tanggula Mountain, on the southwest side of Gladin, the main peak of Tanggula Mountain. Glaciers are widely distributed here, and meltwater from snow and ice is the source of the Yangtze River. From Jiangyuan to Haikou, it can be divided into three sections. Above Yibin, Sichuan, it is upstream; Yibin, Hubei to Yichang is the middle reaches; Below Yichang is the downstream. The upper reaches are about 3,500 kilometers long, and the Chumar River is the northern source of the Yangtze River. Muluwusu River is the southern source of the Yangtze River, with long water flow and large water volume. According to the principle that the source of the Yangtze River is only far away, Tuotuo River, its longest tributary, should be the positive source of the Yangtze River. The section from the mouth of Dangqu River to Yushu in Qinghai is called Tongtianhe, which is 8 13 kilometers long. The river is wide and the water is slow. From Yushu to Yibin, it is called Jinsha River, which was called Lishui in ancient times. From north to south, it crosses the Hengduan Mountains, turns northeast near Shigu in Yunnan, enters the Sichuan Basin, and joins the Minjiang River in Yibin, with a total length of 2,300 kilometers. Known as the Yangtze River after Yibin. The middle reaches are about 1000 km long. Because they flow through the Sichuan Basin, they are often called Chuanjiang. From Yibin to Chongqing, the river is quite tortuous. This river runs from Baiti Mountain in Fengjie to Nanjinguan in Yichang, passing through the Grand Canyon in the mountainous area at the junction of Sichuan and Hubei. From west to east, there are Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge, collectively known as the Three Gorges, with a total length of 204 kilometers. There are rapids everywhere on the beach, and the river gap is very large. It has been called the natural barrier of the Yangtze River since ancient times. The downstream section is about1850km long, with small river drop, slow water flow and wide river surface, generally more than 2km, and the narrowest part is 650m. The river course is very tortuous, especially the section from Zhijiang, Hubei Province to Chenglingji, Hunan Province, which was called Jingjiang in ancient times and is known as the "nine-bend ileum". Due to the slow flow rate and excessive sediment deposition, whenever the flood season comes, it is easy to cause flood disasters. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "a long river travels a thousand miles, and the danger lies in Jingjiang". From Yichang to Wuhu, there are many lakes on both sides of the strait, among which Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake are the largest. Dongting Lake is the natural reservoir of the Yangtze River. After the river entered Jiangsu, it bypassed Ningzhen Mountain to the northeast because of mountain resistance. Turn from Zhenjiang below to southern Sichuan and enter the delta region. The terrain is flat, the lakes are dotted, and the waterways are intertwined like a net, which is a scene of water towns and villages. The mouth of the river is 80 kilometers wide, showing a spectacular view of the river and the sea. There are many famous osawa on both sides of the Yangtze River, with beautiful scenery and many tourist attractions. Because of the long process, wide river basin, fertile land and convenient irrigation, there is a "land of abundance" in the middle reaches and a "land of plenty" in the lower reaches, which is rich in products. Although the cradle of the Chinese nation is in the Yellow River basin, according to historical records, after the destruction of Yin, its territory reached the Yangtze River basin in the south. Since then, the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins have become the focus of China's historical and cultural development. There are many famous cities along the river, such as Chongqing, Yichang, Wuchang, Nanjing and Shanghai. Shanghai is the largest industrial and commercial city in China. There are many scenic spots and historical sites on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, which are valuable materials for understanding the history of China, and there are many myths and legends, which are valuable heritages of China literature. Since ancient times, the trunk and tributaries of the Yangtze River have been the main artery of water traffic in southern China, crossing east and west, running through north and south, with a total length of more than 80 thousand kilometers. Ten thousand-ton ships can reach Nanjing, 3000-ton ships can reach Hankou, 1000-ton ships can reach Chongqing, and 500-ton ships can reach Yibin.