Is the flame in the animation made of special effects or painted?

Is the flame in the animation made of special effects or painted? Cartoon flames used to be painted, but now they are almost special effects. I'd better explain something here. All your questions include two important words, "movie special effects" and "animation special effects". Although they are almost confused now, there are some differences between them. Early film special effects actually refer to some special effects achieved through real shooting, such as the picture effects obtained by unconventional shooting methods such as time-lapse photography, multiple exposure and slow-door shooting. As for animation special effects, it refers to the special effects of "frame by frame production". Note that it was taken frame by frame, not frame by frame. In fact, the concept of frame-by-frame production is animation itself, so all "animation" special effects must meet this condition.

The scope of animation special effects is different from that of real shooting, because animation is made frame by frame, so things like wind, rain, thunder, electricity, flame and explosion are all special effects in animation (if real shooting is done, it is not special effects to shoot directly with a camera), and there are also special effects of animation, such as Nezha, in which Shen Cong's face becomes a leopard's face; In the deformed fine steel, cars become autobots; In "Make a scene in Heaven", the Monkey King became a carp and crane that did not exist in daily life, and so on.

But because you are watching an animation, all the visual contents in it are rendered (produced) frame by frame by computer, so if you divide it mechanically, all the special effects in it are "animation special effects". But in fact, the actual shooting and animation are still mixed, especially computer animation, which uses virtual camera lenses, usually to achieve some visual effects, and also to simulate some special effects of real shooting. For example, delay, slow shooting, multiple exposures ... and some real shots such as explosions, smoke and thunder. If the shooting cost is too high or the effect is not well controlled, it will be simulated by animation ... If you are not a professional, it is really difficult to distinguish the subtle differences, so I hope you can answer your question clearly.