Where is Gulong, Zhuge Liang's secluded place?

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Gulong. Later, when Liu Bei heard that Zhuge Liang was very talented, he looked after the cottage. Their dialogue in Longzhong is called "Longzhong Dui", which we learned in Chinese class when we were in middle school. Later, Zhuge Liang became a historical and cultural celebrity, so the word Longzhong became a place where everyone admired Zhuge Liang. And where is Longzhong? But this is a controversial issue. There are generally two different views about Zhuge Liang's seclusion in Longzhong. One said it was in Nanyang and the other said it was in Xiangyang.

Let's talk about the first statement first. Zhuge Liang said in the "Teacher's Watch" to his late master: "I am wearing a cloth and plowing Nanyang." Zhuge Liang himself said, is there anything wrong? Later generations generally say this. For example, in Liu Yuxi's "Inscription of the Humble Room", it says: "Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu."

However, the statement of Xiangyang is not groundless. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, a historian named Xi Chishao said in Hanshu, Jinshu, Chunqiu that Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Dengxian, Nanyang, twenty miles west of Xiangyang City, and Longzhong, posthumous title.

So where does Zhuge Liang live in seclusion? The exact answer is Xiangyang. Why? There is a simple reason. At that time, the Wollongong area in Nanyang was under the jurisdiction of Cao Cao, and Liu Bei dared not run to the place under the jurisdiction of Cao Cao several times in a row, which was tantamount to a trap.

However, why did Zhuge Liang say that he was "cultivating Nanyang"? Can what he said himself be wrong? This is going to talk about the problem of ancient administrative divisions. During the Han Dynasty, the world was divided into more than 100 counties. Among them, Nanyang County was established in today's Nanyang Basin and north-central Hubei Province, which means that Nanyang County had a very wide jurisdiction at that time. For example, Liu Xiu's hometown was Zaoyang, but Zaoyang was under the control of Nanyang at that time. Zhuge Liang devoted himself to Xiangyang Gulong, and also belonged to Nanyang County in administrative division. When Liu Bei visited the Caotang, Cao Cao occupied the county seat of Nanyang County, and the south of Nanyang County was controlled by Liu Biao, so Liu Bei had the possibility to visit the Caotang.

Speaking of which, I thought of a story. When I was an undergraduate, I met an old man. He asked me where I came from. I said I was from Henan, and he said he was from Henan and I was a fellow villager. I asked him, "Uncle, which county are you from?" He said he was from Dongming. I said, "No! Dongming is from Shandong. " Grandpa said, "Dongming went back to Henan when I left home. I always thought I was from Henan. " Although Zhuge Liang's real farming place may be Xiangyang, if we ask Zhuge Liang what he dug out of the ground, Zhuge Liang will feel very puzzled: "I made it very clear in the model ~ ~" Now, after entering the Wuhou Temple in Nanyang, there is a big stone with eight scarlet letters written on it: "I am wearing cloth and studying in Nanyang"!

In fact, there is no need to argue about this issue. Xiangyang and Nanyang are Zhuge Liang's cultivated land, which is the result of the changes of ancient and modern administrative divisions. Therefore, when a Xiangyang person went to Nanyang to be a magistrate, he once wrote such a comparison: "The heart is in the court, whether it is a master or a second master; Famous in the world, how to distinguish Xiangyang Nanyang? "