Memories of Red Grassland Exploration —— My trip to Sochi

Russian women's singles "doll" trio is really "hot" in China! Online social media is full of classic skating videos of the Taowa trio. This is not surprising. At the 20 14 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russian player Stonikova won the women's singles championship in flower skating, which started the dream trip of Russian team in the women's singles event in flower skating.

Russian player Valeeva photographed at the Beijing Winter Olympics: Ping Liu.

Sochi is historically known as the "Southern Capital" of Russia (St. Petersburg is known as the "Northern Capital") and the "Summer Capital". During my stay in Russia, I went to Sochi several times through 1600 km. Professor Oswald from Russia personally accompanied me to visit Sochi. He is a writer of human history and a member of the Russian Geographical Society in St. Petersburg. He told me that the ancient Greeks first came here from the 5th century BC to the 6th century BC, and they found that there were aborigines living here. The word "Sochi" comes from the local dialect, meaning "flowing water".

Military castles have gradually become tourist towns.

Oswald and I were driving from north to south on the highway outside Sochi, with the rolling Black Sea in the east, rolling coastlines, hotels and nursing homes lined up. To the west are towering mountains, and all kinds of flower trees and vegetation are lush. Oswald said that during the "Caucasus War" (18 17 to 1864), in order to strengthen coastal defense, Russia built the Alexander Ring Castle at the entrance of Sochi. The castle and the surrounding security facilities are collectively called the Dahov post, which was renamed the Sochi post in 1896. 1838, the Russians also set up a cargo import and export station in Alexandria Castle to strengthen the control of the economy and trade along the Black Sea. Sochi has high temperature and abundant precipitation all year round, which is suitable for tea planting. Russians can build tea gardens in Sochi from 190 1 to 1905 to produce Sochi tea with market competitiveness.

At the beginning of the establishment of Alexandra Ring Castle, there were almost no residents here except the soldiers guarding the border. At that time, swamps were everywhere, weeds were overgrown and mosquitoes and flies danced wildly. 1866, the Russian emperor signed the Regulations on Settlement and Management of the Black Sea Region, ordering residents from other parts of Russia to immigrate to the vicinity of the Hof post. 1900, Sochi welcomed the first batch of bold tourists. At that time, there were neither port barges nor hotels and restaurants in Sochi. Tourists come here to travel, take bread and tents and rent their own boats.

The first group of bold tourists tasted the sweetness in Sochi. When they got home, they had a wonderful holiday in the town of Sochi in the Black Sea. In this way, Sochi holiday fever has quietly risen in Russia. In recent years, the desolate coastal defense outpost Sochi has built supporting service facilities: not only ports and docks have been built, but also customs and border checkpoints have been opened. Signboards of hotels and restaurants are lined up, and the songs of Turkish pubs have faintly spread to the streets. ...

Russian woman writer Dmitrieff Na (1859 to 1947) came to Sochi for a holiday on the cruise ship "Black Sea" on June 1903. She said that she likes Sochi because of its beautiful environment and pleasant climate, which is very suitable for the life of literati and writers. She wrote in her diary: "On the evening of June in Sochi, the purple sun sank into the blue sea. The coastline was submerged in the golden sunset. The evening breeze brings the fragrance of roses and magnolia ... There are only three streets in the newly-built Sochi, namely Moscow Street, Binhai Street and Jiao Shan Street. Low-rise houses, such as woodhouses in the country, are lined up along the street. The gables of the house are covered with waterfall ivy, and the roses in front of the house are in full bloom, like a colorful garden. "

Sochi Railway Station in the early 1950s

Classic buildings abound.

Sochi is a new city. Until 19 1 1, there was no decent expressway. There is no water supply and drainage in residents' homes, no sewage ditch beside the street, and lack of urban living facilities. But in 19 13, there was a tree-lined road in the city center and the railway station began to be built. The train passed through Sochi on 19 16, but the railway station was not built until 1923. The Soviet government thought the railway station was badly built, so 1939 rebuilt it. After the completion, the effect is still not good. 195 1 year, the Soviet government built Sochi railway station for the third time. The newly-built Sochi Railway Station was quite large at that time. Oswald told me that even in Europe at that time, the new station was a classic building. It not only has a gorgeous and noble court style, but also has the leisure characteristics of resorts. The station building has three floors and three internal halls. The bell tower stands in the square outside the station. In addition to 12 Arabic numerals, the outer ring of the clock is also inlaid with ivory icons of twelve constellations. All this makes Sochi Railway Station a classic. Oswald and I spent some time watching in front of the station, and then we wandered in the lobby of the station.

If you have seen Sochi Railway Station, you can't help seeing Sochi Maritime Station. One is a land classic, and the other is a coastal pearl. Sochi Maritime Station was built four years later than the railway station, which is the masterpiece of architects Alabyan and Carrick. The main building of the ship station has two floors, with a cylindrical hall outside the two floors and a corridor outside the hall. There is also a cushioned lounge chair or open-air coffee table outside the corridor, which makes people feel very comfortable. There are three layers of annex buildings superimposed on the main building. Further up, in the center of the annex building stands a 7 1 meter-long spire, which goes straight into the sky like a sword. Oswald took me to the annex on the first floor. It was not like a shipping station, but obviously an art hall! This exquisite figure sculpture was created by Inkar, an academician of the Soviet Academy of Arts. His portrait sculpture not only has classical beauty, but also embodies the philosophical concept of "the four seasons of the world" ...

