Andersen’s detailed information (I surveyed the population)

Andersen is a famous Danish fairy tale writer in the 19th century and the founder of fairy tales in world literature. He was born in a poor shoemaker family in Odense. He studied at a charity school and worked as an apprentice in his early years. Influenced by his father and folk oral literature, he loved literature since childhood. When he was 11 years old, his father died of illness and his mother remarried. In order to pursue art, he came to Copenhagen alone at the age of 14. After eight years of hard work, he finally showed his talent in the poetic drama "Alfsol". Therefore, he was sent to Slagelsee Grammar School and Helsingo School for free by the Royal Theater of Arts. It lasted 5 years. In 1828, he entered the University of Golhagen. After graduation, he has never had a job and mainly relies on royalties to make a living. In 1838, he received the Writer's Prize - a non-public service allowance of 200 yuan allocated to him by the state every year.

Andersen never married and died of illness on August 4, 1875 at the home of his friend, the businessman Melchor.

Andersen's literary career began in 1822. In the early days, he mainly wrote poems and plays. After entering university, his creations became increasingly mature. He has published travel notes and musical comedies, as well as poetry collections and poetry plays. In 1833, he published the novel "The Improvisational Poet", which won him international reputation and is his representative work of adult literature.

"In order to fight for the future generation", Andersen decided to write fairy tales for children and published "Stories for Children". In the following years, a collection of such fairy tales was published every Christmas. After that, he continued to publish new works until he gradually stopped writing due to cancer in 1872. In the past 40 years, he has written a total of 168 fairy tales.

Andersen's fairy tales have a unique artistic style: poetic beauty and comic humor. The former is the dominant style and is mostly reflected in eulogizing fairy tales, while the latter is mostly reflected in satirical fairy tales.

Andersen's creation can be divided into three periods: early, middle and late. Early fairy tales are mostly full of beautiful fantasy and optimistic spirit, reflecting the characteristics of a combination of realism and romanticism. His representative works include "The Tinderbox", "The Flowers of Little Ida", "Thumbelina", "The Daughter of the Sea", "The Wild Swan", "The Ugly Duckling", etc. In the middle period of fairy tales, the fantasy component is weakened and the realistic component is relatively enhanced. In lashing out the ugliness and praising the good, it expresses the persistent pursuit of a better life and also reveals the melancholy of lack of confidence. Representative works include "The Little Match Girl", "Snow Queen", "Shadow", "A Drop of Water", "Mother's Story", "The Puppet Show", etc. Fairy tales in the late period are more face to reality than those in the middle period, focusing on describing the tragic fate of the people at the bottom and exposing the coldness, darkness and injustice of social life. The tone of the work is sombre. His representative works include "Dream Under the Willows", "She's a Waste", "Bachelor's Nightcap", "Lucky Belle", etc.

Chronology of Andersen

Born on April 2, 1805 in the small town of Odense on the Danish island of Fern.

His father died in 1816 when he was 11 years old.

In 1819, when he was 14 years old, he left home alone and went to Copenhagen to seek creative opportunities.

In August 1822, he published the work "Anthology Collection", which contains three poems, dramas and stories. This collection had no chance of being published due to its humble background, but it has attracted the attention of some people in the cultural world. In October, he entered a secondary missionary school for cultural remedial studies. He studied for six years and was deeply distressed by the educational methods. However, during these six years, he read a lot of works by famous writers and also practiced composing poems and operas. In 1827, he left school and returned to Copenhagen. Published poems, praised by upper-class critics, inspired Andersen's confidence in writing.

In 1829, he wrote a long fantasy travelogue "Wanderings on the Island of Amager" and published it. The first edition sold out. The publisher immediately bought the second edition at favorable terms, and Andersen was freed from the oppression of hunger. The comedy "Love on Nikolayev Towers" is performed at the Royal Opera House. In the same year, he also published his first collection of poems.

In 1830, first love failed. Began traveling; second book of poetry published.

From 1831 to 1834, love failed again and his mother died. Soon after, he published a long autobiographical novel "The Improvisational Poet".

In 1835, when he was 30 years old, he began to write fairy tales and published his first collection of fairy tales. It was a 61-page booklet, including "Tinderbox", "Little Claus and Big Claus", "The Princess on the Pea" and "Little Ida's Flowers" *** four chapters. The work did not receive unanimous praise. Some people even thought that he did not have the talent to write fairy tales and suggested that he give up. But Andersen said: "This is my immortal work!"

In 1844, he wrote his autobiography. Sex work "The Ugly Duckling".

In 1846, he wrote "The Little Match Girl".

"Lucky Belle", the longest work in his later period, was published in 1970, with more than 70,000 words. It was written based on his own life experiences, but it was not entirely an autobiography.

In 1867, he was elected as an honorary citizen by his hometown of Odense.

At 11 a.m. on August 4, 1875, he died of liver cancer at his friend's country house. The funeral was extremely sad and honorable. He died at the age of 70.

Catalogue of Andersen's works:

Novel (6): "The Improvisational Poet" (1835), "O.T." (1836), "Just a Fiddler" (1837) , "The Two Baronesses" (1848), "Alive?" "Death" (1857), "The Lucky One" (1870).

Libretto (25): poetic drama "Afsol" (1822?), "Love in the Bell Tower of St. Nicholas Church" (1829), opera "The Bride of Lammermoor" (1832) ), the opera "The Raven" (1832), the verse drama "The Mermaid of Egnat" (1834), the vaudeville "Farewell and Reunion" (1835), the opera "The God of Sproo" (1839), " "Mulatto" (1840), "The Moor's Daughter" (1840), "The Flower of Happiness" (1844), one-act poetic drama "The King's Dream" (1844), "The Bird in the Pear Tree" (1845) , "Little Kirsten" (1846), "A Wedding on the Como River" (1848), a comedy in four acts "More Precious than Jewels" (1850), an opera "Nordic Goddess" (1850), "New Estate" "(1850), "The Sandman" (1850), comedy "Heldmore" (1851), comedy "Eldermother" (1851), comedy "Not of Highborn" (1863), comedy "Long Bridge" (1863) , the three-act play "The Spanish Guest" (1865), the one-act play "The Newcomers" (date unknown), "Nights of Rosquirida" (date unknown).

Travel Notes (6): "A Walk from the Holmen Canal to the East Point of Amager Island in 1828 and 1829" (1829), "A Journey to Sweden" (1851), "Scenery of Spain" ( 1863), "Visit to Portugal" (1866).

Autobiography (3): "Biography" (1832), "The True Story of My Life" (1847), "My Fairy Tale Life" (1855).

Poetry (4): "Collected Poems" (I, 1829), "Collected Poems" (II, 1830), Collected Poems "Fantasy and Reality" (1830), Collected Poems "Twelve Months of the Year" (1832).