Elegance of Sochi Maritime Station (1950s)

Riviera Hotel in Caucasus is a must-see attraction in Sochi. Its original owner was a businessman, Krudov. Russians love drama, so in 19 13, a theater with a capacity of 600 people was built in the courtyard of the hotel. Many famous Soviet writers, such as Babel, Zochenko and Serafimovic, used to write and rest in this hotel. Unfortunately, due to poor management, the hotel finally closed at 1998.

At the gate of the hotel, Oswald told me a joke. 1On July 26th, 929, the famous poet Mayakovski gave a speech in Sochi and stayed in the "Caucasus Riviera". He attended the banquet after his speech and didn't come back until midnight. At that time, the hotel door was closed and no one answered him. The poet had no choice but to call the police. He jumped into the hotel with the police and found the security guard sleeping in the duty room. After the security guard was woken up, he complained that Mayakovski came back too late, which affected his sleep.

1909, Caucasus Riviera Hotel completed.

Red grass is a ski resort.

"Jindali" means "tree" in Greek, and Jindali Botanical Garden is the wonder of Sochi. Oswald told a story. 1889, Russian emperor Alexander III issued a decree ordering Khugayev, a wealthy collector and dramatist in St. Petersburg, to build a botanical garden in Sochi. Hu hesitated considering the poor market effect of the botanical garden. When his wife Nadezhda learned about this, she said nonsense: "I remember when we were madly in love, you made a wish to give me a villa with a garden in the future and named it after me." At this moment, the time has come. Why not have a manor and a botanical garden at the same time? " After listening to Hu, I gladly decided to keep my promise. He bought 54.5 hectares of land in Reza Mountain in Sochi and built "nadezhda Manor", of which 16.35 hectares was used to build "Kinderlari" Botanical Garden.

Nadezhda Manor in the Early 20th Century

When Oswald and I went to the garden, it was the time when flowers were in full bloom, butterflies were flying and bees were flying, but I had begun to imagine that summer and autumn were full of fruits. Oswald told me that Hu planted about 400 kinds of trees and plants in the botanical garden, which he bought from Crimea, Germany and Caucasus botanical gardens. The architectural style of Jindari Botanical Garden refers to the design of terraced parks in Italy in the19th century. In the years after the garden was built, trees and flowers were added to the garden. Today, Jindali Botanical Garden has 1800 kinds of trees and plants.

Jindali Botanical Garden

In Adler District, 64 kilometers southeast of Sochi, there is a small river called Muzmuta River, 38 kilometers away from the Black Sea. There is a small village by the river called Red Grassland. According to the records of the Russian Geographical Society, during the 1960s and 1970s of19th century, it was once a place where Russians and Greeks lived together. Russian personnel are troops who participated in the Caucasus war, while Greeks are residents who come to find accommodation. When the Greeks came to this beautiful place, they camped, built houses, churches and schools, and named the residential area Hongcao Village. Some Russian historians also said that the "Red Grassland" was named after martel, a French traveler who came here to explore in his early years.

The red grassland was once an unknown small village, but in the 2nd/kloc-0th century, it gradually developed into a famous tourist and holiday center in Sochi, as well as a training base for camping, skiing and paragliding. I love the mountains around Hongcaodi Village and countless natural resources such as forests, hot springs, waterfalls and rivers.

Dong 'ao Village in Red Grassland

When writing this article, I remembered the scene of taking a cable car on the red grass on a hot summer day in the late 1990s. At that time, the cable car was mainly used by alpine skiers or paragliders, and it looked very simple. The so-called cable car is actually a suspended "plank", with a rusty iron bar on the left and right, and a plank one meter long and half a meter wide in the middle. The Russian friend who sent me here, when I was in shock, forced a coat into my arms and quickly ran off the platform of the cable car. In an instant, the huge winch boomed and the "board" staggered up. Getting higher and higher from the ground, I began to slide on the bushes, then I passed the high treetops, and then not only could I not see the treetops, but even the thick and tall pine forests became bushes. Light rain hit my face, cold wind swept my ears, and I put on my coat at random. After sliding for a while, I was still afraid. I held the iron tightly and looked at the steaming clouds on the mountain out of the corner of my eye. Occasionally, several big trees emerge from the distant fog like bamboo shoots. Soon I was caught in a snowstorm. When I reached the top, the paraglider at the top told me that I had become "Santa Claus"-my eyebrows and eyelashes were covered with frost. At that time, the red grassland planted in Mi Shan in 2000 was a hot summer day. At this time, not far from me, a vigorous paraglider ran slightly, spread its colorful wings and jumped down from the mountain with deep snow. ...